常见前后缀汇总.docx

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1、常见前后缀汇总常见英语前缀 a-/an- = no; without; lack, amateur不熟练的,业余的, anonymous匿名的, asocial不好社交的, anechoic消声的, anharmonic不和谐的, anarchism无*主义, acentric无中心的, amoral非道德性的, asexual无性别的 a- = in; on; at; by; with;to, asleep在熟睡中, ahead向前，在前头, abreast肩并肩地, aside在一边, abed在床上, abloom开花 a-/an- =加强意义, aloud高声地, aright正确地,

2、 awake唤醒, aweary疲倦的, annotate注释, announce宣布，通告 ab- = from; away from, abnormal不正常的, abroad国外的, abuse滥用, absorb吸去, abaxial离开轴心的, abend异常终止 ac- = at; to,或表示加强意义, accustom使习惯, account计算，算帐, accredit信任, accompany陪伴, acclaim欢呼，喝彩, accomplish完成 ad- = to; toward; forward, advice建议, advocate倡导, adjoin临近adju

3、st调整, admixture混杂, adventure冒险 af- = at; to,或表示加强意义, affright震惊，恐惧, affix附加，贴上, affirm肯定，确实 ag- = at; to,或表示加强意义, aggrandize增大, aggravate加重, aggrieve使悲痛 amphi- =两、双, amphicar水陆两用车, amphibian水陆两栖的, amphitheatre两边都可观看的剧场，圆形剧场 ante- = before, antecedent先前的，先行的, antetype先型，原型, anteport前港，外港, anteroom前室，

4、接待室, antedate比实际早的日期, antestomach前胃 anti- = against, antipathy反感, antifreeze防冻, antiwar反战的, anti-imperlialist反帝的, antiageing防衰老的, antitank反坦克 ap- =加强或引伸意义, appoint指定，任命, appraise评价, appease平息，绥靖 ap-/apo- =离开, apogee远地点(远离地球之处), apostasy脱党，叛教, aphelion (天文)远日点 ar- = at; to,或表示加强及引伸意义, arrange安排，布置, a

5、rrect直立的, arrear在后，拖延 arch- = 1)big; chief. 2)ancient, archbishop大主教, archaeology考古学, archaic古体的，古风的 as = to;forward, assign派出, assent同意, assort分类, assimilate同化，吸收, assure使确信，担保, associate联合，结合 at- = at; to,或表示加强及引伸意义, attrap使入陷阱, attest证明, attract吸引 auto- = self; personally, automation自动化, autograp

6、h亲笔, autoalarm自动报警器, autocriticism自我批评, autorotation自动旋转, autobiography自传 be- = make or cause to be, befog使迷糊, befit适宜, belittle贬低, befriend以朋友相待, becalm使镇静, befool欺骗，愚弄 be- =加以.,饰以.,用.(做某事), bepowder在.上撒粉, bejewel饰以珠宝, becloud遮蔽 be- =在, beside在.旁, below在.下面, before在.之前 be- =加强及引伸意义, befall降临，发生, be

7、spatter溅污, belaud大加赞扬 bene- = well; good, benign和善的, benevolent乐善好施的, benefit好处, benediction祝福, benefaction恩惠，善行, beneficent行善的 bi- = two, bicycle自行车, bilateral双方, bimonthly双月刊, biweekly双周刊, bicolor两色的, bilingual两种语言的 by- =旁、侧、非正式、副, byroad小路，僻径, bywork业余工作, byname别名，绰号 circu- = around, circulate流通,

8、 circumnavigate环球航行, circumspect考虑周到的, circumplanetary环绕行星的, circumpolar在两极周围的, circumaviate环球飞行 co- = together, coaction共同行动, cooperate合作, coeducation男女同校 col- = together, collaboration协作，勾结, collingual用同一种语言的, collocate并置，并列 com- = together, compatriot同胞，同国人, combine联合，结合, commiserate同情 com- =加强或引

9、伸意义, commove使动乱, compress压缩, commemorate纪念 con- = together, concolorous同色的, connatural同性质的, contemporary同时代的 con- =加强或引伸意义, conclude结束，终结, confirm使坚定, consolidate巩固，加强 contra- = against, contradiction矛盾, controversial可能引起争议的, contraclockwise逆时针方向的, contra-missile反导弹导弹, contraposition对照，针对, contraban

10、d走私,违法交易 cor- = together, correlation相互关系, corradiate使(光线)共聚于一点, correspond符合,相应 cor- =加强或引伸意义, correct改正，纠正, corrupt腐败，败坏, corrugate使起皱纹 counter- = opposite, counterrevolutionary反动的, countermeasure对策，应策, countercurrent逆流, countermarch反方向行进, counterattack反攻，反击, countercharge反控，反告 de- = down from, de

11、plane下飞机, dethrone使离王位, derail使(火车)脱轨 de- =向下、降低、减少, depress压低，压下, depopulation人口减少, devalue贬值 de- =使成.,作成.,或仅作加强意义, delimit划定界限, denude使裸露, depicture描绘，描述 de- = not, denationalize非国有化, demilitarize使非军事化, demobilize复员 de- =除去、取消、毁, desalt除去盐份, deforest砍伐森林, decontrol取消管制 dec(a)- = ten, decade十年, dec

12、imal十进位制的, decathlon十项全能 deci- =十分之一, decigram十分之一克, decimeter十分之一米, decilitre十分之一升 demi- =半, demigod半神半人, demi-fixed半固定的, demiwolf半似狼之犬 di- =二、双, diatomic二原子的, disyllable双音节的, dichromatic两色的 dia- = through;between;across , diameter直径, dialogue对话, diagnosis诊断 dif- = 1)apart. 2)not;opposite , difflue

13、nce分流, diffident不自信的, diffuse散开，散布 dis- =不、无、相反, dislike不喜欢, disagree不同意, discontinue中断, disorder混乱, disbelieve不信, disproof反证, dishonest不诚实的, dispraise贬损，非难, disappear消失, disremember忘记, discomfort不舒服, disability无能，无力 dis- =取消、除去、毁, disorganize瓦解, disroot根除, discourage使失去勇气, disrobe脱衣, disarm解除武装，裁军,

14、 dishearten使失去信心, disburden解除负担, discolor使褪色, dismember解体 dis- =加在含有分开、否定等意义的单词前，作加强意义, dispart分离，裂开, dissever分裂，切断, dissemination散布，传播 dis- =分开、离、散, dissect切开, dissolve分离，溶解, distract分心，转移, dispense分配, dispel驱散, dissipate驱散，浪费 dis- =有时作di-, dispirit使气馁，使沮丧, divorce离婚, digress离正题，入歧路 dys- =不良、恶、困难,

15、dysfunction (医)机能失调，功能紊乱, dysphonia发音困难, dyspepsia消化不良, dyspathy反感, dysgenesis生殖力不良, dysopsy弱视 e- =加强或引伸意义, evaluate评价, elongate使延长，拉长, estop阻止，禁止, estrange使疏远, evanish消失, elaborate精心制作，详细描述 e- =出、外, eject投出，掷出, emigrate移居国外, elect选出, emerge浮出，出现, erupt喷出, evade逃出 ef- =出、离去, effluence流出, effable能被说出

16、的, effoliation落叶 em- =表示置于.之内、上., embay使(船)入湾, embus上车，装入车中, embosom藏于胸中，怀抱, emplane乘飞机, embed安置, embog使陷于泥沼中 em- =表示用.做某事、饰以.、配以., embalm涂以香料(防腐剂), embank筑堤防护, embar上门闩，囚禁 em- =表示使成某种状态、致使.、使之如.、作成., embow使成弓形, empower使有权力，授权, empurple使发紫, embody体现，使具体化, embitter使受苦, embrown使成褐色 eco- = ecological,

17、ecosphere生态圈, ecosystem生态系统, ecocide生态灭绝 en- =表示置于.之中、登上.、使上., entrain乘火车, encage关入笼中, encase装入, enplane乘飞机, encave藏于洞中, enroll登记，记入名册中, enthrone使登基, enshrine藏于神龛中, enfold包进、拥抱 en- = make or cause to be,使成某种状态、致使.、使之如.、作成., enable使能够, endanger使受危险, enlighten启发，启蒙, enlarge扩大，放大, enrich使富足, enslave使成奴

18、隶，奴役 en- = 用.来做某事、饰以.、配以., enchain用链锁住, enlace用带缚, entrap诱陷 en- =家在动词之前，表示in,或只作加强意义, enclose围入，关进, entrust信任，委托, enforce强制执行, enkindle点火, enwrap包入，卷入, enhearten鼓舞，振奋 endo- =内, endoparasite体内寄生虫, endogamy (同族)内部通婚, endogen内生植物 eu- = good;well;easy, eugenica优生学, eulogize赞美, emphemism委婉语, euphonic声音优美

19、的, eupepsia消化良好, euthenics优境学 ex- = out;out of, exclusive不包括.的, expose揭露, emit发射出, export出口，输出, exclude排外，排斥, excavate挖出，挖掘, exit出口, extract抽出，拔出, exhume掘出 ex- =前任的、以前的, ex-president前任总统, ex-Nazis前纳粹分子, ex-mayor前任市长, ex-chancellor前任大学校长, ex-premier前任总理, ex-wife前妻 ex- =表示使、做，或作加强意义, expurgate使清洁, exa

20、lt使升高，增高, excruciate施刑，使苦恼 exo- =外、外部, exobiology外空生物学, exogamy异族通婚, exosphere外大气圈 extra- =以外、超过, extrapolitical政治外的，超政治的, extraofficial职权以外的, extracurriculum课外的, extraordinary格外的, extra-special特别优秀的, extralegal法律权力以外的, extraprofessional职业以外的, extrasolar太阳系以外的, extraessential离开本质的、非主要的 fore- = ahead

21、, forehead前额, forecast预测, foreword前言，序言, foretell预言, foresee预见, foreword序言，前言, forearm前臂, foreknow先知, foretime以往，过去, foreground前景, forefather前人，祖先, forerun先驱 hecto- =百, hectogram百克, hectowatt百瓦, hectoampere百安培 hemi-半, hemisphere半球, hemicycle半圆形, hemicrania偏头疼 hepta- =七(在母音前作hept-), heptagon七角形, hept

22、ode七极管, heptahedron七面体 hetero- =异, heteropolar异极的, heterosexual异型的, heterodoxy异教，异端 hexa- =六(在母音前作hex-), hexagon六角形, hexode六极管, hexameter六韵步诗 holo- =全, hologram全息图, holography全息照相术, holophone声音全息记录器, holocrystalline全结晶的, holohedron全面体, holophote全射镜 homo- = of the same, homosexual同性恋的, homograph同形异义词

23、, homotype同型, homopolar同极的, homophone同音异义字, homocentric同中心的, homothermic同温的, homogeneous同族的, homostasis同态 hyper- = above;excessive;too much, hypercritical吹毛求疵的, hypertension高血压, hypersensitive过敏的, hypermilitant极度好战的, hyperslow极慢的, hypersuspicious过分多疑的, hypersexual性欲极强的, hyperverbal说话太多的, hyperactive

24、活动过度的, hypersonic极超音速的, hyperacid胃酸过多的, hypercorrection矫枉过正 hypo- =下、低、次、少, hyposensitize减弱.的敏感度, hypodermic皮下的, hypoglossal舌下的, hypothermia体温过低, hypotension低血压, hypochlorite次氯酸盐 il- = (用在l之前)不、无、非, illegal非法的, illogical不合逻辑的, illiterate文盲, illimitable无限的, illocal不只一处的，无所不在的, illiberal吝啬的，粗鄙的 il- =

25、(用在l之前)加强或引伸意义, illustrate举例说明，图解, illuminate照明 im- = (用在b,p,m之前)into, immigrate移民, inspect视察, ingress入侵, import进口，输入, imprison入狱, imbibe吸收, immission注入，允许进入, immerge浸入，没入 im- = (用在b,p,m之前)不、无、非, impossible不可能的, immemorial古老的，无法记忆的, imperfect不完美的, impolite无礼的, immoral不道德的, impassive冷漠的，无表情的, impure不

26、纯的, impersonal非个人的, imbalance不平衡的 im- = (用在b,p,m之前)加强意义，或表示使成.、饰以.、加以., impulse冲动，刺激, immanacle加以手铐, impel推动，驱使, imbrute堕落，使成禽兽, imperil危害，使处于危险, impearl使成珍珠，饰以珍珠 in- =不、无、非, inglorious不光彩的，不名誉的, incapable无能力的, incorrect错误的, incomparable无以伦比的, incomplete不完全的, insensible无知觉的，麻木不仁的, inhuman野蛮的，不人道的, i

27、njustice不公正, informal非正式的 in- =内、入, inside内部，里面, inbreak入侵, indoor室内的, intake入口，输入量，摄入, inland内地的，国内的, inbreathe吸入, inject注射，注入, inrush涌入 in- =加强意义，或表示使.、作., inspirit激励, inflame燃烧, intrench用壕沟围绕，使起皱纹, intone吟诵, invigorate鼓舞, ingraft接枝 infra- = below, infrared红外线的, infrastructure下部结构, infrasonic低于声频的

28、, infrahuman类人猿的，低于人类的, infrasound次声，亚音速, infraorbital眼眶下的 inter- =在.之间、.之际, intercontinental洲际的, interlay插入中间, international国际的, interline插写进去，写于行间, interoceanic大洋间的, intergroup团体之间的, intercity城市间的, interject插嘴，突然插入, interpersonal人与人之间的 inter- =相互, interchange交换, interview接见, interact相互作用, interwea

29、ve混纺，交织, interdependence相互依赖, intermix混合，混杂, intercourse交往，交流, interconnect使相互连接, intermarry通婚，近亲结婚 intra- =在内、内部, intraparty党内的, intrapersonal内心的, intracity市内的, intraregional地区内的, intraday当天的, intracompany公司内部的, intracollegiate大学内的, intra-trading内部贸易, intracloud云间的 intro- = within, introduce介绍, int

30、rospect反省, introverted内向, introflection向内弯曲, intromit插入, introvision内有 ir- = (用在r之前)不、无, irregular不规则的, irresistible不可抵抗的, irremovable无法移动的, irrelative无关系的, irrational不合理的，无理性的, irresolute犹豫不决的 ir- = (用在r之前)向内、入, irruption侵入，急速增加, irrigate灌溉 iso- =等、同, isogen等角多角形, isotope同位素, isotherm等温线 kilo- = on

31、e thousand, kilogram千克, kilometer公里, kiloton千吨 macro- = big, macroworld宏观世界, macroclimate大气候, macroscale大规模, macrocosm宏观世界, macrochange大变动, macrobian长寿的(人) mal- = wrong, maltreat虐待, malnutrition营养不良, malministration管理不善, malcontent不满的, malpractice玩忽职守，不法行为, malformation畸形, malfunction机能失常，故障, malodo

32、ur恶臭, malediction诅咒 meta- =超, metaphysical超自然的，形而上学的, metaculture超级文化, metamaterialist超唯物论者 meta- =变化, metamorphosis变形，变态，退化, metagenesis世代交替, metachromatism变色反应 micro- = small, microscope显微镜, microprocessor微处理机, microcomputer微型电脑, microbiology微生物学, microelement微量元素, microworld微观世界, microskirt超短裙, m

33、icrowave微波, microprint缩影相片 milli- = one thousandth, milliohm毫欧, millimeter毫米, millilitre毫升 milli- = thousand, millipede千足虫, milliennial一千年的, millifold千倍的 mini- = small, ministate小国, minicrisis短暂危机, miniskirt迷你裙、超短裙 mis- = wrong;wrongly;unfavorable, misuse乱用, mistake错误, misfortune不幸, misspell拼错, misd

34、oing恶行、坏事, misunderstand误解, misrule (施)暴证, misstep失足, mispolicy失策 mono- = one;alone, monarch独裁者, monotonous单调的, monodrama单人剧 multi- = many, multinational多国的, multilateral多边的, multiparty多党的, multi-purpose多种用途的, multilingual使用多种语言的, multiracial多民族的 neo- =新, neorealism新现实主义, neonatal新生的、初生的, neogamist新

35、婚者, neolithic新石器时代, neofascism新法西斯主义, neoimpressionism新印象派 non- =非, nonfiction非小说类文学作品, nonhuman非人类的, nonperiodic非周期的, nonmetal非金属, nonage未成年, nonwhite非白人 non- =不, nonsmoker不抽烟的人, nonaligned不结盟的, nonaggression不侵略不侵略, nonexistent不存在的, nonstop不断的, noncooperation不合作 non- =无, noneffective无效的, nonpayment

36、无力支付, nonparty无党派, nonsexual无性别的, nonelastic无弹性的, nonreader无阅读能力的人 octa- =八(亦作octo-与oct), octagon八角形, octosyllable八音节字(诗句), octolateral八边的, October十月(古罗马八月), octocentenary八百周年纪, octachord八弦琴 omni- =全、总、公、都, omnipresent无所不在的, omnipotent全能的, omniform式样齐全的, omnibus公共汽车、合刊本, omniparity一切平等, omniscient无所

37、不知的 out- =外、出, outburst爆发, outlet出口, outdoor户外的, out-party在野党, outwork户外工作, outtell说出, outflow外流, outbreak突发, outrush冲出 out- =胜过、超过, outdo胜过、超越, outrun超过、比.跑得快, outdistance远远超过(竞赛中), outgo走得比.远、支出, ourbrave以勇胜过, outlive比.长命、比.耐久, outact行动上胜过, outeat吃得比.多, outnumber数目超过 out- =过度、太甚, outsize特大号, outsi

38、t坐得太久, outwear穿旧、穿破 out- =除去, outroot除根, outlaw剥夺法律权利, outgas除去.的气 over- =过度、太甚, overstudy用功过度, overwork过度劳累, overload超负荷, overtalk过分多言, overpraise过奖, overuse使用过度, overdrink饮酒过量, overproduction生产过剩, overpay付得过多 over- =在上、在外、从上、越过, overbridge天桥, oversea海外的、国外的, overcoat外套, overleap越过, overshoe套鞋, ove

39、rlook俯瞰 over- =颠倒、反转, overturn傾覆、推翻, overthrow推翻, overset推翻、颠覆 paleo- =古、旧, paleozoology古动物学, Paleolithic旧石器时代, paleoclimate史前气候 pan- =全、泛, Pan-American泛美的, pancosmism泛宇宙论, pantropical遍布于热带的, pantheism泛神论, pansophic全知的, panchromatic全色的 para- =半、类似、准, para-party半政党组织, paramilitary准军事的, para-book类似书籍的

40、刊物, para-institution半官方机构, parastatal半官方的、半*的, para-government伪*的 para- =辅助、副, paralanguage辅助语言, paraprofessional专职人员的助手, paratyphoid副伤寒 para- =旁、靠近、外parasite寄生虫, paracentral靠近中心的, parabiosphere外生物圈的 para- =错误、伪, parachronism年代记录错误, paralogism谬论, paradox谬论、自相矛盾的话 para- =降落伞、伞投、空降, parabomb伞投炸弹, para

41、drop空投, parapack空投包裹 pen- = almost (亦作pene-), peninsula半岛, penultimate倒数第二的, peneplain准平原 penta- = five, the Pentagon (美国国防部)五角大楼, pentathlon五项全能, pentangular五角的 per- =贯穿、通、透、全、遍、自始至终, perspective透视, perennial全年的、常年的, pernocation彻夜不眠, permanent永久的, pervade遍及, perambulate步行巡视、闲逛 per- =加强意义, perplex困惑

42、, permute改变顺序, perturb扰乱, perfervid非常热心的, percussion敲击、打击乐, persuade劝说 per- =过、高, peroxide过氧化物, peracid过酸, permanganate高锰酸 peri- =周围、外层、靠近, pericentral中心周围的, periphrasis绕圈子的陈述, perilune近月点, perimeter周长，周边, periderm (植物)外皮, pericarp果皮 poly- =多, polyclinic联合诊所、综合医院, polyfunctional多功能的, polydirectional

43、多方向的 post- = after, postthumous父亲死后出生的, postpone推迟, postscript编后记, postwar战后, postgraduate研究生、大学毕业后的, postmeridian午后的 pre- =前, prewar , prelude前奏, premature未成熟的, prehistory史前的, preposition前置词, preschool幼儿园、学龄前的, precondition前提, predeparture出发前的, preteen 13岁以下的儿童, prefix前缀, predawn黎明前的, prehuman人类存在以

44、前的 pre- =预先, preexamination预试, prepay预付, prebuilt预制的, preheat预热, prechoose预先选择, predetermine预定、预算 pro- =向前、在前, progress前进、发展, prospect展望, prologue前言, prolong延长, protrude突出、伸出, project计划、发射, promote促进、晋升, propel推进、鼓励, protraction伸长 pro- =代理、代替, pronoun代词, procurator代理人, prolocutor代言人 pro- =拥护、亲、赞成, p

45、ro-British亲英的, pro-Bolshevik拥护布尔什维克派, proslavery支持奴隶制度 proto- =原始, protohuman早期原始人, prototype原型, protogenic原生的 pseudo- = false(在母音前作pseud-), pseudoscience伪科学, pseudo-democratic假民主的, pseudonym笔名, pseudomyopia假性近视, pseudology谎话, pseudography冒名作品 quadri- = four(亦作quadru-,在母音前作quadr-), quadruple四倍的，四重的,

46、 quadrilateral四边的, quadrennial四年的 quasi- = partly;seemingly;not real, quasihistorical带有历史性的, quasi-official半官方的, quasi-public私营公用事业的 quinque- =五(在母音前作quinqu-), quinquangular五角的, quinquennial每五年的, quinquesection五等分 re- =回、向后, retreat撤退、退休、降旗仪式, return归回，收回, recollect回忆，忆起, recall召回、回忆, reflect反射、反省,

47、retract缩回, regress倒退、退化, reclaim要求归还、回收, rebound弹回、重新振作 re- =再、重复、重新, reprint重印、再版, reproduction繁殖、复制, rearm重新武装, rebuilt重建, rebirth再生、复活、复兴, reexamination复试, remarry再婚, restart重新开始, reconsider重新考虑 re- =相反、反对, reaction反应、反作用, reverse相反的, resist反抗、抵抗, revolt反叛、造反, rebel造反(者), resent愤狠、不满 retro- = bac

48、k;backward;behind, retrograde退化, retrospect回想，回顾, retrogress倒退 se- =离开、分开, seduce引诱、拐骗, select选择, seclude使隔离, segregate分离, secede脱离, secern区别 semi- = half, semifinal半决赛, semiliterate半文盲的, semiconductor半导体, semiofficial半官方的, semimonthly半月刊, semi-colony半殖民地 sept- =七(亦作septi-及septem-), septangle七角形, septennial每七年的, septempartite分七部分的 sex- =六(亦作sexi-), sexangle六角形, sexcenten