激励机制论文.doc
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1、浅析我国民营企业员工激励制度专业:国际经济与贸易(国际商务方向)班级:2008级国际商务班目 录摘 要4引 言91民营企业激励机制的含义及其重要性81.1民营企业的内涵111.2激励机制的内涵121.3激励机制的重要性131.3.1激励机制是调动员工生产积极性、增强企业内聚力的重要手段131.3.2激励机制有利于提高员工的素质、提高企业绩效141.3.3激励机制有利于实现企业目标、保证企业可持续发展142我国民营企业员工激励机制现状153我国民营中小企业员工激励存在的主要问题及原因163.1 缺乏有效的个体激励机制163.2 激励形势单一,漠视对员工深层次的激励173.3 激励措施针对性不强,
2、结构不合理173.4 对激励机制理解不正确、机制不配套、不平衡183.5“以人为本”思想缺乏,人力资源管理理念薄弱183.6未建立健全优秀的企业文化183.7 沟通反馈渠道不畅通194民营企业员工激励机制改进对策和建议204.1 有效建立公司的激励和考核制度204.2 有效实施激励政策的关键是“三位一体”214.3 加强企业文化建设,为激励机制建立良好的文化环境234.4 建立沟通与反馈机制234.5.推广实施全面薪酬战略234.6 有效实施激励的手段、方法和技巧244.6.1薪酬福利激励244.6.2股权激励254.6.3环境激励264.6.4事业激励264.6.5感情激励26结束语28致谢
3、29参考文献30摘 要中国民营企业经历了20多年坎坎坷坷走到今天,碰到许许多多相似的问题:多元化陷阱,营销至上论的崩溃,换帅问题,分家问题,制度缺失问题等。一些企业消失了,一些企业走过艰难,又碰到新的问题。目前,民营企业谈得最多的莫过于“人才问题”,而热点中的热点应该是“如何建立合理的激励机制”了。造成这种情况的原因,首先是因为大多数民营企业过于依赖组织中的管理制度和管理程序来约束员工完成的任务,为此甚至延长劳动时间而不计加班报酬,或者剥夺员工公休假的权利,造成员工内动力不足,积极性不高;在激励手段的运用上,通常只采用加薪方法,认为只要员工的薪酬提高了就可最大限度地发挥其潜能,而没有考虑员工的
4、精神等高层次需求。其次是由于体制、历史和文化等诸多原因,我国行政组织的人事管理仍然没有摆脱传统人事管理观念的影响,没有真正地树立“以人为本”的管理思想。只重视物质的奖惩,忽视了对人的重视和尊重,忽视了人是管理之本,忽视满足民营企业员工自我价值的需要,必然导致一批有才华、有抱负的民营企业员工离开队伍。然后是因为在我国民营企业员工对企业缺乏一种认同感,将自己视作为企业打工,没有一种主人翁的态度,“做一天和尚,撞一天钟”,工作没有动力,没有积极性。企业文化的不足,又使企业部门内部,部门之间缺少凝聚力,企业部门人心涣散,遵循“事不关己,高高挂起”的办事方针,部门之间互相推委、扯皮。企业文化是全体员工认
5、同的共同价值观,是企业吸引人才、留住人才的有效手段。企业文化建设流于形式,没有形成具有特色和具有向心力的文化,员工的积极性受到很大影响。最后是因为由于企业各种工作分工的固有特点,部门与部门之间以及同部门不同办公室之间的民营企业员工可能很少有经常见面的机会,而且上级与下级之间无法频繁交流。在工作生活中的其他问题难以得到及时解决时,民营企业员工就很有可能将所发生的牢骚、抱怨、不满情绪带到工作中,从而影响其工作效率。根据上诉情况和原因,本文认为完善民营企业员工激励机制,必须从以下几点出发。首先建立有效的公司激励和考核制度。绩效评估也是企业的一个重要激励手段,但许多民营企业却忽略了这一点,俗话说“无规
6、矩不成方圆”,民营企业建立必要的人力资源管理制度,在工作分析的基础上,结合自身特点设置岗位,明确岗位职能与责任。其次,要把“三位一体”的理论深入每个员工心中,并且要善于运用“换位、定位、到位”。一旦需要有了明确的目标,就会立即转化为动机,从而激发人们去行动。然后是建立一个所有民营企业员工共同信守的基本信念、价值标准、职业道德及精神风貌,以此提高公务员民营企业员工工作的积极性和主动性,增强民营企业员工的主人翁精神、团队协作精神和企业部门的凝聚力,使民营企业员工的潜能得到最大限度的挖掘,在极强的创新精神的鼓舞下创造性地开展工作,各种企业资源得到最佳配置、效用得到最好发挥。 最后是建立一种制度化和非
7、制度化相结合的沟通与反馈机制。机制上的灵活性是民营企业的优势,但同时,规范化不足又是民营企业的最大欠缺。规范有序,可以减少组织“能量”的浪费,灵活、人性化可以增强组织的内在动力。规范与灵活的结合,应当成为人力资源管理和激励工作的追求目标。关键词:民营中小型企业;激励机制;激励现状;激励问题分析;解决方案AbstractPrivate enterprises in China for more than 20 years experience KanKanKeKe go today, met many, many similar question: diversified trap, marke
8、ting of instrumentalism collapse, change handsome problems, family problems, system lack problem, etc. Some enterprise disappear, some enterprise through difficult, and meet new problems. At present, the private enterprise is the most talked about talent problem, and the hot hot should is how to est
9、ablish the reasonable incentive mechanism.Cause why this is the case, first, because most of the private enterprise reliance on the tissue of the management system and management procedures to restrain employees do task, so, even extend the work time regardless of the overtime pay, or deprivation of
10、 employees of the same public holidays right, in employees powered within, enthusiasm is not high, In the means of incentive utilization, usually only use a raise method, think that as long as the employees pay increased can maximize their potential, without taking into account the needs of employee
11、s of the spirit of high level.Second is due to system, history and culture, and many other reasons, Chinas administrative organization of personnel management is still not get rid of the traditional personnel management ideas, not really set up the people-oriented management idea. Only to take the m
12、aterial rewards and punishment, ignored the people recognition and respect, and ignore people is the management, ignore meet privately operated enterprise employees of self-worth and need, is bound to lead to a group of talented and ambitious private enterprise employees to leave.And then in private
13、 enterprises in China because of a lack of enterprise staff sense, seen as enterprise works, not a master attitude, for a day monk, a day into the clock, work no power, no enthusiasm. The shortage of the enterprise culture, and make the enterprise internal departments, lack of cohesion between depar
14、tments, enterprise department low morale, follow the thing is none of himself, and the high hang up the offices of policy, the department had each other and disputes over trifles. Enterprise culture is the identity of all the staff of common values, is the enterprise to attract talents and keep tale
15、nts effective means. Enterprise culture construction form now, did not form characteristic and have the culture of the centrifugal force, the enthusiasm of the employees badly affected.The last is because of the division of work the enterprise inherent characteristics, the department and between dif
16、ferent departments and with department of office of private enterprise between employees may have few often opportunity, and the frequent communication between with the lower cannot. The other problem in work and life is hard to get timely solve, the private enterprise employees are likely to have h
17、appened, complaints, complaints discontent to work, which affect the work efficiency.According to the situation and cause an appeal, this paper argues that perfect private enterprise employees incentive mechanism, must start from the following points. First to establish an effective incentive and as
18、sessment system of the company. Performance evaluation of enterprise is also an important means of incentive, but many private enterprise but ignore this, common saying says no rules no fangyuan, the private enterprise to establish the necessary human resources management system, in the work on the
19、basis of analysis, according to its own characteristics set position, make clear the function and position responsibility.Second, to put the trinity of each employee heart deeply theory, and should be good at using conversion, orientation and in place. Once the need to have a clear aim, would immedi
20、ately into motive, arouse people to action.Then is to establish a private enterprise staff to keep all the basic belief, value standard, professional morality and spiritual world, and improve enterprise employees of private civil servants working enthusiasm and initiative and enhance the master spir
21、it of private enterprise employees, team cooperation spirit and enterprise department cohesion, private of employees get maximum mining, in strong innovation spirit inspiring work creatively in, all kinds of enterprise resources to get the best configuration, and get the best play to utility.The las
22、t is to establish a systematic and the institutionalization of combining communication and feedback mechanism. Mechanism of flexibility on the private enterprise is the advantage, but at the same time, standardization is the largest private enterprise insufficient lack. An orderly, can reduce organi
23、zation energy waste, flexible, human nature can enhance the inner motive power of organization. The combination of the standard and flexible, should become the human resources management and incentive work pursue goal.Keywords:Small and medium-sized private enterprises; Incentive mechanism; Incentiv
24、e the present situation; Incentive problem analysis; solutions引 言中国改革开放二十多年以来,民营经济得到了迅速发展,已成为国民经济发展、促进市场繁荣和社会稳定的重要力量。1978市场取向改革的初期,民营企业大多是依靠辛苦打拼,善于抓住时机建立起来的。但随着国有企业改革的深入,市场经济体制的不断完善,加入WTO后“国民待遇”的实施,民营企业的发展环境发生了巨大的变化,各种新问题的不断出现影响了民营企业的健康发展。导致这些问题出现的原因是多方面的,企业激励机制是一个重要方面。如何提高企业竞争力,使民企企业稳定健康的发展,然而竞争力的提
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