基于提高中学生生物科学素养的高中生物实验多元教学策略研究.doc
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1、基于提高中学生生物科学素养的高中生物实验多元教学策略研究 Tactics studies of multivariant teaching of bioexperiment Owing to improving of middle school students bio-science accomplishment ABSTRAC This research base on the idea of improving of middle school bio-science accomplishment in standard course of biology experiment draf
2、t,guided by multivariant intelligence theory, to study how to put multivariant teaching tactics experiment into practice in high school bio-teaching.This study based on the teaching material and the current level of students, through puting multivariant teaching tactics experiment into practice, to
3、realize the teaching effect and the problem remaining to be solved in teaching and to find the effective method to improv the quality learning bio-science conscientiouslyThis artical is discussed from the several aspects following:Preface: Introduce the study background, study significance and the c
4、urrent research situationSection one: The theory study of science accomplishment and bio-science accomplishment: Discuss the connotation of science accomplishment and bio-science, and construct the valuation index of bio-science accomplishmentSection two: The basic theory of bio-experiment teaching:
5、 the basic theory of middle school bio-experiment teaching is able to build a platform for contracting and realizing multivariant teaching tacticsSection three: The study of the relationship between the high school bio-experiment and the science accomplishment: to make bioexperiment and bio-science
6、accomplishment relation clear in different point of view, in order to improve bio-science accomplishment in teaching tacticsSection four: The study of multivariant teaching tactics for improving bio-science accomplishment: multivariant intelligence theory is coincident with the idea of reformation o
7、f new course for improving bio-science accomplishment; multivariant intelligence is not only the aim but also the content of teaching, and also the measure and tactics of teachingSection five: Practice and case revelation of multivariant teaching tactics for improving bio-science accomplishment: thi
8、s part is the main body of the article, mainly discuss the practice in the experimental teaching of the high school bio-teaching tactics, including the process and measure of the study, test and theinquiring result, the analysis and discuss of result and the correlative conclusion is also includedTh
9、e object of this research is the four class of sophomore in our school, divide the students into comparison group and experimental group, we teach the experimental group with multivariant teaching tactics and the comparison group in the routine way; the knowledge, ability, method , emotion attitude
10、of student is studied,the former and test result is made T-test, self-partner test and one way ANOVA taking level of significance is 0.05, so that to estimate the effect of multivariant teaching tactics for promoting high school students bio-science accomplishment. The analysis result shows no signi
11、ficant different in knowledge,the emotion attitude level between the two groups partner probability of T-test is 0.268, 0.575, respectively; The experimental group obviously precede the comparison group in T-test designs analysis, experiment method and apply scientificly partner probability of T-tes
12、t is 0.001, 0.002, 0.031, respectively, difference is come from mainly in teaching method. major students have interest in this teaching tactics very much, think that it is helpful to develop their discipline thought, and their bio-science accomplishment has had very big rise for example analysis, t
13、he ability of experiment design, and understanding and mastery to science process and methodSection six: This section mainly put forward proposals for multivariant teaching tactics in teaching target ascertaining, the content of courses choosing, and teaching process combined with the teaching pract
14、ice. The author think that teaching target ascertaining, the content of courses choosing, and teaching process are the main factors affecting the effect and target-reaching of teaching.We should ascertain the target according to the course criteria and the actual level of student in teaching, and pu
15、t teaching into practice according to concrete content;We should create circumstances and atmosphere in practicing, to encourage active thought of student , accomplish studying, help students to structure new knowledge, promote their ability, and improve bio-science accomplishment gradually.Certainl
16、y, the promoting effect of multivariant teaching tactics in experiment operation, thought and solving the actual problem etc, for high school pupils is to be studied further now the day after tomorrow Keywords: High school bio-teaching, multivariant teaching tactics, Bio-science accomplishment学位论文独创
17、性声明本人所呈交的学位论文是我在导师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。据我所知,除文中已经注明引用的内容外,本论文不包含其他个人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中作了明确说明并表示谢意。日期:作者签名: 学位论文授权使用声明 本人完全了解华东师范大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,学校有权保留学位论文并向国家主管部门或其指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版。有权将学位论文用于非赢利目的的少量复制并允许论文进入学校图书馆被查阅。有权将学位论文的内容编入有关数据库进行检索。有权将学位论文的标题和摘要汇编出版。保密的学位论文在解密后适用本规定。 学位论文作者
18、签名: 导师签名:日期: 日期: 黄雪丽教育硕士学位论文答辩委员会成员名单 姓名 职称 单位 备注 目 录 前 言1 第一章 科学素养及生物科学素养的理论研究.3 第一节 科学素养与生物科学素养的内涵.3 第二节 生物科学素养的评价.4 第二章 生物实验教学理论6 第一节 教育学原理?多元智能理论6 第二节 生物实验设计的有关原则.9 第三章 高中生物实验与科学素养的关系研究12 第一节 现行人教版实验教学目标与生物科学素养的关系.12 第二节 现行人教版实验设计与生物科学素养的关系.13 第三节 现行人教版实验内容与生物科学素养的关系.14 第四节 现行人教版实验方法与生物科学素养的关系.1
19、7 第五节 高中生物实验教学现状与生物科学素养的关系18 第四章 多元教学策略提高生物科学素养的研究.21 第一节 多元教学策略分析21 第二节 选择恰当教学策略,实现昀优的教与学的方式.24 第三节 多元教学策略提高生物科学素养的分析31 第五章 多元教学策略提高生物科学素养的实践及个案展示.39 第一节 研究过程与方法.39 第二节 测试和调查结果.59 第三节 结果分析与讨论.61 第六章 对多元教学策略实施的几点思考、建议及研究的局限.64 第一节 研究结论.64 第二节 思考与建议64 第三节 研究局限.65 结 束 语.65 附录I 策略教学实施前生物科学素养水平的调查问卷.67
20、附录II 策略教学实施后生物科学素养水平的调查问卷.71 附录 攻读学位期间发表的学术论文75 参考文献.76 致 谢.78 基于提高中学生生物科学素养的高中生物实验多元教学策略研究 前 言 世界各国都在根据时代变化纷纷进行教育改革,调整教育培养目标,对人才素质提出新的要求。基础教育课程改革纲要试行提出“以培养学生创新精神和实践能力为重点”实施素质教育。2001年教育部制订的生物课程标准提出三大理念中提高生物科学素养是排在第二位的,2003年4月教育部制订的普通高中生物课程标准(实验)中提出的四大基本理念则把提高生物科学素养提升到了第一位,并明确指出提高每个高中学生的生物科学素养是本课程标准实
21、施中的核心任务。教学改革的基本任务是构建与培养和提高科学素养相匹配的课程体系和教学模式及教学策略。 社会工作的科学化对于国民的科学素质提出了更高的要求,当今社会科学技术转化为生产力的周期越来越短,一些高科技含量的产品迅速涌入现代人的生活中,这种科学的社会化要求现代人要有较高的科学素质,才能够适应这种变化并提高自己的生活质量。因此,具备基本的科学素养,也是公民适应现代生活的需要。我国劳动者科学文化素养偏低,已成为制约中国经济发展、社会进步和国际竞争力提高的关键因素。 国民科学素质的培养应以中小学基础教育为主渠道,中小学基础教育进行的是学科教育,中学理科教育中旨在提高学生科学素养的课程理念,已成为
22、当今理科课程发展的一个共同趋势。生物学是一门实验学科,通过实验教学更有助于学生提高对科学和探索未知的兴趣,更有助于养成科学态度和科学精神,树立创新意识,更有助于学会生物科学探究的方法,更有助于培养分析和解决实际问题的能力以及交流与合作的能力。也就是生物实验教学更有助于提高生物科学素养。 中国科协在20世纪90年代初借鉴国际通用的测试公众科学素养的指标体系和方法,于 1992、1994、1996、 2001、2003 和 2005 年进行了六次全国范围(不包括香港、澳门和台湾)的中国公众科学素养调查。2003 年我国公众的科学素养水平达到1.98%,比2001年的1.4%增长了约0.6个百分点,
23、比 1996 年的 0.2%提高了约 1.8 个百分点。我国公众科学素养的发展虽然出现了逐步增长的趋势。但与发达国家相比,我国仍处于落后地位。2000年美国公众达到基本科学素养水平的比例为17%;1992年欧共体公众科学素养水平已经达到5%;1989年加拿大公众科学素养已经达到4%;日本在1991年已经达到 3%。2001年,欧盟15国、美国、日本都进行了对本国公民的科学素养的调查。对科学知识调查共同采用的 11 个测试题目进行比较,瑞典排在1第一位,将近 73%的瑞典国民对这些科学技术观点达到了解的程度。其他达到 60%以上比例的国家有 8 个:荷兰、丹麦、芬兰、美国、英国、法国、意大利和奥
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