初中英语句型转换训练详解及练习.docx
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1、初中英语句型转换训练详解及练习一陈述句变一般疑问句 第一种:含有be动词的句子 1.She is a girl.-Is she a girl? 2.They are students-Are they students? 3.I am a boy -Are you a boy? 4.We are sisters- Are you sisters? 对比1和2,我们发现:直接将be动词提前,再在最后加个问号就行了。 对比3和4,我们发现:把be动词直接提前外,还把I变成 you,we变成you.即第一人称变成第二人称。 所以我们可以总结出规则:含有be动词的句子变一般疑问句的方法就是: 第一步:
2、找到句子的be动词,再直接把它提前. 第二步:把第一人称变为第二人称,第三人称不变 第二种:含有情态动词的一般疑问句(can, may.),把情态动词调到句首。人称同第一种要做相应改变 例如: 陈述句:He can drive a car. 一般疑问句: Can he drive a car? 第三种:不含be动词与情态动词的句子 1.They like pens._ Do they like pens? 2.His parents play soccer_ Do his parents play soccer? 3.Iwatch TV every day_ Do you watch TV e
3、very day? 4.We play basketball after school_ Do you paly basketball after school? 5.Lucy has apples for lunch_ Does Lucy have apples for lunch? 6.He wants to go go a movie_ Does he want to go to a movie? 观察1和2:我们发现就只是在前面加了个do观察3和4:我们发现,除了在前面加了do ,还把I变成 you或把we 变成you 观察5和6:我们发现,在前面加的是does,且把“动词的单数三人称
4、形式”的s去掉了。 由此我们可以综合起来得出结论: 第一步:前面加do/does 第二步:有一人称的要变成二人称 第三步:有动词的单数三人称形式的要去掉s/es (还原) 所以,我们可以简化为:前加do/ does ;有一则变二 ;或还原 第四种: 含有have的句子 1 如何回答一般疑问句? Can you help me?你能帮个忙吗? Certainly.当然。 Could you please make less noise? 你可以小声一点吗? All right,sir.好的,先生。 Have you been there? 你到过那里吗? Never.从来没有。 一般疑问句的否定
5、式 一般疑问句的否定式,一般结构为系动词/助动词/情态动词+not+主语;也可为系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+not,如: Do you not/Dont you believe me? 你不相信我? Believe me?你不相信我? Is it not / Isnt it a lovely day? 天气难道不好吗? Are you not / Arent you coming?你不来吗? Will you not /Wont you sit down? 你不坐会儿吗? Is he not / Isnt he a doctor? 他不是医生吗? Does Helen not /Doesn
6、t Helen like chocolate? 海伦不喜欢巧克力吗? Will he not /Wont he go with you?他不和你一块儿去吗? 否定疑问句并不单纯表示提问,它常常带有感情色彩。否定疑问句的完全式比简略式所表达的语气更强烈些。 1)否定疑问句常常带有惊异、赞叹或责难等语气,如: Havent you read the newspaper? 你没读过这份报纸呀? Wont he come?他不来了? 2)否定疑问句有时暗示提问者期待着肯定的回答,如: Shouldnt we start now? 我们现在是不是该动身了? Wasnt it an interesting
7、 film? 那部电影是不是很有趣? 3)否定疑问句有时用来表示邀请或建议,如: Wouldnt you like to go with me? 你不想和我一块儿去吗? Wont you have a cup of coffee? 你不喝杯咖啡吗? 否定的一般疑问句的答语中,yes的含义为“不”,no的含义为“是”,但在回答这类句子时,应该注意yes后接肯定结构,no后接否定结构,这和汉语习惯不同,如: 2 1.Are you not Mr Smith? 你不是史密斯先生吗? Yes,I am.不,我是。 No,I am not.是的,我不是。 2.Havent you read this b
8、ook before? 你从前没有读过这本书吗? Yes,I have.不,我读过。 No,I havent.是的,我没有。 3.Dont you play chess?你不下棋吗? Yes ,I do.不,我下棋。 No,I dont.是的,我不下棋。 教你们一招:在这样的答语中,只要根据实际情况来判断,如果事实上是,就要用yes;如果事实上不是,就要用no。 练习题: 一、改为一般疑问句 1. I can skate well. _ _skate well? 2. Kate does morning exercises every day. _ Kate_ morning exercise
9、s every day? 3. The exam begins at nine. _ the exam_ at nine? 4. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. _ Ann_ the book to the library yesterday? 5. Theres something to eat in the cupboard. _ there_ to eat in the cupboard? 6. Mary likes scuba diving very much. _ Mary_ scuba diving very much
10、? 二、改为否定句,改为否定句的方法与改一般疑问句相似,找be动词,情态动词,助动词,然后就not等否定词即可。 13. She does the housework every day. She _ _ the housework every day. 14. Uncle Wang likes making things. Uncle Wang_ _ making things. 15. He returned the book to the library this morning. He_ _ the book to the library this morning. 16. The s
11、tudents of No.2 Middle School have gone for a picnic already. The students of No.2 Middle School_ gone for a picnic_ . 3 二特殊疑问句 1、特殊疑问句概述 特殊疑问句,也可称为“wh”-questions,因为它们多数都以who,where,when,which,whose,why这类词开头,如: How many oranges can you see in the picture? 你能在图画上看到多少个橘子? Where did you last see it? 你最后
12、一次看到这东西时是在什么地方呢? What did you eat yesterday? 你昨天吃了些什么? How do you usually go to school? 你通常是怎么去学校的呢? 2、特殊疑问句的构成及用法 它的结构一般为:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他),如: What can be done about it? 对此能做些什么呢? Which are yours?哪些是你的? Who would like to come for a game of football?谁愿意来踢场足球呀? What did yo
13、u say?你说什么? Why didnt you tell me? 你为什么没有告诉我? 特殊疑问句有时可有一个以上的疑问词,如: Which present did you give to whom? 你把哪件礼物给了人啦? When and where did you meet?你们何时在何地相遇的? 特殊疑问句有时须以介词开首,如: By whom is the book written?此书是谁写的? Since when have you lived here? 你从什么时候起住在这里的? 疑问词作主语或主语的定语时,与陈述句的语序相同,如: Who is in the room?
14、谁在房间里? “why+一般疑问句否定式”这种结构一般表示劲告、建议、责备等,而不能归为特殊问句,如: Why dont you come earlier? 你为什么不早些来呢? Why not go skiing?为何不去滑雪呢? 3、特殊疑问词 特殊疑问词可分为两类:疑问代词和疑问副词 疑问代词 疑问代词主要有五个,分别为:who,whom,which,what,whose。它们没有性和数的变化,除了who外也没有格的变化。 who谁作主语, 用来指人 Who is the girl under the tree? Who is not here? Whom谁 作宾语,用来指人 Whom
15、are you writing to? Whom do you want to see? Whose谁的用来指所属关系,如果作定语,一般后接名词 Whose pen is this? Whose are those shoes? Which哪个,哪些用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which girls will be in the sports meeting? Which hat is lilys ? What通常指物,也可指人,一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 4 What can you see in the picture? What is in the teachers room
16、? 疑问副词 疑问副词包括when,where,why,how及how与其他副词和形容词组成的疑问词。 when何时,询问时间 When will she return? Where何地询问地点 Where do you come from? Why为什么,询问原因 Why are you late for school? How如何询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school? How old多大,询问年龄 How old is Jims little brother? How much/many多少询问数量 How many friends
17、 do you have? How far多远,询问距离 How far is it from your home to school? How long多长、多久,询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing? How often多长时间一次,询问频率 How often do you go to see your grandparents? How soon多久,询问时间 How soon will you come back? 4、特殊疑问句的答语 特殊疑问句的答语的重点是对疑问词的回答非所问,因此,不再需要用yes或no。在回答时,可以用一个
18、词或词组,也可以用一个较为完整的句子。 Who has borrowed my bike?谁借了我的自行车? Jack. 杰克。或者 Jack has borrowed your bike. When did he borrow my bike?他什么时候借了我的自行车? This morning. 今天早晨。或者 He borrowed your bike this morning. Where is he?他现在在何处? At the office. 在办公室。 He is at the office. What is he doing there?他在那儿干什么呢?Working. 工作
19、 He is working. Whose bike is this?这辆自行车是谁的? Mr. Smiths. 史密斯先生的。 Its Mr. Smiths bike. 5 6 练习题 1.They bought a new bike yesterday. _ 2. She is a nurse . _ 3.She is my teacher. _ 4. He bought the red one ._ 5. It is my coat ._ 6. I am looking for my sister ._ 7. I get up at six . _ 8. I am from Hubei
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