《查泰莱夫人的情人》中劳伦斯的人性观.doc

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1、查泰莱夫人的情人中劳伦斯的人性观Lawrences View on Humanity in Lady Chatterleys LoverAbstract: This thesis is about Lawrences view on humanity in his most controversial novel Lady Chatterleys Lover. Once this novel was considered as pornography because Lawrences frank treatment of sex and the description of the rela

2、tionship between the sexes. The paper is to prove his view on humanity in his novel from three aspects: an analysis of the setting of the novel; an analysis of the characters; and an analysis of the male and female relationship. Through Lady Chatterleys Lover, Lawrence criticized the society which w

3、as twisted by the industrial civilization and he recalled the humanity in that society. Key words: Lady Chatterleys Lover; industrial civilization; humanity; sex摘要：本论文通过劳伦斯最具争议的小说查泰莱夫人的情人来分析劳伦斯的人性观。因劳伦斯开诚布公的谈论性爱以及对两性关系的描写，此小说曾被视为色情书刊。本论文从以下三个方面来证明劳伦斯的人性观：对小说中的环境进行分析;对人物角色的分析;以及对小说中的两性关系进行分析。论文通过这三方面

4、表达劳伦斯对被工业文明扭曲的社会的看法。他通过对查泰莱夫人的情人来呼唤人性的回归。关键词：查泰莱夫人的情人；工业文明；人性；性ContentsI. Introduction.1A. Historical background.1B. Lawrence and his works.1II. Different Views about Lady Chatterleys Lover.2A. Views abroad.2B. Views in China. 3III. Themes of Lady Chatterleys Lover and Lawrences View on Humanity.3A.

5、 An analysis of the setting of the novel.41. The setting of the Wragby.42. The setting of the wood.5B. An analysis of the characters of the novel.61. Clifford.62. Connie .73. Mellors.8C. An analysis of the male and female relationship in the novel.101. The relationship between Connie and Michaelis.1

6、02. The relationship between Connie and Mellors.11IV. Conclusion.12Works Cited.13I. IntroductionAHistorical Background The First World War was a great turning point in the western history. The war left many with the sorrowful feeling that Western civilization had lost its vitality and was caught in

7、a rhythm of breaking down and disintegration. During the transition from 19th to 20th century, many great changes took place in England as well. England presented a kind of distorted situation. After the First World War and the development of economy, widespread demand for social reform became very

8、popular, especially in industry. This industrial society made everything mechanized. The relationships among people became indifferent and cold. Machines were here and there. Those factors influenced literature. Many excellent novelists began to write industrial novels, such as James Thomson Night,

9、Thomas Hardy and D. H. Lawrence. At that time, the old agricultural England lived in an uneasy truce with the early phase of advancing industrialization. Lawrence, together with other young intellectuals, intensely dissatisfied with the decaying spirit of England and the collapse of the traditional

10、values of European civilization. He saw the increasing decadence and corruption of civilization and was aware of the very danger of the extinction of the humanity. B. Introduction to Lawrence and his works David Herbert Lawrence was a distinguished novelist and reviewer in England in the early 20th

11、century. During his life time, he was a controversial figure because of his frank treatment of sex and his outspoken for the relationship between the sexes. He wrote many famous works such as Sons and lovers, Women in Love, The Rainbow, and the most controversial work Lady Chatterleys Lover.In Engla

12、nd, some magazine considered Lady Chatterleys Lover as “The sign of evil” or pornography. However, after many years, Lawrence and his works were known gradually, and his views on social problems were accepted. Some people thought Lady Chatterleys Lover was not just a novel which described sex only,

13、but a great work which expressed a kind of attitude toward the society. In 1920s, England was under the way of being industrialized. The development of industry destroyed the humanity. Lawrence expressed his views about this kind of condition in this novel. He recalled the humanity by a natural way

14、sex. II. Different Views on Lady Chatterleys LoverNo matter in the western world or in China, there are many researches on Lawrences works, especially his work Lady Chatterleys Lover. In this novel, the description of sex evokes much controversy.A. Views AbroadIn 1929, the author Lawrence evaluated

15、his book Lady Chatterleys Lover, “.you know this book was not immoral actually. I am always devoting myself to getting a goal that making sex relation become reasonable and valuable, not ashamed. In this novel, I am the people who walk farthest. For me, it likes a naked myself: beautiful, tender and

16、 delicate”(Zhu Bo 515).Latter, many famous people made comments on this novel, Zhu Bo (6) quoted the comment of a famous reviewer named Walter Alam on the novel “On one hand, this novel is an attack for the evil side of industry society and industrialization in Lawrences opinion; On the other hand,

17、just as I said, they related with each other it is a serious discussion about the sex relation. Lawrence considered those two things as a thing which has two aspects”.Some people thought that Lawrences Lady Chatterleys Lover described a new marriage conception between man and woman. Richard Hugo onc

18、e said, “This book dued with a kind of difficult and distressed plight for human beings. As we all know it exists this kind of plight: A marriage straying into a wrong path, and a marriage was wrong from the very beginning. Lawrence did not say that they got along well with each other, so it denied

19、the problem: That is the point .In fact, the essence of Lawrences discussion is the real matrimony between people and people”(Wu 323).A professor of London University, Frances Gamia once evaluated Lady Chatterleys Lover, he said, “As far as I know this is the only one book that dued with sex relatio

20、n with solemn attitude. For the most of young people who are interested in this issue, it can bring a kind of sincere and serious attitude toward sex to them”(Han 312).Literatures are an artistic means for writers to express their observations of and views on the world. D.H. Lawrence is a gifted wri

21、ter whose works show the true features of human life the instinctual desire, and describe vividly all human feelings and experiences, such as their struggles, pains, crises and enjoyment. Lawrence finds out the decisive effect of healthy, nature love psychology upon the life integrity and personalit

22、y soundness of a person. In Derek Brittons book Lady Chatterley, The making of the Novel, Anais Nin said: “What makes Lady Chatterleys Lover so remarkably complete as a love story is that there are consistently double pains of view, and every moment of the relationship reveals the womans feeling as

23、well as the mans, and the womans with the most delicate and subtle acuteness” (Britton 192).B. Views in ChinaIn China, as early as 1930s, many scholars introduced and translated this novel into China. Among them, a famous Chinese writer and scholar Lin Yutang and Yu Dafu were most representative. Th

24、e article “On Lawrences novel Lady Chatterleys Lover” by Yu Dafu in 1934 praised Lawrences exquisite psychological description under the social and natural background (Sun 199). Some writers would like to compare Lady Chatterleys Lover to the Chinese novel The Plum, Lin Yutang said, The Plum describ

25、ed the sexual intercourse just as sexual intercourse; On the contrary, Lawrence described it to analyze the soul of the people. For Lawrence, sex is healthy, and nice, not guilty and ashamed. This is an adults common behavior, feeling ashamed is guilty, actually” (Sun 120).Someone thought that “Lady

26、 Chatterleys Lover gives a mainly female-centered description of the natural, beautiful, reasonable and sacred sex, highlights the vitality of the unified soul and flesh, and life and passion ,and thus reflects the authors humanist spirit in his conception of sex and aestheticism tendency in his des

27、cription of sex”(Huang 150).Zhu Weihong(96) thought that from the Lady Chatterleys Lover, Lawrence worshiped the males body. On one hand, Lawrence was eager to be healthy and strong because all his life he was very weak; on the other hand, he had his special view on sex relationship between man and

28、woman.III. Themes of Lady Chatterleys Lover and Lawrences View on HumanityAfter the World War I, Heroine Connie and her paralyzed husband Clifford return to their house Wragby in the midland of England. There the lifeless living pushes her to the arms of the gamekeeper in the woods, and both of them

29、 get renewed life through sexual regeneration. Lawrence thinks that nature endows man with the nature attribute and nature is the circumstance of mans activities. But what is more important is that nature has a magic power to awaken mans instinct. Lawrence preaches a philosophy against modern life-s

30、tyle. The modern life, as he saw it, is too self-conscious and lack tenderness and feeling. The modern industrialization and mechanical civilization suppress mans instinct and make people unhappy. Lawrence expresses his view on humanity in this novel by depicting the different settings and character

31、s vividly and also the different relationships between the three main characters.A. An analysis of the setting of the novelIn the novel, there are two opposed world, they are the garden Wragby and the wood.1. The setting of the Wragby Wragby was a long low old house in brown stone, begun about the m

32、iddle of the eighteenth century, and added on to, till it was a warren of a place without much distinction. It stood on an eminence in a rather fine old park of oak trees, but alas, one could see in the near distance the chimney of Tevershall pit, with its clouds of steam and smoke, and on the damp

33、hazy distance of the hill the raw straggle of Tevershall village, a village which began almost at the park gates, and trailed in utter hopeless ugliness for a long and gruesome mile: houses, rows of wretched, small, begrimed, brick houses, with black slate roofs for lids, sharp angles and willful, b

34、lank dreariness.(Lawrence 13)Wragby is an old house, without much distinction, it is just like its owner Clifford, dreary and dull. Wragby is separated from human life. The life in Wragby is lifeless and mechanical order. In this kind of environment, Connie feels depressed, when she goes into the wo

35、od, she feels that she “got into the current of her own proper destiny”(Lawrence 65).Connie hates Wragby because in this place “no warmth of feeling unites it organically”(Lawrence 16).The house in which Connie lives is the hell itself.Lawrence wants to express that the human beings should escape fr

36、om this kind of place which is lifeless, mechanical and cold. 2. The setting of the woodOpposed to the life style in Wragby house, the woods, gives Connie another new and fresh lifestyle with vitality. Through Lawrences vivid description, the wood is full of serenity as a retreat from the world in w

37、hich power and money are the prime values. Disgusted with Clifford and his modern, industrial world, Connie turns to Mellors.The wood was silent, still and secret in the evening drizzle of rain, full of the mystery of eggs and half-open buds, half-unsheathed flowersHow still everything was? The fine

38、 rain blew very softly, filmily, but the wind made no noise. Nothing made any sound. The trees stood like powerful beings, dim, twilit, silent and alive. How alive everything was. (Lawrence 145)The wood, as the embodiment of the natural world, symbolizes the paradise of Eden of Connie and Mellors. T

39、he flowers and grass such as the primroses, the hyacinths and the forget-me-nots in the woods symbolize the harmonious relationship between man and the nature. Man, regarding as the child of the nature, is part of the nature like flowers and grass. In chapter 12, for example, as Connie goes into the

40、 woods to meet Mellors and walks by primroses that are “full of pale abandon” and “no longer shy”(Lawrence 195). She seems to be no longer shy. The woods help her feel regenerative and alive. In this novel, Lawrence uses many natural images carefully to indicate how new growth in the great nature pa

41、rallels the new emotional growth in Connie. All living things in the nature for Lawrence keep a close and active relationship with other things. In chapter 10 of the novel, Connie is described as having a tenderness in her like that of growing hyacinths, and the trees in the woods glisten “naked and

42、 dark as if they had unclothed themselves,”(Lawrence 145). as Connie and Mellors will, after walking through a wall of prickly trees, uncloth themselves. Mellors represents a new kind of life which is isolated from the society but which is in obvious harmony with the natural environment. It is his d

43、uty as a gamekeeper to ensure the right balance in the wood that at the same time is his refuge from the outer world in which he has suffered much, especially at the hands of women. The hut in the secret clearing is his beloved world, in which he has settled for the life of a muted interchange with

44、woods, birds, and his dog. “His recoil away from the outer world was complete; his last refuge was this wood; to hide himself there!”(Lawrence 92) He guards the oak wood, rears the pheasants and protects rabbits during their breeding season. That he is almost always surrounded by fresh plants and to

45、wering trees suggests his affinity with nature.Throughout the novel, we can see Connie and Mellors represent the beneficial qualities of the natural spirit. The lovers establish their connection with the substantial and vital world by seeking their love and happiness in that ancient wood, which is t

46、heir only comfort and sanctuary, as they cannot see any personal solution to the futility and horror amidst in the modern society, they choose to retreat back into the wood, forgetting all the madness beyond the wood.B. An analysis of the characters of the novel1. CliffordSir Clifford is a selfish m

47、an and has arrogant tempers and characters of the British noble men of that time. At the same time, he has also the callous heart, fetishistic and mechanical characters. He has the empty mind but terrible and very cool soul. He represents the civilization of the industry. After he marries his wife not for a long time, he is hurt in the war then becomes crippled and loses the sexual ability. “He was not really downcast. He could wheel himself