最新人教版初中英语语法和知识点总结以及练习题.doc
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1、调研要解决的问题:5、就业机会和问题分析9、如果你亲戚朋友送你一件DIY手工艺制品你是否会喜欢?“碧芝自制饰品店”拥有丰富的不可替代的异国风采和吸引人的魅力,理由是如此的简单:世界是每一个国家和民族都有自己的饰品文化,将其汇集进行再组合可以无穷繁衍。附件(二):调查问卷设计这里有营业员们向顾客们示范着制作各种风格炯异的饰品,许多顾客也是学得不亦乐乎。据介绍,经常光顾“碧芝”的都是些希望得到世界上“独一无二”饰品的年轻人,他们在琳琅满目的货架上挑选,然后亲手串连,他们就是偏爱这种的方式,完全自助在现场,有上班族在里面精挑细选成品,有细心的小女孩在仔细盘算着用料和价钱,准备自己制作的原料。可以想见
2、,用本来稀奇的原料,加上别具匠心的制作,每一款成品都必是独一无二的。而这也许正是自己制造所能带来最大的快乐吧。公司还组织各国的“芝自制饰品店”定期进行作品交流,体现东方女性聪慧的作品曾在其他国家大受欢迎;同样,自各国作品也曾无数次启发过中国姑娘们的灵感,这里更是创作的源泉。新材料手工艺品。目前,国际上传统的金银、仿金银制成饰品的销售在逐步下降,与此形成鲜明对比的是,数年以前兴起的崇尚然风格、追求个性的自制饰品-即根据自己的创意将各种材质的饰珠,用皮、布、金属等线材串出的品,正在各国的女性中大行其道。在上海, 随着轨道交通的发展,地铁商铺应运而生,并且在重要商圈已经形成一定的气候,投资经营地铁商
3、铺逐渐为一大热门。在人民广场地下的迪美购物中心,有一家DIY自制饰品店-“碧芝自制饰品店”初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习初一年级(上)【知识梳理】I. 重点短语 1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth.2. What abo
4、ut?3. Lets do sth.4. Its time to do sth.5. Its time for 6. Whats? It is/ Its7. Where is? Its.8. How old are you? Im.9. What class are you in? Im in.10. Welcome to.11. Whats plus? Its.12. I think13. Whos this? This is.14. What can you see? I can see.15. There is (are) .16. What color is it (are they)
5、? Its (Theyre)17. Whose is this? Its.18. What time is it? Its. III. 交际用语 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr.2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? Im fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! Youre welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. Whats your name? My na
6、me is .9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Whos on duty today?11. Lets do.12. Let me see. IV. 重要语法1. 动词be的用法;2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;4. 冠词的基本用法;5. There be句型的用法。【名师讲解】1.in/on 在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张
7、图。2. this/that/these/those(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式。例如:You look in this box and Ill look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒子。I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。This is
8、mine; thats yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的。These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果,那些是橘子。(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方。例如:This is Mary speaking. Whos that? 我是玛丽。你是谁?3. There be/ haveThere be 有,其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物。其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数
9、名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。总之,There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的有。have表示拥有,占有,具有,即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:(4) I have two brothers and one sister
10、.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。4. look/ see/ watch (1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look! Whats that over there? 看!那边那个是什么?单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如:Hes looking at me。他正在看着我。(2)see强调“看
11、”的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么?Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。4. put on/ / in put
12、on意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:Its cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。The woman in a white blouse is Johns mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。5. house/ home/familyhouse :“房子”,指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Fa
13、mily: “家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。He is not at home. 他不在家。My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。6. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容词表示好之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的精细,形容人时表示的是身体健康,也 可以用来指天气晴朗。例如:Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。Thats a f
14、ine machine.那是一台很好的机器Its a fine day for a walk today.今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有美好,漂亮的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。Its very nice of you. 你真好。(3)good形容人时指品德好,形容物时指质量好,是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如:Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生
15、。The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well只可用来形容人的身体好,但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如:Im very well, thanks. 我身体很好,谢谢。My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在: 1. 动词be的用法;2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;4. 冠词的基本用法;5. There be句型的用法。6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空
16、、完成句子。 【中考范例】1. (2004年北京市中考试题) Mary, please show _ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语,空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题) _ orange on the desk is for you, Mike. A. A B.An C. / D. The【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子,所以用定冠词the。3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题) -
17、What _ the number of the girls in your class? -About twenty. A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案:A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。the number作主语,应该是单数第三人称,动词be变为is。4. (2004年陕西省中考试题) There _ a football match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是There be句型和动词have用法
18、区别。There be句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”,不能和动词have混在一起用。初一年级(下)【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语1. a bottle of2. a little3. a lot (of)4. all day5. be from6. be over7. come back8. come from9. do ones homework10. do the shopping11. get down12. get home13. get to14. get up15. go shopping16. have a drink of17. have a look18. have
19、 breakfast 19. have lunch20. have supper21. listen to22. notat all23. putaway24. take off25. throw it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening29. on a farm30. in a factory II. 重要句型 1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth.?3. would like sth.4. would lik
20、e to do sth.5. What about something to eat?6. How do you spell ?7. May I borrow? III. 交际用语 1. Thanks very much!Youre welcome.2. Put it/them away.3. Whats wrong?4. I think so. I dont think so.5. I want to take some books to the classroom.6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.Please give it / th
21、em back tomorrow. OK.9. Whats your favourite sport?10. Dont worry.11.Im (not) good at basketball.12. Do you want a go?13. Thats right./ Thats all right./ All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I dont.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They dont have any CDs.16. -Wha
22、t day is it today / tomorrow?-Its Monday.17. -May I borrow your colour pens, please? -Certainly. Here you are.18. -Where are you from?-From Beijing.19. Whats your telephone number in New York?20. -Do you like hot dogs?-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)-No, I dont. ( I dont like them at a
23、ll.)21. -What does your mother like?-She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.22. -When do you go to school every day?-I go to school at 7:00 every day.23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?-He goes to bed at 10:00. IV. 重要语法 1.人称代词的用法;2. 祈使句;3. 现在进行时的构成和用法;4动词have的用法;5一般现在时构成和用法;6可数名词和
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