车削加工毕业论文外文翻译.doc

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1、外文资料翻译TurningThe engine lathe, one of the oldest metal removal machines, has a number of useful and highly desirable attributes. Today these lathes are used primarily in small shops where smaller quantities rather than large production runs are encountered.The engine lathe has been replaced in today

2、s production shops by a wide variety of automatic lathes such as automatic of single-point tooling for maximum metal removal, and the use of form tools for finish on a par with the fastest processing equipment on the scene today.Turret Lathes Production machining equipment must be evaluated now, mor

3、e than ever before, this criterion for establishing the production qualification of a specific method, the turret lathe merits a high rating. In designing for low quantities such as 100 or 200 parts, it is most economical to use the turret lathe. In achieving the optimum tolerances possible on the t

4、urrets lathe, the designer should strive for a minimum of operations.Automatic Screw Machines Generally, automatic screw machines fall into several categories; single-spindle automatics, multiple-spindle automatics and automatic chucking machines. Originally designed for rapid, automatic production

5、of screws and similar threaded parts, the automatic screw machine has long since exceeded the confines of this narrow field, and today plays a vital role in the mass production of a variety of precision parts. Quantities play an important part in the economy of the parts machined on the automatic sc

6、rew machine. Quantities less than on the automatic screw machine. The cost of the parts machined can be reduced if the minimum economical lot size is calculated and the proper machine is selected for these quantities.Automatic Tracer Lathes Since surface roughness depends greatly on material turned,

7、 tooling , and feeds and speeds employed, minimum tolerances that can be held on automatic tracer lathes are not necessarily the most economical tolerances.In some cases, tolerances of 0.05mm are held in continuous production using but one cut . groove width can be held to 0.125mm on some parts. Bor

8、es and single-point finishes can be held to 0.0125mm. On high-production runs where maximum output is desirable, a minimum tolerance of 0.125mm is economical on both diameter and length of turn.Trace lathes are machine tools with attachments that are capable of turning parts with various contours. a

9、lso called duplicating lathes or contouring lathes, the cutting tool follows a path that duplicates the contour of the template, similar to a pencil following the shape of a plastic template used in engineering drawing. a tracer finger follows the template and, through a hydraulic or electrical syst

10、em, guides the cutting tool along the workpiece without operator intervention. operations performed on a tracer lathe have been largely replaced by numerical-control lathes and turning centers lathes have been increasingly automated over the years . manual machine controls have been replaced by vari

11、ous mechanisms that enable cutting operations to follow a certain prescribed sequence . in a fully automatic machine ,parts are fed and removed automatically ,whereas in semiautomatic machines, these functions are performed by the operator Abstract: In contrast to the manufacturing enterprises which

12、 produce pump rod joints unceasingly developing and strengthening, the original mode of production shows a lower capacity, which leads to employees high-intensity work, costliness of manufacturing and some other new problems. Providing the specific problems which enterprises encounter in their actua

13、l production processes, the problems in the development of enterprises are effectively resolved. Therefore it is essential to introduce latest technologies. The turning fixture and the feeding device of the pump rod joint can be used to realize the automatic discharging. With engine lathes transform

14、ed into computerized numerical control and pneumatic tailstocks coordinating revolving centers to use, partial automation production of pump rod joints can be realized. The working principle of a pump rod joint is to place the joint hoop bar stock into the stock bin. When the magic hand moves to the

15、 material receiving, with the help of gravity action, the bar stock automatically fall to the magic hand. When the pneumatic cylinder drives the magic hand to move to the designated location of the turning fixture, with the live center of the pneumatic tailstock automatically sent, the bar stock wil

16、l be fixed between the apex of the lathe and the live center of the pneumatic tailstock. Then the magic hand automatically returns to the charging position with a single charging action completed, and prepares for the next charging. The results show that it is technically feasible to apply the turni

17、ng fixture and the feeding device of the pump rod joint to the pump rod joint production. In the actual production process, one person can control many lathes to realize the production and the whole system also demonstrates excellent and safe performance in the operation process.The appearance of ST

18、EP-NC may be a revolution of the technological field of the numerical control, on the development and even the whole manufacturing industry of numerical control technology, will exert a far-reaching influence. First of all, STEP-NC puts forward a kind of brand-new manufacture idea, in the traditiona

19、l manufacture idea, NC processes the procedures to all concentrate on individual computer. Under the new standard, NC procedure can be dispersed on Internet; this is exactly a direction of open, networked development of numerical control technology. Secondly, STEP-NC numerical control system can als

20、o reduce and process the drawing (about 75%), process the procedure to work out the time (about 35%) and process the time (about 50%) greatly. 汉语翻译译文车削加工 普通车床作为最早的金属切削机床的一种，目前仍然有许多有用的和为人要的特性和为人们所需的特性。现在，这些机床主要用在规模较小的工厂中，进行小批量的生产，而不是进行大批量的生产。在现代的生产车间中，普通车床已经被种类繁多的自动车床所取代，诸如自动仿形车床，六角车床和自动螺丝车床。现在，设计人员已

21、经熟知先利用单刃刀具去除大量的金属余量，然后利用成型刀具获得表面光洁度和精度这种加工方法的优点。这种加工方法的生产速度与现在工厂中使用的最快的加工设备的速度相等。待添加的隐藏文字内容1六角车床 对生产加工设备来说，目前比过去更注重评价其是否具有精确的和快速的重复加工能力。应用这个标准来评价具体的加工方法，六角车床可以获得较高的质量评定。在为小批量的零件（100200件）设计加工方法时，采用六角车床是最经济的。为了在六角车床上获得尽可能小的公差值，设计人员应该尽量将加工工序的数目减至最少。自动螺丝车床 自动螺丝车床通被分为以下几种类型：单轴自动、多轴自动和自动夹紧车床。自动螺丝车床最初是被用来对

22、螺钉和类似的带有螺纹的零件进行自动化和快速加工的。但是，这种车床的用途早就超过了这个狭窄的范围。现在，它在许多种类的精密零件的大批量生产中起着重要的作用。工件的数量对采用自动螺丝车床所加工的零件的经济性有较大的影响。如果工件的数量少于1000件，在六角车床上进行加工比在自动螺丝车床上加工要经济得多。如果计算出最小经济批量，并且针对工件批量正确地选择机床，就会降低零件的加工成本。自动仿形车床，因为零件的表面粗糙度在很大程度上取决于工件材料、刀具、进给量和切削速度，采用自动仿形车床加工所得到的最小公差一定是最经济的公差。在某些情况下，在连续生产过程中，只进行一次切削加工时的公差可以达到0.05mm

23、。对于某些零件，槽宽的公差可以达到0.125mm。镗孔和休用单刃刀具进行精加工时，公差可达到0.0125mm。在希望获得最大主量的大批量生产中，进行直径和长度的车削时的最小公差值为0.125mm是经济的。多年以来,车床已经逐步自动化了.手动控制的机床已经被各种能够按照指定次序执行加工的机制取代.一部全自动的机床,产品可以全自动地被送进和装卸;然而对于半自动机床,某些功能需要人手执行. 自动车床有水平主轴或者立式主轴,但是没有后机座的可以称作卡盘式车床. 他们用于加工个别形状规则或者不规则的产品.而且拥有单一或者多个主轴的类型; 另外一种自动车床,带有自动送料的系统,把条状原料定时地送进车床加工

24、,加工完了之后从条料中切落. 自动车床适合中到高产量的生产.随着抽油杆接箍生产企业的不断发展壮大，原有的生产方式呈现出生产能力低下，工人工作强度高，制造成本高昂等一些新的问题。为了切实解决企业发展中遇到的问题，可利用抽油杆接箍车削上料装置实现自动出料，通过普通车床的数控化改造和气动尾座的配合活顶尖的使用，可以实现抽油杆接箍的半自动化生产，以解决企业在生产过程中遇到的问题。它的工作原理是先将接箍棒料放置于料仓内，当机械手运动到接料位置时，棒料由于重力作用，自动掉落到机械手中，通过气缸带动机械手运动到指定车削位置时，尾座活顶尖自动送出，将棒料固定于机床顶尖与尾座活顶尖之间，机械手自动返回装料位置，完成单次供料动作，为下次送料做准备。结果表明，抽油杆接箍车削上料装置用于抽油杆接箍生产在技术上是可行的，在实际生产过程中可以实现一人控制多台机床进行生产，整套系统在运行过程中也表现出极好的运行性能和安全性能。STEP-NC的出现可能是数控技术领域的一次革命，对于数控技术的发展乃至整个制造业，将产生深远的影响。首先，STEP-NC提出一种崭新的制造理念，传统的制造理念中，NC加工程序都集中在单个计算机上。而在新标准下，NC程序可以分散在互联网上，这正是数控技术开放式、网络化发展的方向。其次，STEP-NC数控系统还可大大减少加工图纸（约75）、加工程序编制时间（约35）和加工时间（约50）。