预防性养护最佳时机的确定方法研究.doc
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1、中国图书分类号:U418.6国际图书分类号:625.7工学硕士学位论文预防性养护最佳时机的确定方法研究硕 士 研 究 生: 张国梁导师: 马松林 教授申 请 学 位: 工学硕士学 科 、 专 业: 道路与铁道工程所 在 单 位: 交通科学与工程学院答 辩 日 期: 2007 年 7 月授予学位单位: 哈尔滨工业大学Classified Index: U418.6U.D.C.: 625.7Dissertation for the Master Degree in EngineeringSTUDY ON THE METHOD OFDETERMINATING OPTIMAL TIMINGOF PRE
2、VENTIVE MAINTENANCECandidate:Supervisor:Academic Degree Applied for:Specialty:Affiliation:Date of Defence:Degree-conferring-institution:Zhang GuoliangProf. Ma SonglinMaster of EngineeringRoad and Railway EngineeringSchool of Transportation Scienceand EngineeringJuly, 2007Harbin Institute of Technolo
3、gy哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文摘要随着我国交通基础设施建设的大规模展开以及我国经济实力的增强,对现有公路进行预防性养护,提高其使用寿命,越来越受到相关部门的重视。预防性养护技术在美欧等发达国家的发展已经相当成熟,为了降低道路养护成本,提高道路的经济效益,很多国家都在大力发展预防性养护技术。预防性养护在我国起步虽然晚一些,但发展速度非常快,从材料设计到施工技术设备均已达到国外同等水平。研究过程中以黑龙江预防性养护课题为依托,收集黑龙江和吉林两省的大量稀浆封层养护数据。在分析已有路况数据的基础上,以稀浆封层养护方式为例,对预防性养护的适用条件进行了探讨,得到了强度和破损的关系以及针对预防性养护
4、的适用条件。结合经济分析原则和预防性养护的特点,总结出预防性养护经济效益评价和方案比选所用费用类型应满足的原则,即:与路况性能密切相关和便于量化计算的原则。在此原则下,选取了适宜的费用类型,给出了相应的费用计算模型,得出了具有实用价值的预防性养护费用计算框架。为预防性养护方案经济效益的量化比选找到了一条实用的途径。由于预防性养护措施并非任何条件下都适用,实施的时机不当,不仅达不到预期的使用效果,而且会造成本已紧张的养护资金的浪费。国内目前对预防性养护的实施基本处于经验判断的层面上,没有一套合理的、科学的评判策略。在分析国内外研究成果的基础上,探讨了在满足预防性养护适用条件的前提下,以效益费用比
5、方法解决预防性养护最佳时机的选取问题。引入了预防性养护“效益面积”的思想,解决了预防性养护效益的计算过程中可能遇到的指标选取问题、权重分配问题、效益面积的计算问题、以及最低可接受水平问题和衰变模型问题后,最终建立了确定最佳预防性养护时机的效益费用比计算模型,提出效益费用比最大的预防性养护时机方案为最佳方案。以吉林省的稀浆封层养护路段为例,对效益费用比方法进行了运用,达到了预期的效果,给出了决策建议,印证了此方法解决预防性养护时机决策问题的有效性。关键词预防性养护;适用条件;经济效益;养护时机- I -哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文AbstractWith the development of
6、transportation construction and economic power ofour country, correlation departments take high regards of the preventivemaintenance of highway for increasing useful life. The preventive maintenancetechnology is quite developed in West developed countries. For decreasing thecost of highway maintenan
7、ce and increasing the economic benefit, quite a lot ofcountries are developing the preventive maintenance technology. Preventivemaintenance is developing very fast though late, and the technology of materialsdesign and construction has reach the level of developed countries.My study is based on the
8、preventive maintenance study in Heilongjiang, andusing quite a lot of slurry seal maintenance data collecting from Heilongjiang andJilin. Rely on the analysis of data, with the maintenance of slurry seal as example,discuss about the application condition of the preventive maintenance, then getthe re
9、lation between strength and breakage and the application condition of thepreventive maintenance.Combine the economic analysis principle and characteristics of thepreventive maintenance, sum up the principle that economic benefit evaluation ofthe preventive maintenance and the cost type of cases comp
10、are should satisfy. Itis the principle contacted with the performance of pavement and convenient forcalculation. With this principle, choose adaptive cost type, give correspondingmodel of cost calculation, and get the valuable cost calculation frame of thepreventive maintenance.Because the preventiv
11、e maintenance isnt applicable for any conditions, ifthe maintenance timing is not suitable, it will waste the cost bankroll while shortof expectant effect. Nowadays in our country, the practice of the preventivemaintenance is on the experience level without any suitable and scientificevaluation meth
12、ods. Based on the analysis of research in-country and out-country,with the presupposition satisfying the application of the preventive maintenanceused the method of benefit cost ratio to resolve the problem to choose theopportunity timing of the preventive maintenance. Using area of benefit of thepr
13、eventive maintenance, resolved the problem of index choosing, proportion- II -哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文distributing, and benefit area calculating in the calculation procedure of thepreventive maintenance, and the problem of adequacy accepting level and theproblem of model disintegration, then, set up the bene
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- 关 键 词:
- 预防性 养护 最佳时机 的确 方法 研究
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