工程硕士研究生英语基础教程英译汉完整版(Unit115)1.doc

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1、工程硕士研究生英语基础教程 英译汉 （Unit 1-15）Unit 11. Two noted Americans explain why its not what you earn-its what you learn.两位美国名人解释为什么不是你所挣的而是你所学的更重要。2. I have never thought I was better than anyone else, but I have always believed I couldnt be outworked.我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活儿别人都赶不上。3. Watching my money

2、grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.看着存款数增加比我当时原本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。4. I took a genuine interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup ideas.我发自内心地关心她们的问题，并能理解她们的愿望，给她们出些该如何化妆的点子。5. I ended up selling a record amount of cosmetics.结果我创下了化妆品销售的最好成

3、绩。Unit 21. With the click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the extremely fast speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second.只要用鼠标点击一下，在地球另一端的信息马上就会以每秒钟绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。2. Besides, if everyone shops on the Net ,

4、what will happen to the hundreds and thousands of shopping malls?此外，如果大家都在网上购物，那么成千上万的购物中心该怎么办呢？3. The huge power of electronic commerce (e-commerce) will change the face of trade dramatically.电子商务的惊人威力会使贸易的局面发生激动人心的巨变。4. The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand new era of

5、 “electronic currency” .电子商务的发展很可能会把世界带进一个“电子货币”的崭新时代。5. As the Net pushes the economy ahead rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Net market forward , resulting in the Internet itself becoming the worlds largest emerging market.在网络化高速地推动经济发展的同时，经济也反过来促进网络市场的发展，其结果是国际互联网本身将成为全球最大的新兴市场。Unit 31. S

6、o, if you lose a key species, you might cause a whole flood of other extinctions.所以，如果失去一个重要的物种，那也许会引起大量其他物种的绝迹。2. Instead of depending on largely ineffective laws against illegal hunting, it gives local people a good economic reason to preserve and animals.这种办法使当地人们可以为了经济上的原因而去保护动、植物，而不是依靠在很大程度上难以奏

7、效的那些反非法偷猎的规章制度。3. With corruption popular in many developing countries, some observers are suspicious that the money will actually reach the people it is intended for.由于许多发展中国家普遍存在腐败，一些观察家对这些钱财实际上能否到达应该接受这笔财物的人们手中表示怀疑。4. Sustainable management of forests requires controls on the number of trees whic

8、h are cut down, as well as investment in replacing them.森林的可持续管理既需要投资种植新树以取代被砍伐的树木，也需要对被砍伐树木的数量进行控制。5. In theory, consumers would buy only this wood and so force logging companies to go “green” or go out of business.理论上讲，消费者只能购买这些获得认可的木材，这将迫使伐木公司开始保护“绿色”，否则将无生意可做。Unit 41. The trend began in earnest

9、in 1995, when the Queen of England admitted that the Maori people of New Zealand had been shamefully treated, when the country was a British colony.这个潮流是从1995年才真正开始的。当时英国女王承认当新西兰还是英国的殖民地时，新西兰的土著毛利人曾遭到英国人的羞辱。2. Many political leaders, like most of their citizens, belong to post-war generations, who n

10、ow look on the conflict as more than simply the victory of good over evil.许多政治领袖，和他们的国民一样，属于战后的一代，他们现在认为那次战争并不是简单的正义战胜邪恶的战争。3. But its not just a sense of conscience, nor demands from pressure groups, which lies behind these apologies.支撑这些道歉的并不仅仅是良心的发现，也不仅仅是压力群体的要求。4. The Swiss government is still t

11、rying to put right the public-relations disaster that resulted from their partial apology from Switzerlands dealings with the Nazis in the 1930s and the 1940s.瑞士政府仍然还在摆平一场公共关系的彻底失败，其发生的原因在于他们对他们国家在20世纪30和40年代与纳粹分子的交往所做的道歉是有失公允的。5. So academic, in fact, that there is a concern that “sorry” might turn

12、 out to be the easiest word after all.事实上，这些风险是如此的空泛，以至于有一种担心，认为“对不起”这个词居然会成为一个脱口而出的说辞。Unit 51. The irony is that children start out as natural scientists, instinctively eager to investigate the world around them.有讽刺意义的是，孩子就是天生的自然科学家，本能地渴望探索周围的世界。2. This began a barrage of questions that lasted near

13、ly two hours.一下子一大堆这样的问题就提了出来，时间持续了将近两个小时。3. Science is not just facts but the meaning that people give to them-by weaving information into a story about how nature probably operates.科学不仅仅是事实，而是人们赋予它的内涵即各项信息汇总成为大自然的有根据地运行实况。4. Studies over the past three decades have shown that, after asking a quest

14、ion, adults typically wait only one second or less for a response no time for a child to think.过去30年代研究也表明了这一点，当问了一个问题后，成年人一般等待回答的时间也就是1秒钟甚至更少，没有留出时间让孩子进行思考。5. Instead, keep the ball rolling by saying, “Thats interesting” or “Id never thought of that way before”, or coming up with more questions or

15、ideas.反过来，要鼓励他们继续讨论，可以这样说“这个想法很有意思！”或者“我以前从来就没有这样想过。”或者，提出更多的问题和观点。6. Real-life impressions of nature are far more memorable than any lesson children can extract from a book or TV program.对孩子们来说，从书本和电视节目上学到的课程一点也没有他们对自然的亲身体会那么记忆深刻。7. By sharing your childrens curiosity, you can give them a valuable

16、lesson that extends far beyond the realm to experiment, in the face of difficulties.通过分享孩子的好奇心，你还能给他们提供超出科学试验领域之外的如何面对困难的有价值的教诲。Unit 61. Engineers have had a direct role in the creation of most of modern technology the tools, materials, techniques, and power sources that make our lives easier.工程师在绝大

17、部分现代科技的创新中发挥直接的作用，例如，为使生活更轻松自如，我们靠他们才有了工具、材料、技术和能源等。2. They develop complex scientific equipment to explore the reaches of outer space and the depths of the oceans.他们开发复杂的科学设备来勘探外层空间和海洋深处。3. They may work to reduce environmental pollution, increase the worlds food supply, and take transportation fas

18、ter and safer.他们致力于减少环境污染，增加世界粮食的供应，以及使运输更加快捷和安全。4. The construction of the gigantic Egyptian pyramids at Giza during the 2500s B. C. was one of the greatest engineering feats of ancient times.公元前26世纪，在吉扎建造的巨大的埃及金字塔是古代最伟大的工程奇迹之一。5. Then growing interest in new types of machines and new sources of po

19、wer to drive them helped bring about the Industrial Revolution of the 1700s and 1800s, during which, their role expanded rapidly.对新型机械和驱动这些机械的动力源不断增长的兴趣引发了18和19世纪的工业革命。在工业革命时期，工程师的作用得到迅速扩展。Unit 71. In this essay, Greene regrets that people can no longer trust each other and have to resort to elabora

20、te security systems to protect themselves and their valuables.在本文中，格林遗憾地指出人们已经不再彼此信任，不得不求助于各种复杂的安全设施来保护自身及其财产。2. Statistics show the crime rate is rising more dramatically in those allegedly tranquil areas than in cities.统计数字表明在那些据称是平静的地区，犯罪率的上升较之城市还要显著。3. The ad pointed out that, yes, it is the ins

21、urance companies that pay for stolen goods, but who is going to pay for what the new atmosphere of distrust and fear is doing to our way of life?诚然，广告显示的是保险公司会为你失窃的东西负责，但是又有谁会补偿这种不信任和恐惧的气氛给我们生活方式带来的改变呢？4. It simply didnt occur to managers that the proper thing to do was to distrust people.经理们从没想过怀疑别

22、人是正常行为。5. It was such a relief to solve this problem that we did not think much about what such a state of affairs says about the quality of our lives.解决这样的问题使我们松了一口气，以至于我们不去考虑这种情况对我们的生活质量意味着什么。Unit 81. As she stood in front of her 5th grade class on the very first day of school, she told the childr

23、en an untruth.开学第一天，当她站在五年级班级的面前，她对孩子们说了一句不实在的话。2. Mrs. Thompson had watched Teddy the year before and noticed that he didnt play well with the other children, that this clothes were messy and that he constantly needed a bath.汤普森女士一年前就见到泰蒂莲，还注意到他无法和其他孩子融洽地在一起玩，他衣服很脏，总是一副没洗澡的样子。3. Teddy is an excelle

24、nt student, well liked by his classmates, but he is troubled because his mother has a terminal illness and life at home must be a struggle.泰蒂是很优秀的学生，很受同学们喜爱。但他母亲得了绝症，他为此而困扰，家里的生活一定很艰苦。4. But she stifled the childrens laughter when she exclaimed how pretty the bracelet was, putting it on, and dabbing

25、 some of the perfume on her wrist.但她惊喜地称赞手镯的漂亮，把它戴到手上，并把香水轻拍在她首位上。这些动作止住了孩子们的笑声。5. Four years after that, she got another letter, saying that while things had been tough at times, hes stayed in school, had stuck with it, and would soon graduate from college with the highest of honors.四年以后，她收到另一封信，说他

26、尽管时常遇到困难，他仍留在学校学习，坚持了下来，他即将以优异的成绩大学毕业。Unit 91. The globalization of the worlds capital markets that has occurred in the past 10 years will be replicated right across the economy in the next decade.过去10年世界资本市场出现的全球化在未来10年中，也将在整个经济中重现。2. Demography and changing social mores mean that white males will

27、become a smaller fraction of the work force as women and minorities grow in importance.人口统计和不断变化中的社会习俗意味着，随着妇女和少数民族重要性的增加，白人男子在劳动力群体中所占比例将会减少。3. In addition, the need to produce goods and services at quality levels previously thought impossible to obtain in mass production and the spreading use of p

28、articipatory management techniques will require a work force with much higher levels of education and skills.此外，提供有质量的产品和服务的需要（而过去则认为大批量生产是不可能做到这一点的），以及参与型管理技术的推广应用，都将要劳动力具有更高的教育和技术程度。4. In a very real sense the world was not technologically competitive.完全可以说，当时世界上不存在技术竞争。5. Today we live in a world

29、 where American firms no longer have automatic technological superiority.今天，在我们所生活的世界中，美国公司已不再是自然而然地具有技术上的优势。Unit 101. Taxes put a big dent in family fortunes, and unless the heirs are careful and invest wisely, they can lose their millions as fast as their ancestors mad them.遗产税大大削弱家族的财富，获取遗产的后人如果不

30、小心或不谙投资，他们失去财富的速度就将像其先辈当年获得它一样快。2. Todays Horatio Alger heroes often come from modest backgrounds and rise to the top on pluck, luck and a clear idea of what they want.今天的具有霍雷肖?艾尔格笔下主人公特征的富豪们往往来自平凡的 背景，他们攀上巅峰靠的是胆识、运气以及有清楚的奋斗目标。3. Bill Gates, the Microsoft whiz, left Harvard to tinker with software a

31、nd developed the operating brain that is installed in nearly every personal computer.比尔?盖茨，那个微软的大能人，没有上完哈佛大学就去钻研软件，开发出一种几乎每台个人电脑都安装的工作大脑。4. They didnt drop out to avoid work they dropped out to start a company or devote themselves to an interest.他们退学并不是逃避工作实际上他们都是为了创办一家公司，或去从事自己感兴趣的事业。5. Eventually,

32、 you may reach the point where you can afford to spend the rest of your life at the side of a swimming pool with a drink in your hand, but you probably wont.这样，有朝一日你或许可以有资格把余生打发在游泳池边，手里端着饮料不过你很可能不会如此。Unit 111. Future-supplies of oil will be costly not simply in terms of dollars and cents but also in

33、 their effect on the environment.未来的石油供应代价会很高昂，这不仅体现在价格方面，更体现在其对环境的影响上。2. If we had continued to increase energy efficiency at the same rate, the stability of Iraq and Saudi Arabia would by now be of minor concern to the U. S. policymakers.如果我们当时一直保持同样的比率提高能源利用效率，那么目前伊拉克和沙特阿拉伯的政治稳定状况就不会受到美国决策者们如此的重视

34、了。3. When powered by hybrid technologies that combine electricity with the internal-combustion engine, such light vehicles will produce enormous oil saving.如果汽车靠结合电能和内燃机的复合技术驱动，那么这种轻型交通工具会节约大量燃油。4. If the U. S automobile industry waits for years to see if lightweight fuel-efficient cars are more tha

35、n a niche business, Lovins argues, it will one day discover that it has lost another market to overseas firms.洛文斯认为，如果美国的汽车业要等待若干年才能确认轻型低耗汽车是否为最佳发展，那么有一天它会发现国外公司已经占领了另一个市场。5. All reports that promise an easy solution to a complex problem need to be taken with a degree of skepticism, and Winning the

36、Oil Endgame is no exception.对所有承诺轻松解决复杂问题的报告都需要抱有一定程度的怀疑，对赢得石油残局也不例外。Unit 121. Advertising not only leads us to buy things that we dont need and cant afford, but also confuses our sense of reality.广告不仅诱使沃恩买那些我们并不需要而且买不起的东西,同时还混淆了我们的真实感.2. If fear is the negative motive for buying a product, then wan

37、ting a good image is the positive reason for choosing it. 如果这种担心的心理是我们消费产品的消极动机,那么希望自己有一个好的形象则是我们选择这种产品的积极理由了.3. Two people may choose different brands of toothpaste with the identical price, amount , and quality; each person believes that he or she is expressing his personality by choosing that bra

38、nd. 两个人所选择的可能是两个不同品牌的牙膏,即使这两种牙膏有着相同的价格、数量和质量。每个人都相信通过购买自己的品牌可以表达自己的个性。4. Psychologists have found that certain colors on the package of an attractive product will cause people to reach out and take that package instead of buying an identical product with different colors.心理学家们发现，有吸引力的产品，其包装上的特定颜色会使人

39、们伸手去取它，而不会去买另一种颜色的相同产品。5. They feel that they have freedom of choice, and they like to think they make wise choices. Unfortunately , they probably dont realize the powerful effect of advertising.他们觉得他们有选择的自由，并且总是认为他们做出了明智的选择。遗憾的是，他们可能没有认识到广告的强大作用。Unit 131. Each of us owes it to our spouses, our chil

40、dren, our friends to be为了我们的配偶、孩子、朋友，我们每一个人都有责任尽可能感受幸福。2. The concept that we have to work at happiness comes as news对于很多人来说，我们需要努力感觉幸福的这种说法可能是前所未有的。3. I once met a young man who struck me as particularly我曾经遇到过一位年轻人，他给我的印象是他特别成功、幸福。4. Only rarely do peoples jobs, spouses and children人们的工作、配偶、孩子很少能达到

41、这些想象出来的理想状况。5. The most obvious sources are those pursuits（幸福）最明显的来源是那些给我们生活带来目的的追求。 Unit 141. By enabling us to access stored information orally-aurally, talking 话语电脑由于能使我们用听、说的方式存、取信息，我们将最终可能以口头语言取代书面语言。2. From a Darwinian perspective, written language is the bridge从达尔文进化论的角度来看，书面语是连接人类口语文化第一黄金时代和

42、第二黄金时代的桥梁。3. The second golden age of oral culture has been visible to us since口语文化的第二个黄金时代自1877年留声机的发明以来已展露在我们面前。4. Like most technologies, written language will serve its function正如大多数技术一样，书面语言的功能在有更好的技术出现来取代它后，即告停止。5. This reality check will help us prepare ourselves to say goodbye在现实中的行不通有助于我们告别

43、书面语言，并迎接它的取代物-我们的老朋友，口语的归来。Unit 151. In decisions from how much to produce to whether to save and invest ,humans have在决策过程中，从生产多少到要储蓄还是要投资的问题，人类都被理所当然地认为是其自身利益的冷酷的理性计算器。2. Whether people will invest in shares or buy insurance depends on how they人们是投资股票还是买保险取决于对每个未来事件成败可能性的评估。3. Traditional economist

44、s had long thought-or assumed-that the prospect of a $1,000传统的经济学家一直认为或者是假定获得1000美元的预期能够大体抵消一个人可能出现的同样数目的金钱损失。4. Having identified these regions ,the hope is that future work can measure how the brain确定了大脑活动区域后，我们的希望是将来的研究能够搞清楚大脑在选择股票、赌博或是决定参加哪项退休金计划等情况下是怎样执行任务的。5. People tend much to prefer, say ,$100 now to $115 next week,人们更倾向于，譬如，现在获得100美元的回报，而不是下一周获得115美元的回报；可是人们却不在乎一年以后的100美元的回报和一年零一周以后的115美元的回报之间有什么不同。