小学英语毕业总复习资料.docx
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1、小学英语毕业总复习资料小学英语毕业总复习 一:学生易错词汇 1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a. 2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are. 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have . 4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are. 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 6. 疑问词的
2、选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) whywhen(什么时候)whichhow old (多大) how many how much 二:形容词比较级详解 当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是:什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than+ 什么 ,如: Im taller and heavier than you. An elephant is bigger than a tiger. 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: 一般的直接在词尾加er ,
3、如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加er,如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter 注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。 典型错误:My hair is longer than you. 比较的两者是我的头发、你,那么比较的对象就没有可比性。 应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than you
4、r hair. 比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4)How is the fish? Its 2kg. 二、根据句意写出所缺的单词 (1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you. (2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail. (3) An elephant is
5、than a pig. (4) A lake is than a sea. (5) A basketball is than a football. 三、根据中文完成句子. big 1 (1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. Im than my brother. (2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he. (4) 谁比你重? than you? 四、根据答句写出问句 (1) Im 160 cm. (2) Im 12 years old. (4) Amys hair is 30 cm long. 三:动词过去
6、式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有: 、规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed如 study studied carry carried worry worried 双写最后一个字母如 stopped 、不规则动词小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy b
7、ought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt 四:动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则: 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing
8、 ,如having , writing 双写最后一个字母的有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:人称和数 第一 人称 第二 人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 人称代词 主格 I we you you he 第三 人称 复数 六:句型专项归类 1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV
9、 yesterday evening. 2 宾格 me us you you him her it them 物主代词 my our your your his her its their 单数 she it they 2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch
10、 at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening. 注意 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isnt,arent”,但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词,然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“
11、did” 。 3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。 如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Are you going to buy a comic
12、book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.) Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent. Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 注意 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上, 把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即
13、可。 没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。 4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如: What is this? Its a computer. What does he do? Hes a doctor.
14、Where are you going? Im going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer. When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this? Its Amys. Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? Im fine.
15、/ Im happy. How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train. 3 其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many, how much, how tall, how long, how big, how heavy 例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils. How many girls can you see? I can see four girls. How many desks are there in you
16、r classroom? There are 51. 小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配, How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少? How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少? How many + 名词复数 + are there? 有多少? 七:完全、缩略形式: Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do no
17、t doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not 总结:通常情况下,m即am,s即is, re即are ,nt即not 八:与字母相关的题型 ( 注:五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu ) 一.将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上 Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii 二.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。 1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.
18、( ) Ww ( ) 三.用小写字母抄写下列单词。 1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( ) 三.将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来 1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E 四.写出与所给单词发音相同的字母。 1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you
19、( ) 九:pep小学英语词汇不完全归类表 学习用品(school things):pen钢笔pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book书 bag包 comic book漫画书 post card明信片 newspaper报纸 schoolbag书包 eraser橡皮 crayon蜡笔 sharpener卷笔刀 story-book故事书 notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书 magazine杂志 dictionary词典 人体:foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻
20、子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴 颜色:red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 black黑 pink粉红 purple紫orange橙brown棕 动物:cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象 ant蚂蚁 fish鱼 bird鸟 eagle4 鹰 beaver海狸 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 squirrel松鼠 kangaroo袋鼠 monkey猴 panda熊猫 bear熊 lion狮子 tiger老虎 fox狐狸 zebra斑马 d
21、eer鹿 giraffe长颈鹿 goose鹅 hen母鸡 turkey火鸡 lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 goat山羊 cow奶牛 donkey驴 squid鱿鱼 lobster龙虾 shark鲨鱼seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸 人物:friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔;舅舅 man男人 woman女人 Mr.先生 Miss小姐 lady女士;小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 parents父母 grandparents祖父母 grandma/grandmothe
22、r祖母 grandpa/grandfather祖父 aunt姑姑 cousin堂兄弟;堂姐妹 son儿子 daughter女儿 baby婴儿 kid小孩 classmate同学 queen女王 visitor参观者 neighbour邻居 principal校长 university student大学生 pen pal笔友 tourist旅行者 people人物 robot机器人 职业:teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机 farmer农民 singer歌唱家 writer作家 actor男演员 actress女演员 artist画家 T
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