[毕业设计精品]酸奶工厂设计.doc
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1、摘要酸奶历史悠久,它是以各种乳为原料,经乳酸菌发酵而成的产品。随着上世纪九十年代末开始,我国牛奶行业飞速发展,平均年增长率达到30%,酸奶的增长也是突飞猛进,各企业为了占领市场,都迅速增加工厂和设备以求提高产品产量来满足市场。由于我国牛奶行业的基础薄弱,技术装备和生产水平都处于比较落后的状态,在酸奶工厂的扩建过程中很工厂生产工艺设计基本都是简单的复制老工厂的生产,对于各生产工艺参数设定、设备配置、自动化水平、CIP清洗等都没有系统的进行分析和设计,其将会给实际生产带来各种各样的生产隐患,随着企业品牌和无形资产逐渐提高,对产品的质量和食品安全的要求将会越来越高,因此产品质量是企业的第一竞争力,生
2、产高质量的产品是企业发展的基础。目前,很多工厂都过多关注初期投资,很少关注于工厂的实际运行成本,随着市场竞争的日益激烈,原材料、能源等价格的不断上升,实际运行成本将直接决定产品的竞争力,现在中央高度重视并己部署的加强节约型社会建设的目标,都要求企业将提高产品质量,降低生产消耗作为最重要的任务来进行。国家也将通过价格机制、税收等政策引导来支持各行业的节能环保生产,因此高质量的产品和节能环保型的工厂是现在企业新建工厂重点考虑的方向。酸奶工厂设计目前国内设计部门还没有专门的研究,尤其是如何生产高品质产品还没有相关的经验,尤其在生产工艺、自动化控制等方面存在着比较大的脱节,因此现在设计部门仅仅进行土建
3、、通风、照明以及水电气冷等公用能源的设计,而生产工艺、设备选型、现场安装、自动化系统等核心的部分由国外供应商完成,因此很少有国内企业自己完成比较大的项目,这样给国内的乳品发展造成缺乏核心技术,简单依赖于进口的局面,要提高自身的技术水平,就需要研究基础的方法,掌握乳品加工的核心技术。另外,由于在国外各种能源的价格和劳动力的价格昂贵,国外在能源消耗、环保和自动化水平方面都要比国内有很大的领先,这正是需要学习提高的地方。高品质酸奶将具体表现在产品风味、组织状态、外观以及微生物等几个方面。以国内的消费习惯来看,产品风味较浓郁芳香、奶香明显,粘稠度较高,细腻、滑爽以及含有较多活性乳酸菌的产品更加能够满足
4、消费者的需求。本设计将围绕着生产奶香明显、酸奶风味浓郁,具有较高粘稠度、细腻滑爽,通过乳酸菌发酵的高品质酸奶,结合最佳的生产工艺,同时节能降耗、关注环保,采用部分节能设计和设备,设计一个高品质酸奶的全自动化、节能、环保型工厂,目前根据市场需求,企业通常在日产300500吨或以上的工厂采用自动化的方式进行,并且该产量能够满足城市型冷链产品分销的产量,因此本论文将以日产300吨酸奶为设计基础进行设计。关键词:高品质酸奶、节能、自动化工厂设计AbstractYoghurt has a long history. It is a kind of milk,made of variety milk fe
5、rmented by lactobacillus.As beginning at the end of 1990s, milk industry in China develops rapidly, the average annual growth is rate of 30%. Also the growth of yoghurt is very fast .In order to Capture the Market, many enterprises increase equipments to improve output to meet market.As the foundati
6、on of Chinese milk industry is very weak,technical equipment and production level are in a baekward state.All yoghurt factories in the expansion process made a simpl copy of the old factories production.It has no systematic analysis and design for the production proeess pamameters set,equipment conf
7、iguration,the level of automation and CIP clening .It will be brought to hidden dangers in the aetual production.As the corporate brand and intangible assets gradually inereaseit will be inereasingly high in the product quality and food safety requirements,so produet quality is the first competitive
8、ness in enterprise and high- quality products is the basis for enterpise development.At present, many faetories have too much concen about the initial investlnent,and little attention to the actual running costs. With the incresaingly fierce maket competition raw materials and energy prices rising,t
9、he aetual operating costs will direetly determine the eompetitivenes of their products.The central authority demands to build a conservation-oriented social,so it will require enterprises to improve product quality,but lower production eonsumption.States will also guide the industry to support the p
10、roduction of ennegy-saving environmental protection by price mechanism and taxation policy.it is the new derection of hing-quality,enegy-saving and environment-friendly products of the plants to consider.Yoghurt plants of design has not yet specialized research in the domestic design sector now,in p
11、articlar,do not have the experiences how to produce high quality products,especialy there is a relatively large out of touch in the production process and automatic control. So now design sectors just design in the civil engineering,veniilation, lighting and energy utilities, but the core parts come
12、 from foreign suppliers,such as produetion proeesses,equipment selection,on-site installation, automation systems.So very few domestic enierprises have completed their relatively large projects.It makes a lack of core technology and just reliance on imports in domestic dairy development.To improve t
13、heir technological level it based on the need to study the way to capture the heart of dairy processing teehnology.Inaddition,since he foreign keep ahead than the domestic in energy consumption,environmental protection,it is the need to study and improve to us.High-quality yoghurt product incanate c
14、oncretely in style, organization,and look and mircrooganisms, and other aspects. To the domestic consumption habits, the products of milk flavor, highet viscosity, deliate, smooth and contain more activity lactic acid bactria is more popular.This paper will focus on hing-quality yoghurt of milk flav
15、or, higher viseosity,delieate, smooth and lactic acid baeteria fermentation, which combining the best of production teehnology,energy- saving,environmental coneerns,and design a hihg quality yoghurt-wide automation, enegy-saving and enviroment-friendly plant .accordng to the current market demand,en
16、terprises usually use automation manner in daily output of 300 to 500 tons and the output can also ,meet a frozen products chain in a city, so this paper will design based on the daily output of 300 tons of yoghurt.Keyword: hing-quality yoghurt, enengy-saving, automatic plant design目录摘要! Abstract!第一
17、章 绪论11.1酸奶工厂背景介11.2概况11.3课题意义及内容第二章工艺流程设计2.1产品方案42.2设计标准42.2.1工厂输入和输出42.2.3原材料82.2.4GMP对车间作业区域的要求122.3工艺流程设计132.3.1收奶系统132.3.2混料系统142.3.3杀菌系统202.3.4发酵剂系统242.3.5发酵系统302.3.6待装系统332.3.7就地清洗系统(CIP) 332.3.8热水系统392.3.9节能系统39第三章物料衡算及能量衡算413.1物料衡算413.2能量衡算423.2.1冰水耗量423.2.2蒸气耗量433.2.3其他电力、压缩空气等耗量44第四章设备选型及工
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