中级经济师考试《房地产专业知识与实务》重点解析农业.doc

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1、中级经济师考试房地产专业知识与实务重点解析：农业区位理论中级经济师考试：房地产经济基本理论一、杜能孤立国理论前提 只有一个城市，且是孤立国 运输工具只有马车 孤立国环境均质，且与外部隔绝 农产品的运费、重量与产地到消费市场的距离成正比 经营者以获取最大经济收益为目的 二、农业区位理论主要内容 实质：在城市周围农业区位布局的原则 1.基本经济分析： 经营者的利润为P=V-（E+T） 经营者追求利润最大化 （销售价格）和（生产成本）是常数 P+T=V-E=k 农业经营的产品和经营方式，由市场上农产品的销售价格决定 农产品的销售成本为生产成本和运输成本之和 利润最大化的唯一办法是将运费压缩为最小 通

2、过合理的农业生产布局使农业的运费最低，就能实现最大利润 2.杜能圈 自由农作区，生产易腐难运的农产品 第一圈 林业区 第二圈 谷物轮作区，生产粮食 第三圈 草田轮作区，提供谷物与畜产品 第四圈 三圃农作制区 第五圈 3. 杜能圈修正模型 河流的影响 水运费与陆运费的比较 其它城市的影响 各城市根据实力形成各自的市场范围 Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, wh

3、ile Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA.Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnleys effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day.Aussie wing

4、er Jarryd Hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight.But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.The Kiwi - with a tournament h

5、igh 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011.Id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said Williams.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayma

6、n Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For m

7、e its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.待添加的隐藏文字内容2Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordere

8、d an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as e

9、arly as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the

10、troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the

11、 tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.They blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the

12、 same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester.Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by Englands Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament.That could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked

13、- but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos focus in their games since then.They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. Theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff

14、 that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. T

15、hey have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday.The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence.They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big occasion.