高考英语复习书面表达专题.doc

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1、2011年高考英语书面表达专题 书面表达如何获得高分1、卷面整洁化高考作文阅卷是扫描试卷后在电脑上阅卷，所以书写和卷面显得十分重要。书写是否规范、卷面是否整洁将直接决定扫描的效果，影响阅卷老师对你文章的第一印象。这点完全是考生自己多加注意就可以做好的，标准很简单：clean and clear。2、词汇高级化 评价标准要求尽量使用高级词汇。但高级词汇并不是越难越好，越长越好，主要是指那些大部分考生都想不到用且又符合英美国家表达习惯的方式，例如一些常规词的特殊用法，或是通过构词法而形成的词汇、复合词、名词用作动词，象声词等。1. A new railway is being built in m

2、y home town.A new railway is under construction in my home town.2. A strong storm happened in our city last night. A strong storm hit (struck) our city last night.3. Some of my classmates are for the movie. Some of my classmates are in favor of the movie.上述各句中的都是一般表述法，即大部分学生可能用到的，而却与众不同，用词独到考究，新活出众，

3、更能显示你的遣词造句的语言才华。大部分学生以为高考作文只要写得完整、没有语法错误，就可以拿到高分，其实不然。一般来说，高考英语作文要求80120个单词，这意味着大概要写10个左右的句子。如果这十几个句子用的都是很简单的词汇，那肯定无法达到高分档的要求。所以，我们强调适当使用高级的词汇。下面，我们就来看看“高分词汇选择原则”。1词组优先原则。表达同样的意思，如果是在单词和词组中进行选择，要优先选择词组。如：原文A new railway is being built in my hometown.改进A new railway is under construction in my hometo

4、wn.点拨：在写一篇介绍自己家乡的文章中，说到了家乡“正在修建”一条铁路时，用介词短语来表达就比用“build”这个单词的被动语态要好得多。2地道原则。尽量使用英文中的既有词组，不要自己生造，以免出现中式英文。如：原文Through traveling, I learned a lot of knowledge.改进Through traveling, I gained/obtained a lot of knowledge.点拨：知识不是“学习”的，而是“获得”的。这是许多同学容易犯错的地方，需引起注意。3避免重复原则。因为在高考中只要求80120个单词，所以一味重复使用低水平单词就会与 “

5、高级、复杂”这个评分概念相抵触。如：原文I like reading while my brother likes watching television.改进I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.点拨：重复使用like来表达“喜欢”的意思，不仅表达单一，文章显得死板，而且容易让阅卷老师感觉你词汇匮乏，影响得分。此外，表达“我认为”，大多数人一般都只会“I think”,其实我们完全可以用“I suppose”,“I consider”,“I hold the view that”,“I take the atti

6、tude that”等来表达。4“后高长”原则。启用后学到的、较高级的、较长的词汇。例如下面单词的替换：原词替换词clever intelligenthardworking diligentharddiligentlyveryrather/extremelypay attention to attach importance tohappydelightedmore and more an increasing number offirstly first of all；to begin with；initiallybut; however on the contrary三、文辞优美化写作时，

7、注意句式丰富、多样化，避免使用结构单一、长度相同的单句，以免使所写文章平淡无奇，缺乏生气，读起来索然无味。如强调句、倒装句、非谓语动词句型、it句型、with结构以及各种典型的从句等都是非常高级的句子，在文章中正确使用3-5个这样的句子可使文章更优美。如：1. Time is so precious that we cant afford to waste itSo precious is time that we cant afford to waste it.（倒装句）2. We planted many young trees on the hill last week.It was o

8、n the hill that we planted many young trees last week.(强调句)3. I received your letter yesterday and knew that you would come to China for holiday. I received your letter yesterday, knowing that you would come to China for holiday.( 非谓语)4. Many students are getting more and more anxious as the final e

9、xam comes.With the final exam drawing near, many students are getting more and more anxious.（with结构）5. I am a graduate and I graduated from Guangxi University in 2009.I am a graduate who graduated from Guangxi University in 2009.(定语从句)四、衔接自然化文章的连贯性和紧凑感是高考书面表达的一个重要评分标准。只有很好地运用连接词才能使文章连贯、流畅，才能提升书面表达的质

10、量，拿到高分。现将高中要掌握的过渡语总结如下：（一）表起始的过渡语有first of all, to begin with, as far as I know.（二）表时间的过渡语有at first, then , later, meanwhile ,after that.（三）表空间的过渡语有on one side of on the other side of （四）表因果的过渡语有as a result(of),thanks to, therefore,等。（五）表转折的过渡语有however, on the contrary, otherwise, in fact (六)表列举的过渡语

11、有for example, takeas an example, such as,（七）表推进的过渡语有whats more, in addition, besides, on one hand,on the other hand,2011年书面表达备考分类指导一、通知口头通知口头通知即口头的形式表达通知的内容。其特点是：用词较口语化，句子不会太复杂。通常只需用一段话讲清其内容即可。时态以一般将来时为主。它的开头和结尾有一定的固定套语：1. 开头：May I have your attention,please! I have some good news to tell you.Attent

12、ion, please, every one, I have an announcement to make.2. 其他固定套语（如叫听者不要迟到，欢迎某人参加活动等）Every one is asked to be there on time.Please take your notebooks with you and sure on time.Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome.3. 结尾：Thats all,Thank you very much.实例：假如你是班长，通知你班同学本周星期六晚上730在本班教室举行一次英语晚

13、会，节目有唱歌、朗诵、讲故事、话剧等，要求本班同学都参加，欢迎外班同学光临，请同学们作好准备。(字数：100左右)Fellow students,Attention, please. I have some good news to tell you. Were going to have an English evening in our classroom at 7:30 on Saturday evening. The program includes songs, recitations, story telling , short plays and so on . Everyone

14、 in our class must take part in it and students from other classes are also welcome. Everyone who takes part in the party should perform once. Thats all. Thank you. 写作练习1：假如你是高三(2)班班长，你班要在5月4日即下星期六去庐山郊游。请你拟一份通知，准备向同学们宣读。内容包括： 1、郊游日期：5月4日，下星期六； 2、主要内容：攀登比赛、摄影等； 3、早餐后8点坐校车出发，午餐自带，下午3点回校； 4、欢迎全体同学参加。凡参

15、加者先登记并交给班长5元钱。 注意：通知词数约70120。要求意思连贯。 书面通知书面通知即以书面形式表达通知的内容，其特点是：措辞较严谨，句子结构相对口头通知更复杂，尤其会使用一些非谓语动词短语（如不定式表目的）和从句（如if从句,when从句,so that从句）.时态以一般将来时为主。 1. 书面通知格式：开头有标题：Notice或 Announcement，标题下是正文，正文后是发通知单位（右下角）和发通知时间（左下角）。2. 书面通知套语：A lecture will be given at 7:00 on Saturday morning in the hall.All the t

16、eachers and students are required toEvery one is asked to be there on time.写作练习2：某中学将有一位美国教授布莱克博士来访，该教授将给师生们作一次报告，介绍美国的教育情况。学校要求同学们在星期三下午230准时到105大教室参加报告会，并带上笔记本，以便会后讨论。请你根据上面要点，用英语写一篇书面通知。出通知时间为4月15日。(字数：100左右)二、演讲稿1. 你所在的班级将要举办一次主题为“What Can We Do for Our School?”的英语演讲比赛。请写一篇英语演讲稿，要求从以下四方面中任选一至二个进

17、行阐述，并举例加以说明。1.关心他人； 2.美化校园；3.受护学校设施；4.营造良好的学习氛围。注意：1.不要在书面表达中出现所在学校的校名和本人姓名，否则本节判为零分；2.词数：100左右；3.参考词汇：爱心love and care;校园campus; 设施facilities; 氛围environment4.开头和结尾已经写好，且不记入词数。【参考范文】Hello, everyone. Its nice to speak about what we can do for our school, and I think each of us can do something. The fi

18、rst thing we can do is to make our campus more beautiful. Every one of us may plant a tree in the school, or organize a thorough cleaning on the campus. We can also form a good habit of putting the rubbish in the trashcan. The second thing we can do is to protect the facilities in our school. When w

19、e leave the classroom, we should never forget to turn off the light or close the door. We should not leave the tap water running or waste any materials in the laboratory class.If everyone does one thing for our school, I believe we will turn our school into a better place to Study and live in. Thank

20、 you for listening!写作练习3：.假如你们学校“英语爱好者俱乐部”将对饮食习惯进行讨论。请根据提示，用英文写一篇演讲稿。内容要点如下：要点: （1）一些同学不吃早餐。 （2）爱吃零食、偏食。（3）饮食过量。 （4）饮食多样化。 （5）饮食定时,定量。 （6）培养良好饮食习惯的重要性。（7）有助于身体健 。三、感谢信【写法指要】感谢信(thank-you letters)是在收到别人赠送的礼物、得到别人的某种帮助或受到别人的款待后写的信。感谢信不要太长，但要写得真挚。通常要提到对方送的礼物怎么好，帮助有多大，款待得多么周到等。感谢信常用的语句有：Many thanks for

21、your kind and warm help.I am greatly indebted (受惠的;感激的) to you for your help. Thank you for your generous hospitality(款待). It was really exciting to get your New Years card! Im sincerely grateful for all your help in finding me a place. Your note of congratulations is deeply appreciated. Thank you f

22、or doing so much to make my trip interesting.Thank you for your kindness to have done me a favor.感谢信一般包括以下几点：对收信人的称谓； 写信的目的；（Thank you for）致谢并详述所收到的礼物或得到的帮助等； 结尾及谦称。范文：Dear Mr Li,Im very excited to write to express my thanks to you. I am now a freshman of Wuhan University, which I have been dreaming

23、 about. Mr Li, I still remember the days when you taught me English. My English has been improved greatly because of your creative work. However, at one time, the pressure of examinations, too much homework and the high expectations made me depressed. I was tired of the warning that if I didnt do my

24、 best, I wouldnt have the chance to go to college. Thanks for your encouragement; if not, I wouldnt have realized my dream. And now I really understand you. I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal colleges. Are you still so busy? How I miss you! Hoping to hear from you soon.You

25、rs,Li Hua写作练习4：假如你度过一周假期刚刚返校。给你的朋友刘冬写封感谢信。感谢刘冬为你安排一周愉快的假期。简单回忆假期中的愉快生活，感谢刘冬请假带你游玩了许多地方。认为刘冬的母亲是一位非常出色的厨师，美味可口的饭菜使你体重增加了近10磅。再次感谢，并希望保持联系。欢迎他有机会来你校游玩。四、日记日记是用来叙述一天生活中所发生的事情或用来抒发自己对当天某些事情的感受以及将来的打算的一种应用文体。写好英文日记要注意以下几点：1日记的格式：主要指日期、天气情况和正文。日期一般写在正文的左上角，它包括年、月、日和星期几，天气情况一般写在正文的右上角，常用词汇有：sunny，fine，rain

26、y，windy，cloudy，snowy等。2日记的时态：由于日记是对当天所发生事情的回顾，故常用一般过去时。但当记述天气、描写景色或展望未来时，可以用一般现在时或一般将来时。3日记的人称：因为日记是记载自己的亲身经历，故应用第一人称，语言尽量口语化，按照事情发生的先后顺序，清楚、准确、连贯地把事情表达出来。范例：2009年5月3日，你参观了一个农场。请根据下列图画用英语写一篇日记。注意：1.日记须包括所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节，使日记连贯；2词数：100左右。案例分析本文是一篇看图作文，考查从图中获取信息及写作日记文体的能力。根据题目要求可知写作要点如下：1.集合，出发；2.到达；3.

27、参观；4.野餐；5.娱乐；6.告别。May 3,2009Sunday FineToday we visited a farm.Early in the morning，we met at the school gate and went there together.The farm workers gave us a warm welcome.Then the head of the farm showed us around.How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well.At noon we had a picn

28、ic lunch in the sunshine.After a short rest，we had great fun singing and dancing，telling jokes or stories.Two of us even played a game of chess.The time passed quickly.Before we knew it，we had to say goodbye to the workers.写作练习5：以2010元月8日星期天你生日为内容写一篇日记。内容如下：a雨虽下得很大，但许多朋友来参加生日晚会； b朋友们送礼；c晚饭后大家吃生日蛋糕，唱

29、歌跳舞拍照； d 晚会12点半结束；e大家感受很好。五、留言条留言条是一种非正式的、简短的书信，往往比较口语化。因此，写留言条时，应做到言简意赅，以传递信息为主要目的。留言条说简短，但务必写清楚：1.时间：至少应有月、日，必要的话可加上星期几，甚至可注明几点钟。2.人名：称呼可有可无，视具体情况而定。3.事由：简明扼要，以讲清楚事情为原则。最后，还得提醒考生，一定要看清题目的字数要求。留言条常用套语：A Mr./Miss D called/came to see you while you were out.You are requested to ring him /her up any t

30、ime this evening from 8:00 to 10:00 at 12345678实例假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东Mrs Wilson 不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs Wilson 写一留言条，内容包括：1.外出购物2.替房东还书3.Tracy 来信留言：1）咖啡屋（Bolton Coffee）见面取消2）此事已告知Susan3）尽快回电注意：1 词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。One Possible VersionMrs Wilson,Im going out shopping, and wont be back unt

31、il about 5:00 pm. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 oclock this afternoon, Tracy called, saving that she couldt meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said tha

32、t you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change.Li Hua写作练习6：假如你是Lucy，打算同你校外籍教师Dianna 同去人民剧院看京剧，你前去送票，碰巧她不在家，请你写一份留言：a戏剧今晚700开始；b戏票已经买好，请她别再买票；c你将在剧院入口处等她；d去时，在校门口坐3路车直达剧院。(字数：80左右)参考词语京剧Beijing Ope

33、ra 在入口处at the entrance 乘三路车to take the Bus No.3 六、请假条请假条常用套语：1.病假条(note for sick leave)和事假条(leave of absence)2.I am terribly sorry to inform you that I am unable to go to school today owing to a severe headache.3. Im sorry to tell you that I cant go to school today, Ive caught a cold because4.Will y

34、ou please excuse my absence on Saturday ?请星期六准假一天。5.I beg to apply for three days leave of absence from 10th to 12th .我想从10日到12日，请假三天。6.Please give an extension of leave for as many days .请准许续假三天。7.I would like to know if I could ask for a sick leave for one day on March 29th.8.Many thanks. Im looki

35、ng forward to your kind answer. 9.Thanks.Iwillcallyouat1:30p.m.oryoucancallmeatanytime.实例假设你叫Tom，你昨天在学校游泳池游泳患了感冒，今天早上觉得头疼，你母亲给你量了体温后，发现你发烧，便带你去看医生，医生说你需要卧床休息两天，特向老师请假。给老师写一张70100字的请假条 时间：2011年3月9日。 One possible version: March 3, 2011 Dear Sir, Im sorry to tell you that I cant go to school today, Ive

36、 caught a cold because I swam in the schools swimming pool yesterday. This morning I had a headache. After taking my temperature, my mother found that I had a high fever, immediately she took me to see a doctor, who advised me to stay in bed for 2 days. Now I am writing to you to ask for 2 days sick

37、 leave. Many thanks. Im looking forward to your kind answer. Yours, Tom写作练习7： 假如你叫Kate，因昨天晚上不小心感冒了,今天早上，你妈妈带你去看了大夫，大夫告诉你要在家里躺几天。因此特向黄老师请假。对于缺课，特别是不能上黄老师那有趣的课，你感到难过，并表示病好后一定把漏掉的课程补上。时间2011年3月18日。（字数7080）七、招聘( _ Wanted)招聘常用词或词组1. want, be in need of, decide to hire/invite, be looking for2. be interest

38、ed in, be skilled in, be good at3. call sb at, contact with招聘常用句型 1. 开头1) The Student Union of our school decides to invite an international student to work as an English Study Advisor next term.2). Our school news paper is in great need of an English editor.2. 1) As an English editor, you have two

39、kinds of things to do. One thing is that. The other thing is to do2) The applicant should meet （满足）the following requirements(要求). First of all,.Second/Besides/Whats more, Third/Finally3. If you are interested in the job, please call LiHua at 135781011884.The payment will be discussed during the int

40、erview.写作练习8：请你根据以下要点，拟一则招聘家教的启示。内容包括：1、 家教科目：英语；男性教师，30岁左右；2、 具有教学经历，且有耐心和信心； 3、 工作时间：每周六和周日，每天8小时，待遇丰厚；4、 联系电话：66882357。注意：1、标题已为你写好：Help Wanted2、可适当发挥；3、词数：100左右。八、应聘应聘常用词组1 表示擅长某事 be good at , do well in, have a good knowledge of2表示适合做某事be fit for 应聘常用句型 1. I have read (your advertisement) for (

41、a sales manager) in(todays China Daily).2. Id like to apply for the position/job.3. Now let me introduce myself to you.4. Im sure Im fit for the job.5. I will appreciate it very much if you offer me the chance.6. Thank you for your consideration.7. Im looking forward to hearing from you写作练习9：英语周报在全国

42、范围内招聘中学生记者，假如你是李华，闻讯后于2005年4月22日写一篇应聘信给报社社长张先生，用英语介绍自己，内容如下：1现年18岁，在金坛一中高一（1）班，任班长。2爱好英语，英语周报每期必读。3能与外宾自由交谈，英语周报举办的翻译原著比赛获一等奖。4自己能胜任这项工作，如能录用，定努力工作。要求：100字左右。字迹清楚，语句通顺。英语周报：English Weekly 翻译：translate 九、看图作文参考例文：A man is using water as much as he likes washing his clothes regardless of the notice pi

43、nned above Save the water Please.（人们随心所欲的用水洗衣服，毫不在意“请节约用水”的标牌。）As we see，water is the source of life. But there is very limited available water resources in our world，so we shouldnt waste it. Of course，we have to use it to drink，cook，wash，clean and etc. But we must remember not to use it extravagant

44、ly. If we didnt stop such wasteful habits，we would cut off the development of the world and the human life. And what will our next generation use？写作练习10：假如你是李华，你的同学Black是第一中学的新生，该校位于邮电局的对面，Black要到新华书店去买本字典，但不知怎样走，请根据下图，写文告诉Black怎样尽快找到新华书店。(字数：80左右)十、图表作文英语图表写作套句精选： 1）As is shown in the table. 如表格所示.

45、 2）From the table/chart, we can see clearly that. 从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到. 3) The table/chart shows (that) 4)45 of people hold the view that图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法 :增加：increase 减少：decrease 假如你是李华，在最近的研究性学习当中，受21世纪中学生英语报 （The 21st Century）之邀，你对你所在的班60名同学（男女各半）进行了上网目的的调查。现将调查结果（如下表所示）用英语给报社的编辑写一封信，报道此事，以引起舆论的关注，并提出你的观点和建议。注意：1、报道应包括图表所示全部内容，可适度发挥。 2、文章的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。3、词数： 150 4、参考词汇：调查： make a surveyDear editor，I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about their pur