商务英语词汇特点精要课件.ppt
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1、商务英语词汇特点,contents,I、商务英语词汇特点1)含义丰富,一词多义现象普遍存在 2)普通词汇专业化,大量使用半专业词汇 3)专业性强,大量使用专业术语 II、商务英语词汇的文化含义1)语用涵义差异2)语义联想差异 3)人情习俗差异 4)典故与宗教信仰差异 5)思维方式与审美意识的差异,含义丰富,一词多义现象普遍存在 英语词汇所包含的意义往往具有一定的游移性和灵活性,要依据各自词汇的前后搭配和上下文语境的变化而变化。(汪榕培,2002)一词多义是英语词汇的普遍特点,商务英语也不例外。,I、商务英语词汇特点,1.We are prepared to share the expenses
2、 with you.2.All the partners have a share in the profits.3.The company was formed with 2000 shares.译文:1.我们愿与你方分担费用。(v.分担)2.所有合伙人都可以分得一份利润。(n.一份)3.该公司由两千股组成。(n.股份),4.Once the jewels were safely locked up in the bank he had no more anxieties about their security.5.He gave his house as a security.6.Tre
3、asury securities are revalued daily.译文:4.珠宝一旦安全地锁在银行里,他就不再担心他们的安全了。(n.安全)5.他以房子作抵押。(n.抵押品)6.国库券每天都重新估价。(n.证券),7.This offer(报盘)is open for ten days.8.The L/C is opened by the issuing bank.9.open account译文:7.此报盘的有效期为10天。(a.有效的)8.此信用证是由开证行开立的。(v.开立)9.未结清的账户,仍在往来的账户(商(账户)未结清的,仍在往来的),10.If a particular c
4、argo is partially damaged,the damage is called particular average.11.Its obvious that the products are below the average quality.译文:10.如果某批货物部分受损,我们称之为单独海损。(n.保险 损失/损坏)11.很明显,这批产品的品质是中下水平。(a.平均的),12.This product has a fast turnover,three shipments going out per day.13.The companys annual turnover is
5、 60 million yuan.14.That company has a fast turnover because of the poor working conditions.译文:12.这产品的成交量很高,每天可出三批货。(n.(货物等的)流动,流通)13.该公司的年营业额为六千万元人民币。(n.营业额,交易额)14.那家公司因为工作环境很差,员工流动得很快。(n.人员更替数,人员更换率),15.He is an excellent entrepreneur,who runs many enterprises.16.Mortgage banks(抵押银行)will hire peop
6、le like Spanish-speaking entrepreneurs to find out who is a good credit risk(信贷风险)in the poorer communities.译文:15.他是一名杰出的企业家,经营着好多家企业。(n.企业家)16.抵押银行会雇用一些能讲西班牙语的中介人来调查贫困地区中谁的信贷风险最小。(n.银行业 中介人),17.This is the balance to cover the check.18.the balance/imbalance between revenue and expenditure 译文:17.这是用
7、来支付支票的存款余额。(n.余额)例:My bank balance isnt very large.我的银行存款余额不多了。18.财政收支平衡/差额(n.平衡),其他一词多义现象:19.premium商务合同/保险业务 保险费,insurance premium金融期货 升水,指远期汇率高出即期汇率,forward premium 证券 溢价,即所支付的实际金额超过证券或股票的面值20.discount货币市场 贴现,(a discount bank 贴现银行)期货市场 贴水,(forward discount 远期贴水,指远期汇率低于即期汇率),其他一词多义现象:21.freight国内运
8、输 货物国际贸易 运费,如:CIF(Cost,Insurance and Freight)到岸价注解:国际贸易“货物”则用cargo表示,如:marine cargo insurance(海上货物运输保险),2.普通词汇专业化,大量使用半专业词汇 普通词汇:是通用英语中的常用词汇。在具体的商务领域中,普通词汇通过引申、转换、添加等手段而获得了特定的专业内涵,从而具有特殊含义。半专业词汇:是从普通词汇的基本义项派生而来的。,I、商务英语词汇特点,1.In order to market our new product,we have printed fine literature.literat
9、ure n.printed matters,including leaflets,instruction,product catalogue,price list,etc.文字宣传资料,如传单、产品说明书、产品目录、价目表等译文:为了推销新产品,我们印制了精美的宣传资料。2.Should you find interest in any of the items in our catalogue,please do not hesitate to send enquiries.enquiry n.商询盘/询价:交易的一方准备购买或出售某种商品时,向对方询问买卖该商品的有关交易条件。译文:如对目
10、录中的任何项目感兴趣,请径直寄来询盘。,3.The tariff should not be greater in amount than the margin of price caused by dumping.tariff n.关税;关税率 tax n.税,税款 duty n.英(对产品、个人收入等所征的)税;商(输入/出品的,尤指进口货的)关税 margin n.商利润,毛额 dumping n.商倾销 anti-dumping n.商反倾销 译文:关税税额不应比因倾销而获得的毛利润高。,4.Provided you fulfill the terms of the credit,we
11、 will accept and pay at maturity date.maturity n.商(贷款、债券、票据等的)到期日 译文:在贵处履行信用证条款的条件下,我方将承兑并于期满时支付款项。5.Regarding our outstanding account US$6,000,we must request you to send us immediately your check in settlement.outstanding 与account搭配,“未完结的,未付的”settlement n.商支付,结账 claim settlement 理赔译文:有关未付账6,000美元,
12、请立即寄来支票,以便结账。,6.the newly acquired company acquire v.商收购译文:新收购的公司 7.The U.S.dollar remains strong against several important currencies.against+货币名称,“以抵付,凭换取”,或“比价/汇率”。例:the rate against U.S.dollars 美元兑换率译文:美元对几个国家的货币保持坚挺。,8.The companys main activities are manufacturing,marketing and distribution.ma
13、rketing n.商 营销distribution n.商 分销,销售译文:该公司的主要业务是制造、营销和销售。9.My reference will prove to you that I am efficient and dependable.reference n.商担保人,证明人 译文:我担保人将向你证明我的工作是高效的,并且我是可信赖的。,其他半专业词汇:insurance policy 保险单negotiable bond 可兑现的债券ceiling 最高限额gains 价格上涨的股票interest 利息a firm offer 实盘terms and conditions 条
14、款;articles 条款document 单据on sale 特价lodge(v.提出)a claim 提出索赔lodge a complaint 投诉,3.专业性强,大量使用专业术语 一般而言,商务英语专业术语数量较多,表达方式比较固定,意义也比较单一。(王芳&李明清,2008),I、商务英语词汇特点,1.This bill of exchange shall be accepted first and then can be honored by the acceptor.accept v.商 兑现,承付,认付honor v.商 支付译文:该汇票应先承兑,然后由承兑方进行支付。2.If
15、all the terms and conditions in the credit are not complied with,the exporter may run the risk of his draft being dishonored by the bank.dishonor v.商 拒付,退票译文:如果信用证的条款不一致,出口商的汇票有可能遭到银行拒付。,补充资料1:国际贸易支付的主要工具Draft/Bill of Exchange/Postal Order 汇票Promissory Note 本票Check/Cheque 支票,补充资料1:Draft/Bill of Exch
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