与用法区别生前一般用课件.pptx

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1、,eminent与famous用法区别 生前,一般用eminent。He is an eminent scientist.生后,一般用famous。He was a famous scientist.,1,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,2,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,find ones way to（into）设法赶到,到达,3,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,it is a thing,that“it”是 formal subject（形式主语）后面that引导的定语从句（thing的定语从句）是real subject。这种句型用于强调句中的某一成分。,4,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,例

2、句：It was Xiao Yang who（或that）met your sister in the zoo yesterday.It was your sister that（或whom）Xiao Yang met in the zoo yesterday.,5,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,It was in the zoo that（不用where）Xiao Yang met your sister yesterday.It was yesterday that（不用when）Xiao Yang met your sister in the zoo.,6,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,

3、provoke 的 synonym（同义词）trigger（扳机）（off）spawn（鱼等的产卵,酿成）induce（引诱）give rise to/touch off/bring about,7,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,tilt的用法:1.at full tilt 全速地,用力地。2.run full tilt into sb.与某人撞个满怀。3.have a tilt at sb.攻击某人,奚落某人。,8,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,1.make good its claim 实现（意图,诺言）2.make good a loss 补偿损失 3.成功,发达,9,谢谢欣赏,2019

4、-7-13,Amidst（=Amid）与among的区别:amid(st)后接单数名词,并带有“被包围”之意,如:stand amid(st)the crowd 但是也有amid(st)enemies/dangers。among后接三个或三个以上的人或物,即复数名词。如:among ones friends。,10,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,command no pause for 没有时间,无暇顾及做某事,11,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,speculation speculate的用法 1.speculate on/upon/about 思索,沉思2.speculate in sto

5、cks 投机,12,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,portentous portent n.1.预兆,不祥之兆 2.奇怪的事物 a.3.自大的,自命不凡的,13,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,studiously 1.study 2.studio（艺术家的）工作室,播音室,电影制片厂,14,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,to be of great（little）moment 很（不很）重要,15,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,n.superintendence superintend vi.vt.supervision supervise overseer oversee 监工,监督n.,1

6、6,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,intelligence 智力,理解力,聪明 intelligence quotient（略作I.Q.智商）quotient 数 商,17,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,aptitude 自然倾向have an aptitude for 有习性,18,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,masterful的用法:1.好支配人的;如:speak in a masterful manner以专横的态度讲话。2.熟练的;如:write in master English。,19,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,care 作“谨慎”解,同义词:prudent,cautious

7、,circumspect（周到,慎重）（circum：绕,周；spect 观点）,20,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,crooked crook n.钩子,弯曲 crooked stick 弯柄手杖,21,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,sinecurist sinecure n.闲职,22,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,manifestly manifest manifest vt.表明,证明;a.明白的,明了的;manifesto 宣言,声明;manifestation n.表明,表示。,23,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,susceptible（1）a.敏感的 be susceptible

8、 to cold 容易感冒（2）表语 容许的,可以的 be susceptible of doing sth.容许,可以做某事。,24,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,alike a.表语 相同,相像。He and his brother are alike in many ways.ad.同样地 treat all men alike 一视同仁 提示:本句中,副词修饰名词时的alike位置。,25,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,temper 1.v.煅造,回火；锻炼。在本句中作“经历着”解。2.n.性格,脾气 She has a good temper.她脾气好。3.vt.调节,调剂 The

9、sea tempers the climate.海洋调节气候。,26,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,asperity n.1.粗糙 2.（性格,语言）粗暴 speak with asperity 严厉地说,27,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,3.常用复 气候的严酷,艰苦的条件。the asperities of northern winter 北方冬季的严寒an exchange of asperities 对骂,28,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,1.soas to 如此 以至于 例句：He was so angry as to be unable to speak.2.本句中,so to

10、do sth as to do sth 是变形,可译为:由于,以至于 本段倒数第七行一句,可证明是原句型的变形。,29,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,sweeten vt.使变甜,使温柔,使清洁,使新鲜;改善的条件。,30,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,opportunely opportune（opportunity 机会）1.（时间）适宜的;You have arrived at a most opportune moment.你来得正是时候。2.（行动）及时,适时;an opportune rain 及时雨。,31,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,undertakings n.1.企业,事

11、业,任务;2.承担,许诺,保证;3.殡仪业。,32,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,render vt.1.提出,提供 2.使得,使变为 Illness had rendered him rather weak.3.render（up）a city 放弃一个城市,33,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,indispensable 1.必不可少;Air is indispensable to life.2.不可推卸,责无旁贷;an indispensable obligation 本句中,此词组意为“贫困者对勤劳者的依赖性”。,34,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,despotic despot n.暴

12、君,专制君主,35,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,dispense withdispense 1.分配（施舍物品）2.执行 3.免除,豁免 to be dispensed with 被免除。在本句中,引申的意思为:摆脱,不能 被摆脱,增加了民众对政府的依赖性。,36,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,remunerative remuneration 报酬 remunerate vt.酬劳,酬谢。,37,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,as pron.这一点。例句：He was absent,as is often the case.,38,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,transatlantic

13、a.大西洋彼岸的n.大西洋彼岸的人trans:前缀:跨越,横过,从一边到另一边,39,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,This for reasons which I shall=I shall try to make clear the reasons for this.因此文原为威尔逊在大学的一个演讲稿,口语化。,40,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,substitute substitute staple fibre for cotton A B 用人造棉代替棉花 此句，相当于:substitute popular control for absolute rulers,41,谢谢欣赏,20

14、19-7-13,subserve vt.辅助,促进 subservience n.subservient a.,42,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,weal 福利,幸福,好运道 share weal and woe 同甘共苦 哀叹,苦恼,43,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,stein 施太（泰）因 普鲁士首相,1807年主持“施太因改革”。内容包括:宣布废除农民对地主的人身依附,给城市一定的自治;改革行政机构;加强中央集权等。,44,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,herald n.传令官;先驱;预言者。vt.预示的来临;通报,宣布,欢呼。,45,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,inaugurat

15、e 1.宣布开始;2.为举行就职典礼;inaugurate a president 3.为举行开幕式,落成典礼,通车典礼等。,46,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,civil machinery 文官机构 a.civil:1.公民的；civil rights 公民权 2.国内的；the Civil War 3.有礼貌的,文明的；civil society 文明社会 4.民事的；a civil code 民法,47,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,embark embark on a ship 上船,上飞机。embark in a new undertaking 开始做。,48,谢谢欣赏,2019-

16、7-13,shrewd a.精明的,伶俐的,机灵的;a shrewd eye 敏锐的目光 a shrewd answer 机敏的回答 shrewd bargaining 精明的讨价还价 凛冽的,剧烈的;a shrewd wind 凛冽的寒风 a shrewd pain 剧痛,49,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,destine 1.命中注定的:The enemys attempt is destined to fail（或to failure）2.预定,指定:These ships are destined for Shanghai.Xiao Ming was originally destin

17、ed to the bar.小明的父母起初想叫小明去学当律师。,50,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,sagacity saga 中世纪北欧的英雄传奇 sagacious a.,51,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,They can agree upon nothing simple.=The cant agree upon anything simple.,52,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,It is a part of political life only as the methods as conj.（1）后接名词，例:as white as snow ad.conj.（2）后接句子，例

18、:Run as fast as you can.,53,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,bid 是不规则动词,过去式两种bade,bid;过去分词两种bidden,bid.1.祝贺,表示:（过去式用bade）bid sb.good morning 祝某人早安 bid farewell to sb.向某人告别 2.命令,吩咐（过去式用bade）He bade me(to)come in.他叫我进去。,54,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,3.（拍卖中的）喊/出（价）过去式,过去分词都用bid.4.打桥牌时的叫（牌）过去式,过去分词都用bid.,55,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,译文:那些仅仅对可能

19、正在变化的目的作为手段起作用的问题,这种变化便于理智地适应具体情况（已加）。,56,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,consist consist in 存在于 consist of 由组成 consist with 与相一致,57,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,“Liberty no more consists in easy functional movement than”的译文:“就像智力存在于自在和活力之中,它驱使着一个强健的人的肢体,运动不息,自由存在于顺畅的政府职能的运转之中。”,58,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,if only 1.可用于真实条件句；也可用于虚拟 语气。2.If

20、引导的虚拟条件句,to be用were,不管主语什么人称;If引导的真实条件句,to be可用原 形,也可用to be不同形式。,59,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,3.本句中的If only it be not irresponsible,属于由if引导的真实条件句中,to be可用原形。4.以下各句中“if it be”均为真实条件句,to be用原形。,60,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,remissness remiss a.1.疏忽,粗心,不负责任,懈怠 be remissness in ones duties,61,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,That was very remi

21、ss of you.你那样做太粗心大意了。remissness discipline 松懈的纪律 2.无精打采,懒洋洋,62,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,选民对文官的行政监督公共行政的难题,63,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,sluggish a.懒散,缓慢,萧条 a sluggish market 萧条的市场,64,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,meddlesome meddle a.好干涉的,爱管闲事的。meddle v.1.干涉,干预 Dont meddle in the internal affairs of other countries.2.乱弄 Dont meddle with

22、 the clock.,65,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,apt to apt a.1.恰当,贴切 an apt example 适当的例子 an apt remark 恰当的评语,66,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,2.聪明,灵巧 be apt at sth.善于做某事 3.有倾向的,容易的:Iron is apt to rust.铁容易生锈。,67,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,nuisance n.1.损害。relieve the nuisance of fumes（烟雾）from factories.2.讨厌的人或事:What a nuisance!真讨厌!,68,谢谢欣赏,2019

23、-7-13,afoot ad.1.徒步 2.在进行中 The work is well afoot.工作在顺利进行中。,69,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,respectability 1.有社会地位 2.respectabilities 习俗 the respectabilities of social life 社会生活的各种习俗,70,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,impart vt.1.传递,传授：impart knowledge to sb.2.告示,透露：impart sth.to sb.,71,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,competent a.1.有能力的,能胜任的 be c

24、ompetent for teaching be competent to the task be competent to do sth.,72,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,2.足够的:competent knowledge 3.有法定资格的 the competent authorities 主管当局 4.应该做的,被许可的 It was competent to him to leave.他当时离开是对的。,73,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,foster vt.1.养育,抚养:foster a child 2.培养,促进,鼓励:foster the skill for 3.抱有（希望

25、等）。foster hopes for success,74,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,creak vi.嘎吱作响 The door opened with a creak.,75,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,buzz vi.（蜜蜂）嗡嗡作响，（机器）隆隆作响。,76,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,bigoted bigot n.固执的人,抱偏见的人 bigotry n.固执,偏见,77,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,domineer vi.domineer over 作威作福,盛气凌人地对待,高耸。vt.对飞扬跋扈,78,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,the points of vie

26、w 几个观点 a point of view 一个观点,79,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,from my point of view 按照我的观点,在我看来 from the point of view of 从的角度/方面来看,80,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,apt a.1.聪明,灵巧。He is apt to learn.他善于学习。He is apt at languages.他善于学语言。,81,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,2.恰当,贴切:an apt remark 恰当的话。3.有倾向的:Iron is apt to rust.铁容易生锈。,82,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13

27、,adept a.n.熟练,内行.be adept in(at)sth.(figures)善于算计,83,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,bold a.1.大胆 2.莽撞,冒失 3.醒目的,粗大的:a bold handwriting 粗体字,84,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,apprehension n.1.理解,领悟 2.apprehensions（常用复）恐惧,担心,忧虑,挂念。,85,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,contrivance n.（发明,设计;人为的修饰）contrive v.1.发明,设计;2.设法做到:Can you contrive to be there by si

28、x?（contrive=manage）,86,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,virtue n.美德,善行;有点,长处;效能,效力,功效。by（或in）virtue of 依靠的力量;凭借。,87,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,prefer prefer sth.to sth.（后接名词）prefer to do sth.rather than to do sth.,88,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,closet n.密室;衣柜;盥洗室。a.私下的;闭门造车的,空谈的。vt.be closeted with sb.与某人密谈。,89,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,yet ad.1.还是,仍然（

29、多用在否定句中）They have not started yet.他们还没有出发。2.已经（往往用在问句中）Is everything ready yet?一切都已经准备好了吗?,90,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,3.但是,然而 This article，which seems too long,is yet quite inspiring.注:作“但是,然而”之意时,可作conj.=however,91,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,4.用在形容词比较级前,表示“更”，如：a yet easier task 一项更容易的工作 an easier task 一向比较容易的工作 注意相关用法

30、:yet once=once more 再一次 yet again 再一次,92,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,5.与形容词的最高级连用,表示“至今最”,如：This is the biggest underground lake yet discovered.6.连也,如：He did not come,nor yet write.连信也不写;比仅用nor更强调。,93,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,ingratiating ingratiate vt.使讨好,使巴结,使迎合 ingratiate oneself with sb.=ingratiate oneself into sbs fa

31、vor 讨好某人,94,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,obeisance n.1.敬礼（用鞠躬,屈膝礼来表示的）2.致敬 do(make,pay)obeisance to sb,95,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,sober a 1.清醒的,未喝醉的,饮食有度的;2.适度的,有节制的;3.严肃,庄重的;,96,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,4.不夸大,不渲染的;5.理智的,合理的;6.（衣着）朴素的。in sober garments,97,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,sustenance sustain vt.1.支撑;2.供养,维持,如：sustain a family 3.遭受,如：s

32、ustain losses,98,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,4.经受住,如:He couldnt sustain such a shock.（shock:震惊）5.证明,如:These facts sustain the theory.,99,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,“first the confederation of parts”本句中,“confederation”理解为国际间的联盟;,100,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,先是像英联邦那样的国际间联盟;最后是一些主要国家自己之间的联盟。（这些主要国家如美,英,法等,均有自己的殖民地体系,即像是联邦那样,如法兰西共同体）。以20世纪初“国际联盟”出现为例证。,101,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,102,谢谢欣赏,2019-7-13,