职称英语等级考试理工AB精讲班课程.doc
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1、职称英语等级考试理工AB精讲班课程第五讲 完型填空本讲主要内容:1 2008年职称英语词汇大纲新增内容(2);2 2008年理工AB级完型填空推荐文章;3 完型填空在线作业; 2008年职称英语词汇大纲新增内容(2):2008年职称英语等级考试大纲上新增首字母为B的单词:C 级:beware(当心, 小心)(比较:aware/知道的, 意识到的, ware/制造品, hardware/硬件, software/软件)be aware of /be conscious of/知道, 意识到e.g. Beware of the computer(计算机) virus(病毒). 当心计算机病毒bew
2、are of be careful of当心, 注意bioengineer(生物工程师) 比较:biotechnology 生物技术gene 遗传基因, clone 克隆A 级:blunder(大错)blunder error mistake 错误make a blunder/mistake/errore.g. To err is human. 人非圣人,孰能无过。 2008年理工AB完型填空推荐文章;Debate over the use of Renewable energy Ausubel of Rockefeller University in New York, US. says t
3、he key renewable energy sources, including sun, wind and biofuels, would all require vast 1 of land if developed up to large scale production1 unlike nuclear power. That land would be far better left alone2, he says. Renewables look attractive when they are quite 2 . But if we start producing renewa
4、ble energy on a large scale, the fallout is going to be horrible. Instead, Ausubel argues 3 renewed development of nuclear. Ausubel draws his conclusions by analysing the amount of energy renewables, natural gas and nuclear can produce in terms of power per square metre of land used3. Moreover, he c
5、laims that as renewable energy use increases, this measure of efficiency4 will 4 as the best land for wind, biofuels, and solar power gets used up. Using biofuels to obtain the 5 amount of energy as a 1000 megawatt nuclear power plant would require 2500 square kilometres of farm 6 , Ausubel says. We
6、 should be sparing land for nature5, not using it as pasture for cars and trucks, he adds. Solar power is much more efficient than biofuel in terms of the area of land 7 , but it would still require 150 square kilometres of photovoltaic cells to 8 the energy production of the 1000 MW nuclear plant.
7、In another example, he says meeting the 2005 US electricity demand via wind power alone would need 780,000 square kilometres, an area the size of Texas. However, several experts are highly critical 9 Ausubels conclusions. John Turner of the US governments National Renewable Energy Laboratory says th
8、at 10 the US got all of its power from solar energy, it would still need less than half the amount of land that has been paved over for highways. Further, it need not 11 additional land. The US could get a quarter of its energy just from covering rooftops of 12 buildings, he says. According to Turne
9、r, the same dual use also applies to wind power6. The footprint for wind7 is only 5% of the land that it 13 . Farmers can still farm the land that the turbines are on8. Turner says looking solely at land use is an oversimplification of the 14 . Im not sure Id want to build one of these nuclear plant
10、s in Afghanistan9, but we could 15 put in wind and solar power, he adds.词汇:renewable adj. 可再生的 n. 可再生能源photovoltaic adj. 光电的rooftop n. 屋顶 biofuel n 生物燃料footprint n. 足迹,影响区域fallout n. 余波,结果turbine n. 涡轮机megawatt n. 兆瓦 pasture n. 牧场,牧地Oversimplification n. 过于简单化注释:1. if developed up to large scale pro
11、duction:如果开发达到大规模的程度。 if developed up to large scale production if (the key renewable energy sources were) developed up to large scale production2.That land would be far better left alone:保留那一片土地远比使用它为好。(be) left alone 是“别动它”的意思。如: Leave him alone. He can solve the problem himself. (不要打搅他。他自己会解决问题的。
12、)3.Ausubel draws his conclusions by analysing the amount of energy renewables, natural gas and nuclear can produce in terms of power per square metre of land used:Ausubel 用每平方公尺土地与产生的能量的比率这一方法,对可再生能源、天然气和核电厂发出多少能量进行分析,从而得出他的结论。 (that) renewables, natural gas and nuclear can produce in terms of power
13、 per square metre of land used 是定语从句,修饰 the amount of energy, 关系动词 that 省略。in terms of 是 “按照,依据”。如: We cannot measure everything in term of money. (我们不能用金钱来衡量每一件事。)4.this measure of efficiency:这种效率的值。measure 这里指“值的大小”。5.We should be sparing land for nature:我们应该将土地留给自然。spare 是“免去,免遭”。如: Call him and
14、you will spare a visit. (打个电话给他,省得自己跑一趟。)6.the same dual use also applies to wind power:同样的“双重利用土地” 也适用于风力发电7.The footprint for wind:风力发电占用的土地。footprint 在此的意思是“影响区”。wind 实际上指的是“风力发电”。8.Farmers can still farm the land that the turbines are on:农民在涡轮机占用的土地上仍然可以耕种。 Farmers can still farm the land that t
15、he turbines are on Farmers can still farm the land on which the turbines are9.Im not sure Id want to build one of these nuclear plants in Afghanistan:我确定不了我是否还想在阿富汗建立一个这样的核电厂。这是一种委婉的英语表达方式 (understatement),其真正要表达的意思是:我不想在阿富汗建立一个这样的核电厂。练习:1.A) figuresB) amountsC) numbersD) digits2.A) smallB) hugeC) l
16、ittleD) vast3.A) atB) overC) forD) against4.A) expandB) minimizeC) enlargeD) decrease5.A) sameB) similarC) alikeD) identical6.A) regionB) siteC) areaD) land7.A) leasedB) cultivatedC) usedD) purchased8.A) patchB) matchC) catchD) fetch9.A) inB) withC) ofD) on10.A) even ifB) only if .C) what ifD) as if
17、11.A) lock upB) take upC) give upD) step up12.A) toweringB) interestingC) nicelookingD) existing13.A) surroundsB) containsC) includesD) covers14.A) issueB) stuffC) summaryD) suggestion15.A) doubtfully B) supposedlyC) certainlyD) honestly答案与解析:1分析文章主题: Debate over(关于.的争论) the use(使用) of renewable(可再生
18、的) energy(能量)文章主题词:renewable energy, debate, use2. 直接解题:1.A) figures B) amounts C) numbersD) digitsAusubel of Rockefeller(洛克菲勒) University in New York(纽约), US. says the key(关键, 钥匙,答案) renewable(可再生的) energy sources(能源), including(包括) sun, wind and biofuels(生物燃料), would all(全部) require(需要,要求) vast(辽阔
19、的) 1 of land(土地,陆地, 着陆) if(they are) developed (被发展)up to large scale production (大规模生产) unlike(与.不同) nuclear power(核动力) . 1.B虽然四个选项的词 (figures 数字, 体形,考虑(figure out计算出/断定), amounts 数量, 总计,numbers 数目,digits 阿拉伯数字) 都是与数字有关的,在vast. of修饰不可数名词 land ,因此需要用 amounts。B 是答案。That land would be far(更加, 遥远的) bet
20、ter (when it is) left alone, he says. Leave.alone 不管. 2.A) small(小的, 少的)B) huge(巨大的, 极大的)C) little(很少的, 短暂的, 矮小的) D) vast(巨大的, 辽阔的, 大量的)Renewables (可再生能源)look attractive(吸引人的) when they are quite(十分, 相当) 2 . 2.A在 “Renewables look attractive when they are quite _?_. But if we start producing renewabl
21、e energy on a large scale, the fallout is going to be horrible”这两个句子之间,有个连词 But, 说明两个句子的意思相反。后一句说,如果大规模开发可再生能源,其后果十分可怕。既然 “大规模”、“可怕”,前一句填入空格的词应该与之相反。选项 A 是 small ,正符合要求,A 是答案。考点:上下文之间的意义。But(但是) if we start(开始) producing(生产) renewable energy on a large scale(大规模地) , the fallout(附带结果) is going to (将会
22、.)be horrible(可怕的). 3.A) atB) overC) forD) againstInstead(代替)(instead of using renewable energy), Ausubel argues 3 renewed(更新的,重建的) development(发展) of nuclear(核能). 3.CAusubel 是不赞成大规模开发可再生能源的。“空3”后出现 nuclear, 可以合理地推论出,这是他赞同的能源。所以要选 C 的for( argue for.(争论以支持.)。 argue over (就进行争论), argue against (争论以反对.
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