大学英语语法状语从句课件.ppt

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1、the Adverbial,状语,句子,+,引导词作状语。,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明,动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。,the Adverbial Clauses,状语从句,九,种,状,从,时间状语从句,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,结果状语从句,目的状语从句,方式状语从句,比较状语从句,1.,While,I was walking along the street,I found many,beatiful buildings(),2.,Where,there is a will,there is a way.(),3.,Now that/Sinc

2、e,everybody is here,lets begin our,meeting.,（,）,4.Ill speak slowly,so that,you can understand me.(),5.,So,clever was he,that,he was able to work out all the,difficult problems.(),时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,状语从句的分类,?,6.,As long as,you dont lose heart,youll,succeed.(),?,7.Try,as,he might,he could not find a job.,

3、(),?,8.The old lady treats the boy,as if,he were,his own son.(),?,9.He is taller,than,I am.(),状语从句的分类,条件,让步,方式,比较,九,种,常,用,的,状,语,从,句,及,其,常,用,的,连,接,词,时间状语从句,when,while,as,before,after,since,once,by,the,time,till,until,not,until,the,first/second,/last,time,as,soon,as,the,moment,the,minute,the,instant,i

4、mmediately,directly,instantly,hardly,when,scarcely,when,no,sooner,than,every,time,each,time,where,wherever,because,since,as,for,now,that(,既然）,in that,（因为）,if,unless,as(so)long as,on,condition that,要,),等。如：,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,九,种,常,用,的,状,语,从,句,及,其,常,用,的,连,接,词,结果状语从句,so that,sothat,suchthat,so that,

5、in order that,in case,as,as if/as though,than,asas,not so/asas,the+,比较级,the+,比较级,目的状语从句,方式状语从句,比较状语从句,让步状语从句,although,though,as,even though/even if,while(,虽然）,no matter+which/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,whoever,whenever,however,whetheror,；,?,1.Child as she is,she knows a lot

6、of,things.,?,2.The more I can do for the class,the,happier Ill be.,?,3.He talks as if(as though)he knew all,about it.,?,4.He is such a good teacher that the,students love and respect him.,?,5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.,?,6.No sooner had I got home than it began,to rain.,让步,比较,方式,结果,条件,时

7、间,?,7.Where there is water,there is life.,?,8.He studied hard so that he could catch,up with his classmates.,?,9.Since you are very busy,I wont trouble,you.,?,10.Even if(though)I fail.Ill never lose,heart.,?,11.Once you begin the work,you must,continue.,?,12.Although the sun was shining,it wasnt,ver

8、y warm.,地点,目的,原因,让步,时间,让步,?,1,状语从句连词的含义及用法比较；,?,2,、,no matter wh-,与,wh-ever,引导的从句,的区别；,?,3,、状语从句的时态问题；,?,4,、状语从句倒装及省略问题；,?,5,、状语从句与其它从句区别。,时间状语从句,1.We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the,storm started.,A.when,B.while,C.until,D.before,2.He was about to tell me the secret _ someone,patted him on

9、the shoulder.,A.as,B.until,C.while,D.when,3.He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it,was the best time for it.,A.where,B.when C.that,D.until,4.,Did Jack come back early last night?,Yes.It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.,A.Before B.when C.that,D.until,5.He was about halfway thro

10、ugh his meal _ a,familiar voice came to his ears.,A.why,B.where,C.when D.while,A,D,B,B,C,连接词,when,的用法小结,1.,when,可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当,的时候”,从句的,谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。,如：,When the film ended,they went back.,When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on,Sundays.,2.When,常用于下列句式：,意为“就在那时”。如：,was doing somet

11、hingwhen,1.,was about to dowhen,2.,was on the point of doing sth.when,3.,had donewhen,4.,3.when,可以表“既然”，如：,How can I help them to understand when they wont listen,to me?,注意同一个从属连词的多义性,：,6.The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in,Britain,_ the quality of life is probably one of the highes

12、t.,A.since,B.when C.as,D.while,7._ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually,like the person.,A.While,B.Since C.Before D.Unless,8._it is true that a students most important goal is to do well,in his or her studies,it doesnt need to be the only goal.,A when B As C While D Before,25.,Mary made cof

13、fee,her guests were finishing their,meal.,A.so that B.although C.while D.as if,D,A,C,C,1.while,可用来引导时间状语，意为“当,的时候”；,引导的动作必须是持续性的，如：,Please dont talk so loud while others are working.,2.while,作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。,Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was,dressed,in blue,.,3.while,也可用来引导让步状语，意为“尽管，虽然”；

14、,可表示尽管，相当于,although,While I admit that the problems are difficult,I,dont agree that they cant be solved.,4,趁,的情况赶紧做,否则来不及了,Strike while the iron is hot.,连接词,while,的用法小结,1.as,可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边,一边”；随着,如：,She sang as she walked home all the way.(,一边,一边）,She was doing her homework as she was listening to

15、the,music.,As she grew older,she became more beautiful.,（随着）,As the day went on,the weather got worse.,2.as,也可用来引导原因状语从句意为“因为”；,如：,As she is free today,she would like to do some,shopping.,（因为）,3.as,还可用来引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构）意为“尽,管”。,如：,Tired as he was,he refused to take a rest.,（尽管）,Hard as he worked,he

16、cant work out the problem.,Child as he is,he knows a lot.,连接词,as,的用法小结,连接词,when,while,as,的用法区别：,when,while,as,这三个连词都可表示“当,的时候”，,使用时应注意：,1)when,可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如：,When he came in,we were having supper.,When we were having supper,the light suddenly,went out.,2)while,则只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语从句,中的时态常用进行时态

17、。如：,When/While he was,eating his breakfast,he heard the doorbell ring.,While he was watching TV,the boy fell asleep.,3)as,则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行,;,也可表示,“随着,”,，,。,She sang as she walked along.,As the election approached,the violence,（暴行）,got worse.,1.,Did you remember to give Mary the,money you owed her?

18、,Yes.I gave it to her _ I saw her.,A.while,B.the moment,C.suddenly,D.although,2.I thought her nice and honest _ I,met her.,A.first time,B.for the first time,C.the first time,D.by the first time,3._ entered the office when he realized that,he had forgotten his report.,A.He hardly had,B.Had he hardly,

19、C.Hardly had he,D.Hardly he had,B,C,C,小结：,1,一些词，如,the moment,the minute,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,no soonerthan,等也可引导时,间状语从句，相当于,as soon as,的意思。,I came immediately you called me up.,2,一些含有,time,的名词短语，如,the first/second/last,time,every time,each time,next time

20、,by the time,等，,也可引导时间状语从句。,The first time I drove the car,I felt very nervous.,Next time you come,please bring your composition.,3.,如果,hardly,或,no sooner,或,scarcely,置于句首，句子必,须倒装。,Hardly/scarcely had I got home when it began to,rain.,1.,Was his father very strict with him when,he was at school?,Yes.

21、He had never praised him _ he became,one of the top students in his grade.,A.after,B.unless C.until,D.when,2.A good storyteller must be able to hold,listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the,story.,A.when B.unless C.after D.until,3.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses,_ I realized she wa

22、s a famous film star.,A.when;that,B.until;that,C.until;when,D.when;then,C,D,B,小结：,till,until,和,notuntil,：,1.until/till,从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词,是延续性动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停,止”。如：,We waited until/till he came.,2,用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为,“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：,He wont go to bed until her father returns.,3,till,不可以置于句首，而,u

23、ntil,可以。如：,Until you told me I had no idea of it.,4,notuntil,句型中的强调和倒装说法：,It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.,Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,1.He made a mistake,but then he,corrected the situation _ it got worse.,A.until,B.when,C.before,D.as,2.Scientists say it

24、may be five or six years,_ it is possible to test this medicine on,human patients.,A.since,B.after,C.before,D.when,3.,Why didnt you tell him about the,meeting?,He rushed out of the room_I could say a,word.,A.before B.until,C.when,D.after,4.It is almost five years _ we saw,each other last time.,A.bef

25、ore B.since,C.after,D.because,C,C,A,B,1.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice,_ I picked up the phone.,A.while B.after,C.in case D.the minute,2.How long do you think it will take _ our,product becomes popular with the consumers,A.when B.until C.before D.since,3._ the day went on,the

26、 weather got worse.,A.With B.since C.As D.While,4.He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar,voice came to his ears.,A.why B.where C.when D.while,连接词,before,的小结：,一、含义,1,We had sailed four days and four nights,before,we saw land.,2,We hadnt run a mile,before,he felt tired.,3,Please write it down,be

27、fore,you forget it.,4,Before,I could get in a word,he had measured me.,“,才”,“,不到,就”,“,趁,”,“,还没来得及”,三,1,）,It will be/,段时间,before“,还要过多久才,”,It will be two years,before,he leaves the country.,2,）,It was+,时间段,+before,从句,（动作已发生）,It was three weeks,before,he came back,3,）,It will not be long before“,不多久就会

28、,”,It wont be long,before,she comes back,4,）,It was not long before“,不多久就,了”,如：,It wasnt long,before,he left the country.,5,）,It is,时间,since,如：,It is three years,since,she was in the army.,It is three years,since,she joined the army.,注意时态,条件状语从句,1,、,It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly,y

29、ou,wont keep good health.,A.unless B.whenever C.although D.if,2.,You will be late _ you leave immediately.,A.unless B.until C.if D.or,3.The little boy wont go to sleep,his mother tells,him a story.,A.or B.unless C.but D.,whether,A,A,B,unless,相当于,if not,，意思是“除非,”“,如果不,就,”,。,1,、,_ I can see,there is o

30、nly one possible way to keep,away from the danger.,A.Because B.As far as D.Even if,2,、,I always take something to read when I go to the,doctors _ I have to wait.,A,in case,B,so that C,in order,D,as if,B,A,as long as,与,as far as,都可引导条件状语从句，,as long,as,表示“只要,”,，,as far as,表示“就,而言”。题,1,根,据题意应该选用,B,。,in

31、 case,表示“以防”。,让步状语从句,1,、,_,I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the,person.,A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless,2,、,Allow children the space to voice their opinions,_they,are different from your own.,A.until,B.even if,C.unless,D.as though,A,B,while,既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导,让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。,

32、even if,等于,even though,，,表示“即使、尽管”。,as though,等于,as if,，引导方式状语,从句，表示“好像、似乎”。,1,、,He tried his best to solve the problem,_ difficult it was.,A.however B.no matter C.whatever D although,2,、,The old tower must be saved,_the cost.,A,however B,whatever C,whichever D,wherever,3.English and French are taug

33、ht here.You can choose _,you like.,A.no matter which,B.whichever D.whatever,A,B,no matter wh-,与,wh-ever,的联系及区别：,no matter wh-,只引导让步状语从句，此时与,wh-ever,通用。,No matter when/Whenever he comes back,he should be invited,to the party.,wh-ever,又可引导名词性从句，,No matter wh-,不能。如：,Whoever can help us will be welcome.

34、,结果状语从句,sothat,suchthat,1)It is so good a story that Ill never forget it.,It is such a good story that Ill never forget it.,2)such+a+adj,名词,+that clause,such+,（,adj,）,+,名词复数,3)so+adj./adv.+that clause,4)so+many/few+,复数名词,+that clause,much/little+,不可数名词,10.The day must be breaking,_ the birds,have be

35、gun singing.,A.because B.as C.for D.since,原因状语从句,?,1),because,表示某件事情发生的直接原因或理由。它的语气很,强，因而常用来回答,why,的提问。它表示原因的语气最强。如：,?,He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.,?,2),since,常表示对方已经知道的既成事实，说话人根据这个事,实得出某一种结论。其语气比,because,要弱，一般译成“既然”,如：,Since you are here,why not stay for a few more days?,?,

36、3),as,常用于表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主,句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于”。如：,As its getting,darker,we must go home now.,?,4),for,只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或,解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如：,It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet,目的状语从句,.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.,A.since B.so that,C.as if D.unless,?,You must speak

37、 louder so that/in order,that you can be heard by all.,?,He wrote the name down for fear that(lest),he should forget it.,?,Better take more clothes in case the,weather is cold.,比较状语从句,（,asas,not as(so)as,more/-,erthan,lessthan,?,1)He doesnt work so hard as you do.,?,2)There is as much ink in bottle

38、A as in bottle B.,?,3)The more you worry,the less youll succeed.,?,4)Gold is much heavier than any other metal.,?,26.I have seldom seen my mother,pleased with my progress as she is now.,?,A.so B.very C.too D.rather,方式状语从句,1)You must try to do as I did.,*,2)Lets do as Mrs.Li teaches us.,*3)He talks a

39、s if he knew all about it.(,好,象,),1.After the war,，,a new school building was put up,_ there had once been a theatre.,A.that,B.where,C.which,D.when,2.-,Dont look down upon Bob.He has his own,advantages.,-,Oh,yes._ others are weak,he is strong.,A.If B.When,C.Where D.Though,3.-,The thread of my kite b

40、roke and it flew away.,-,I had told you it would easily break _it,was the weakest,A.when B.where C.unless D.since,地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词,:Where,，,wherever,Where-,在,地方，,Wherever-,无论哪里,1.Put the medicine where you can easily,get it.,2.Where there is a will,there is a way.,3.He follows her wherever she go

41、es.,4.Wherever you are,I will be right there,waiting for you.,状语从句的时态问题,1,、,The house could fall down soon if no one_ some,quick repair work.,A has done,B is doing,C does,D had done,2,、,It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.,A.before,B.since,C.after,D.when,在条件，时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将,来时。

42、在,since,引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般,过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。,C,B,状语从句的倒装问题,1,、,So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country,that I determined to learn English.,A.I have felt B.have I felt C.I did feel D.did I feel,2,、,Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious,the,pollution was.,A.did the vil

43、lagers realize B.the villagers realized,C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize,D,A,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：,否定词开头；,not until,so,加,adj.,开头；,as/though,引导的让步状语从句。,特别注意：,Hardly when,No sooner than,Child as he is,Hardly had he got to the station when the train left.,No sooner had he got to th

44、e station than the train,left.,Child as he is,he can speak seven foreign,languages.,?,While watching TV,_.,?,A the doorbell rang,?,B the doorbell rings,?,C we heard the door bell ring,?,D we heard the doorbell rings,C,状语从句省略问题,1,：如果主从句主语一致，从句中又有“,be”,时，省略,主语和,be,。,While still a student,she played ma

45、ny roles.,When told the secret,he was surprised.,When(he was)still a boy of ten,he had to work day,and night,If(you are)asked,you may come in.,2,：从句中可省略,it+,是。,You can turn to me for help if necessary.,If(it is)necessary/possible.Ill explain it to you,again.,状语从句省略问题,状语从句与并列句的区别,1,、,Though he is in

46、his sixties,_ he works as hard as a,young man,A.yet,B.but,C.and,D.and yet,2,、,Excuse me for breaking in,_ I have some news,for you.,A.so,B.and,C.but,D.yet,题,1,是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词,and;or;,but;so,等。,yet,是副词，只有,yet,可以与,though,连用。题,2,为,并列句，而“,Excuse,but”,为一固定搭配。在复习中需,要,细心的分析句子结构和成分。,A,C,1.We were about

47、to leave_ it began to,rain.,2.She thought I was talking about her son,_,in fact,I was talking about my son.,3.Hardly had I finished my composition,_ the bell rang.,A.when B.while C.as D.during,A,B,A,1.Child _ she is,she know a lot.,2.He did the experiment,_,he was told.,3.The pianos in the other sho

48、p will be,cheaper,but not _ good.,A.during B.as C.if D.though,B,B,B,1.He would have a look at the bookstores,_ he went to town.,2.We decide to finish the work on time,_,happens.,3.If we work with a strong will,we overcome,any difficulty,_ great it is.,4.Ill give the book to _ likes English.,A.whenev

49、er B.whoever,C.whatever D.however,A,C,D,B,1.If we work hard,we can overcome any,difficulty,no matter _ great it is.,2.If we work hard,we can overcome any,difficulty,_ great it is.,3.If we work hard,we can overcome any,difficulty,_ difficulty it is.,4.If we work hard,we can overcome any,difficulty,no

50、 matter _ difficulty it is.,A.what B.how C.however D.whatever,B,C,D,A,1.It will be years _ we meet again.,2.It is ten years _ I came to this town.,3.It is ten years ago _ I came to this town.,A.when B.that C.before D.since,C,D,B,1.Go and get your coat.It is _ you left it.,2.You are free to go _ you