定语从句复习ppt课件.ppt

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1、语法复习专题定语从句,要点一：先行词和关系词要点二：主要考点,要点一：先行词和关系词,1、先行词2、关系词及其句法功能 关系代词：that,which,who,whom,as,whose(主语、宾语、表语、定语)关系副词：when,where,why(状语),2014高考回顾1(2014山东卷)A company_profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.AwhichBwhose Cwho Dwhy解析从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。本题考查定语从句。先行词为company，

2、将先行词代入定语从句后为Thecompanys profits from home markets are declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose引导。答案：B,2(2014江西卷)Among the many dangers_sailors have to face，probably the greatest of all is fog.Awhich Bwhat Cwhere Dwhen解析:在海员们不得不面对的许多危险中，最大的危险也许是雾。本题考查定语从句。先行词为dangers，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Sailors have to face the d

3、angers.由此可见，关系词在定语从句中作face的宾语，且指“物”，故答案为which。答案：A,3(2014陕西卷)Please send us all the information_ you have about the candidate for the position.Athat Bwhich Cas Dwhat解析：请把你拥有的关于竞聘这个职位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。考查定语从句。先行词the information被all修饰，定语从句关系代词只能用that，故选择A项。答案：A,4(2014湖南卷)I am looking forward to the day_ my

4、 daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.Aas Bwhy Cwhen Dwhere解析：我正期待着那一天的到来，那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the day，关系词在从句中充当时间状语，故选when。答案：C,5(2014福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities_they can gain experience for growth.Awho Bwhen CwhichDwhere解析：学生应该参

5、加社区活动，他们从中能获得成长经验。本题考查定语从句。将先行词community activities代入定语从句后为：They can gain experience for growth from the community activities.由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语。答案：D,6(2014天津卷)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，_uses it differently.Aall of which Beach of whichCall of them Deach of them,解析：英语是一种被

6、好几种不同的文化都使用的语言，而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。本题考查代词和定语从句。前后两个句子之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故应为定语从句，排除C、D两项；all表示三者或三者以上都；each表示两者或两者以上中的每一个，根据cultures和uses可判断答案为B。答案：B,7(2014四川卷)Until now，we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children，_is quite unexpected.Athat Bwhich Cwho Dit解析：到目前为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款50 000英镑，这非常出乎我们的意料

7、。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知该空应引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，在定语从句中作主语，所以选B项。that不引导非限制性定语从句；who的先行词应是人；it不能引导定语从句。答案：B,8(2014北京卷)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，_my classmates recommended to me.Awho Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere解析：我上周从图书馆借了夏洛克福尔摩斯这本书，这是我的同学推荐给我的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为the book Sherloc

8、k Holmes，从句中recommended后缺少宾语成分，故用关系代词which引导。答案：B,9.2014浙江卷 I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，_ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.Awhen Bwhere Cwhich Dwhy,解析：考查定语从句。句意：我直到五年级才成为一个真正的攀登者，那一年我爬上了树枝去够一只被卡住的风筝。该句中的先行词是the fifth grade，此处先行词在定语从句中作时间状

9、语，应该用关系副词when。答案：A,10.2014江苏卷 The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work _ a good impression is a must.Awhich Bwhen Cas Dwhere,解析 D考查定语从句。句意：这本书在我的日常交流方面给予了我很大帮助，尤其是在必须给别人留下一个好印象的工作中。分析句子结构可知，先行词为抽象名词work，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。,112014重庆卷 Well reach the sales targets

10、in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.Awhich Bwhere Cwhen Dwhat,解析 A 考查定语从句。此处先行词targets及其定语被in a month分隔，考生容易错把month当成先行词而误选C。targets在定语从句中作set的宾语，所以关系词应用which或that。故选A。,12.2014安徽卷 The exact year_Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008.Awhen B.where Cwhy Dwhich,解析 D考查定语从句

11、的关系词。本题先行词为year，在定语从句中作及物动词spent的宾语，因此选用关系代词which。,要点二：主要考点1、关系副词和关系代词（不包括whose）的确定,定语从句引导词的确定可以从分析从句结构入手，分为三个步骤 A、看从句主语：缺主语，选择关系代词；不缺主语 B、看谓语动词：不及物，选择关系副词；及物 C、看宾语：缺宾语，选择关系代词；不缺宾语，选择关系副词。,Egs:The park attracts many students is wonderful.The park we visited last week is wonderful.The park we met eac

12、h other last week is wonderful.,2、5组易混关系代词的用法辨析,3、含有介词的定语从句,A、考查定语从句中动词与介词的搭配。*Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future.,B、考查形容词与介词的搭配习惯。*He referred to me some reference books with which I am not very familiar.,C、考查根据句意确定介词。*I am looking for my glasses,wit

13、hout which I cant watch TV clearly.D、考查表示所属关系的ofwhich/whom*She showed the visitors around the museum,the construction of which had taken more than three years.,E、考查表示整体与部分关系的of which/whom。*The buses,most of which were already full,were surrounded by an angry crowd.F、考查表示同位关系的of which/whom。*She broug

14、ht with her three friends,none of whom I had ever met before.【点津】选择介词3原则:根据句子意思表达的需要；根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配习惯；根据先行词和介词的搭配习惯。,4、whose 引导的定语从句,whose指人或物，作定语，表示“的”，可转换为“of 关系代词”。关系代词whose一般指人,表示“该人的”,也可指物,表示“该物的”,在以物为先行词时,可用of which代替在从句中作定语。,*The prize will go to the writer whose story shows the most imagi

15、nation.*The school shop,whose customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.,5、关系副词引导的定语从句,when的用法先行词为“时间名词”，可用when引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作状语,也可用“介词+which”结构代替。*The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.,where的用法。(1)先行词是“地点名词”，定语从句可用where引导，where在从句中作状语，也可用“介词

16、+which”结构代替。A bank is the place where(=in which)they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.(2)如果定语从句修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况下”(前提是从句中缺少状语)。*You reach a point where medicine cant help.,why的用法先行词是表示原因的名词reason

17、时,可以用why 引导定语从句，why在定语从句中作原因状语，可用for which替代。*The reason why/for which he didnt attend the meeting was that he was ill.,【点津】当way表示方法、方式作先行词时，后面的定语从句可以用that或in which引导，也可以省略关系词。如果定语从句中缺少宾语时，要用that或which引导,也可以省略关系词。I dont like the way that/in which/不填 he speaks to his mother.我不喜欢他和他妈妈说话的方式。The way that/which/不填 he explained to us was quite simple.他向我们解释的方法很简单。,6、定语从句与其他从句的辨析,