新指导英语人教选修六ppt课件.pptx

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1、Section Grammar,一,二,一、阅读下面的句子,指出它们是陈述语气、祈使语气还是虚拟语气1.He said he would come to see me if he had time.()2.It seems as if it is going to rain.()3.Never leave the mistakes to tomorrow.()4.How I wish I could paint as well as a professional artist!()5.He would come to the party if he did not have to work.(

2、)6.Shed have been lost but for you.()7.Dont cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.()8.Youll feel as if you were at home while here.(),陈述语气,陈述语气,祈使语气,虚拟语气,虚拟语气,虚拟语气,祈使语气,虚拟语气,一,二,二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.It(be)my mothers birthday today.I wish I(celebrate)it with my family,but I(have)classes all da

3、y long.2.Miss Zhao(be)not here.If she(be),she(help)me with the trouble.3.If he(meet)her earlier,he(fall)in love with her.4.The shadow falling in the water seems as if the moon(be)truly there.5.Without the new technique,we(be)able to see so many great masterpieces of this period.6.If only he(remember

4、)to send that letter.,is,celebrated,have,is,were,would help,had met,would have fallen,were,would not be,had remembered,虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood(1)一、语气的分类英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。1.陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)用来陈述事实或询问事情,用于陈述句、疑问句或感叹句中。I went to the theatre yesterday.我昨天去了剧院。What a

5、wonderful scene it is!这是多么精彩的场面啊!2.祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)是表达直接命令或请求的语气或表示禁止、许可或任何其他类的劝告。Let s go.我们走吧。Don t touch anything on the table until the bell rings.在铃声响之前不要碰桌子上的任何东西。,3.虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,甚至与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。看下面这两个句子:He is busy no

6、w.If he were free,he would go with you.他现在很忙。如果他有空的话,他会和你一起去的。I wish I could go to the movie with you tonight,but I have to finish my homework then.但愿今晚能够和你一起看电影,但是我必须得完成作业。第1个句子中的“忙碌”是现在的事实,这样后面句子中的“有空”则是与现在事实相反的假设,所以“和你一起去”也与现在事实相反。因此,if从句的谓语用一般过去式were(be动词的过去式一般用were),而主句的谓语用“would+动词原形”。,第2个句子中的

7、主句的谓语是wish,从后面but表示的转折的意义来看,“今晚能够和你一起看电影”是不现实的,所以从句的谓语用“could+动词原形”。,二、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,体会句子构成虚拟语气的方式。Had you asked me,I would have told you.如果你问我,我会告诉你的。If it had rained last night,the ground would be wet now.要是昨晚下过雨的话,现在地面就会是湿的。But for your advice,I would have lost the chance.要不是你的建议,我就

8、失去这个机会了。,归纳 1.在if引导的虚拟语气的句子中,当从句谓语中有were/had/should时,可将if省略,而将were/had/should 提前。如:If I were you,I would grasp the chance of studying abroad.=Were I you,I would grasp the chance of studying abroad.翻译:如果我是你的话,我会抓住去国外学习的机会。2.错综时间虚拟条件句。即条件从句与主句的动作所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句则指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时

9、态做相应的调整。如:If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.从句与过去相反,用过去完成时,而主句与现在相反用would be。翻译:如果我在学校刻苦学习了的话,我现在也是一名工程师了。,3.含蓄条件句中条件从句不表现出来,而是借助介词短语、副词、连词等表达出来,如用without,but for,or else,otherwise来连接句子时,要用虚拟语气。如:Without enough rain,there wouldn t be good harvest for us.翻译:没有足够的雨水,我们就不会有好的收成。

10、,三、虚拟语气在wish的宾语从句中的用法1.表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用动词过去式;2.表示过去没有实现的愿望,从句的谓语用“had+过去分词”;3.表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用“would/could/might+动词原形”。I wish I got more letters.我真希望我收到更多的信。We wish you had come to our New Year s party.我们真希望你当时来参加我们的新年联欢会。I wish you would stay a little longer.我希望你再待一会儿。,考点延伸 if only(要是 就好了)与 I w

11、ish一样,也用于表示与事实相反的愿望,其后所接虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同。另外,if only 通常独立使用,没有主句。If only she had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了!,四、虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中的用法在以as if/as though引导的表语从句或状语从句中,表示现在情况时谓语用动词过去式,表示过去情况时谓语用“had+过去分词”。He acts as if he knew me.他表现得像认识我似的。He talks as if he had been abroad.他说起话来好像

12、曾经出过国。They treat me as though I were a stranger.他们待我如陌生人。不过,as if/as though引导的从句如果是事实或可能性很大时,多用陈述语气,特别是在句型“It looks as if./It seems as if.”中,用陈述语气较常见。如:It seems as if the teacher is not satisfied with our performance.看起来好像老师对我们的表现不满意。,一,二,一、单句改错(每个句中有一个错误)1.If I haven t got up late,I would have got

13、to school on time.答案：haven t hadn t2.If I speak Chinese,I would go to China,but I know nothing about the language.答案：speak spoke3.If I could fly,I will travel around the world.答案：will would4.I wish you are the first reader if I finish my book some day.答案：are were5.He wishes he can be admitted to thi

14、s famous university.答案：can could,一,二,6.There was a heavy traffic,or I will have been here on time.答案：will would7.I got the first place in the competition,but without her help,I wouldn t succeeded.答案：wouldn t后加have8.She has no child,so she treats me as if I am her own child.答案：am were,一,二,二、变式训练1.I w

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