企业债券毕业论文abpx.doc
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1、摘要国务院关于进一步促进贵州经济社会又好又快发展的若干意见(国发【2012】2号)文件指出:贵州省正处在实现历史性跨越的关键时期。克服交通基础设施薄弱和生态环境脆弱等瓶颈制约,发挥区位条件重要、能源矿产资源富集、生物多样性良好、文化旅游开发潜力大等优势,抓住深入实施西部大开发战略和工业化、城镇化发展的重大机遇,加快发展是贵州的主要任务。而且,提出了建设以贵阳安顺为核心,以遵义、毕节、都匀、凯里等城市为支撑的黔中经济区,按照“黔中带动、黔北提升、两翼跨越、协调推进”的原则,构建区域协调发展新格局的空间设想。贵阳中心城市的地位、其城镇化和产业发展的目标被提升到新的高度。为此,贵阳必然要提出相应的基
2、础设施建设和重大项目实施的计划。然而,贵阳原有经济基础薄弱、财力匮乏,现有企业、财政、银行的资金供给条件显然不能满足目前巨大的投资需求,因此要考虑利用融资创新来帮助解决建设资金短缺的难题。本世纪以来,在我国加快推进城镇化和政府配置资源、引导发展职能日益强化的过程中,地方政府融资平台应运而生,它克服我国分税制下地方事权与财力不匹配、转移支付制度不规范和缺少地方政府举债融资的制度等制约,着重利用银行信贷而发挥了积极作用。尤其在缓解金融危机冲击、扩大内需、促进经济复苏中与中央政府配合发挥了关键的作用。但在近几年的通货膨胀、宏观紧缩背景下,各级政府债务负担和地方政府融资平台公司的银行债务风险问题受到高
3、度关注,监管部门正在加大力度对地方政府融资平台的银行债务进行核查、清理和规范。然而,从长远看,其作为市场经济条件下政府配置资源的重要实现途径,在促进增长、调整结构等方面还将发挥独特作用。最近,在地方政府融资平台负债中占比很小的城投债融资方式正受到管理高层和有关方面的重视和推介。城投债是政府融资平台以企业债方式发行的特殊的企业债,其实相当于市场经济国家的市政债(地方政府债)。今后通过健全相应制度,它有可能规范到市政债形式并成为地方政府的主要融资工具。而目前,转型中的融资平台公司应尽快考虑、并积极利用现有的城投债融资方式。北京市朝阳区政府于2010年通过其国有资本经营管理中心发行企业债券的方式解决
4、了区政府的融资问题。这种利用地方融资平台进行融资的方式并不是只有发达地区所特有,欠发达地区也可以加以利用来解决自身发展过程融资难的问题。正基于此,本文希望通过对北京市朝阳区与贵阳的比较,借鉴北京市朝阳区国有资本经营管理中心发行企业债券的成功经验,研究贵阳等欠发达地区利用地方政府融资平台发行企业债券进行融资的问题。本文首先介绍有关企业债券和市政债券基本理论、操作原理的基础上,重点分析介绍美国和澳大利亚在利用市政债券融资方面的经验,以及发达国家市政债券制度设计方面的先进经验。为我们国家的准市政债券发展提供方向,再次其次对我国地方融资平台公司的转型进行探讨。进而,在分析归纳北京朝阳区利用城投债融资经
5、验的基础上,指出贵阳的劣势是具有投资价值的项目少、下属企业资产质量和经营业绩较差、人才储备不足等;优势是自然资源比较丰富,少数民族居多可以考虑重点发展新能源和旅游行业、基础较弱但更具发展潜力;需要解决的主要问题是利用地方政府融资平台发行企业债券为发展地方社会经济建设融资;从而提出了借鉴北京朝阳区国有资本经营管理中心发行企业债券过程中的成功经验来指导贵阳市利用这种模式进行融资的建议。关键词:地方政府融资平台、基础设施建设、融资AbstractState Council has several opinions on further promotion of Guizhous economy an
6、d society developing well and rapidly (Guo Fa 2012 2) point out : Guizhou Province is realizing a historic leap in a critical period. To overcome the bottleneck of weak transport infrastructure and fragile ecological environment, play the importance of geographic conditions and the advantages of the
7、 rich mineral resources, energy, biodiversity, the potential development cultural tourism, the main task of accelerating the development in Guizhou is to seize the significant opportunity for in-depth implementation of the western development strategy, industrialization and urbanization. Moreover, p
8、resented to build a Qianzhong Economic Area as the core of Guiyang Anshun, and as the supporting by Zunyi, Bijie, Duyun, and kaili, to build a region developing according to the principle of being driven by central Guizhou, being promoted by northern, two wings crossing, and pushed forward coordinat
9、ely . Guiyangs position of the central city, urbanization and objectives of industrial development has been elevated to new heights. To this end, Guiyang is bound to make the plan about corresponding construction of infrastructure and implementation of major projects. Guiyang, however, the original
10、economic foundation is weak, lack of financial resources and existing enterprises, finance, the banks capital supply conditions which obviously can not meet the current huge demand for investment, so we consider useing a innovative financing to help solve the problem of shortage of funds for constru
11、ction.This century in the increasingly intensive process of our country accelerating the urbanization and the government allocating resources, guiding the functions development, the local government financing platform emerged, it overcomes the constraints which the local powers do not match financia
12、l resources under the Chinese tax separated system, the transfer payment system is not standard and lacking of local government borrowing systems support, focusing on the use of bank credit and making it played an active role. Especially in alleviating the financial crisis, expand domestic demand an
13、d promote economic recovery it played a key role in co-ordination with the Central Government. But in the context of inflation and macro-tightening in recent years, the burden of government debt and the risk about the local government financing platform companys bank debt are highly paid attention t
14、o, the regulatory authorities are making efforts to check, clear and regulate the bank debt of local government financing platform. However, in the long run, it will also play a unique role as an important way for government allocating resources in conditions of market, promoting growth, adjusting s
15、tructure and other aspects. Recently, the way using city investment bonds which account for a small proportion of the liabilities of local government financing platform is paid attention to and recommended by senior management and stakeholders. City investment bonds is a special corporate bonds gove
16、rnment financing platform use the way of issuing corporate bonds, equivalent to market economy countrys municipal bonds (local government debt). By a sound corresponding system in the future, it is possible to standardize to the form of municipal bonds and becomes the main financing tool for local g
17、overnment. At present, financing platform companies in transition should be considered as soon as, and use the existing city investment and debt financing actively.Beijing Chaoyang District resolved the its financing problems using the way of issuing corporate bonds by state-owned capital management
18、 center in 2010. Local financing platform for financing is not only unique to developed areas, less developed areas can also use it to the problem of financing in their own development process. Based on this, this article learn the successful experience from Beijing Chaoyang District governments sta
19、te-owned capital management center issuing corporate bonds and research Guiyang and other less developed regions local government financing platform to issue corporate bonds to solve problem of financing by comparing Chaoyang District, Beijing and Guiyang.This paper first introduces the basic theory
20、 of corporate bonds and municipal bonds, on the basis of the principle of operation, focusing on the analysis to introduce the advanced experience of the United States and Australias experience in the use of municipal bond, as well as the system designing of municipal bonds in developed countries. P
21、rovide prospective development direction for our countrys municipal bonds, secondly explore the transformation about our countrys local financing platform. Furthermore, analyzing and summarizing experiences on the basis of Beijing Chaoyang District using city investment bonds to solve financing prob
22、lems, pointed out the Guiyangs disadvantages are projects with investing value is less, the affiliated enterprises assets quality and operating performance are poor, and lacking of talent; Its advantages are the natural resources are rich and have many minority majorities, we can consider the to dev
23、elop new energy and tourism industry, the basis is weak but has more potential; what we need to address the main problem is to use local government financing platform to issue corporate bonds to finance for local social and economic construction; we proposed to reference the successful experiences f
24、rom Beijing Chaoyang Districts state-owned capital management center issuing corporate bonds to guide Guiyang City to take this mode to finance.Keyword: Local government financing platform, infrastructure construction, financing第一章 绪论1.1研究背景近期国务院下发的国务院关于进一步促进贵州经济社会又好又快发展的若干意见(国发【2012】2号)文件指出:贵州省正处在实
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