元音音表(1).docx

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1、元音音表元音音标表 5个元音的字母音 a ei e i: i ai o u u u: 5个元音的短元音： a e bag cat hat map e e pen bed ten hen I i big pig sit hill o box hot dog frog u u but mum bus mug 12个单元音： 短元音e e i u 长元音 i: : a: u: : 8个双元音：ei ai u au i i e u 元音发音规则表： 1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep 开音节中的e/i:/ me be sh

2、e ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need ea /i:/ read eat meal seat 2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid 闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节) 闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym 位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility 3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never bett

3、er best 闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather 4.单元音/e/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact 闭音节中的 a / e / bad, lad, rat, cab 5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm 6.单元音 / / lot got job shop soft s

4、ong top hot box pot lock 闭音节中的o / / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft 7./ :/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought or / :/ or, sport, bored, horse, more, before a(+ll或lk) / :/ all, fall, talk, walk aw / :/ law, paw, draw, flaw, claw 8.单元音 /u/ cook book look put good full foot would u /u/ put,

5、full, pull, push, sugar, cushion oo /u/ good, took, wood, wool, stood, bedroom ou /u/ could, would, should 9.单元音 /u:/ too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose new oo /u:/ fool, booth, room, food ou /u:/ soup, you, group o /u:/ do, to, who 10./ / cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck 闭音节

6、中的u / but, hunt, sun, duck, luck 闭音节中的o / son, once, colour, other, money ou / rough, enough, touch, cousin, young 11.单元音 /:/ shirt hunt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse er /:/ herd, verb, mercy ir /:/ thirty, shirt, third, fir 1 ur /:/ turn, church, burn, nurse, curse or /:/ word, work, world,

7、worse ear /:/ heard, earth, search 12.单元音 / ago about asleep above again among mother brother 许多元音在非重读章节中读成/，所以/的拼写形式多种多样。如： about, sofa, doctor, colour, figure 13.双元音 /ei/ May pay way day same hay great gain pain spade a /ei/ save, face, pale ay /ei/ day, pay, may ai /ei/ wait, fail, strait ea /ei/

8、 break, great 14.双元音 /u/ no go so hole hope road home slow load foe soul o /u/ go, hello, no, open, over, joking, October oa /u/ coat, soap, boat, road, coast ow /u/ snow, throw, blow, show, know, window 15.双元音 /ai/ bye lie try eye cry die my five time mine like 开音节中的i /ai/ time, crime, rite, fine i

9、gh /ai/ high, might, night, light, bright y /ai/ cry, my, sky, fly, July, reply ie /ai/ eye, dye, bye 16.双元音 /au/ how now cow out mouse down house brown found ou /au/ about, around, found, sound, mouse ow /au/ down, crowd, town, brown, now, how 17. 双元音 /i/ boy joy toy voice noise join coin oil soil

10、toil oi /i/ oil, boil, join, coin, spoilt, voice, choice, noise oy /i/ toy, boy, enjoy, destroy, annoy, loyal, employer 18.双元音 /i/ ear here fear hear dear pier tear near really idea ear /i/ ear, dear, hear, clear, beard ea /i/ idea, real, theatre ere /i/ here, mere, severe eer /i/ beer, queer, engin

11、eer 19.双元音 /e/ care wear hair there fair careful various are /e/ care, share, fare, hare，careless air /e/ air, fair, chair，repair 20.双元音 /u/ tour sure poor pure cure tourist ur /u/ cure, pure, fury 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a 在开音节中 ei name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 bag dad hat map black back e 在

12、开音节中 i: he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 ou those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 C clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s

13、后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super 2 二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a在w音后面 C want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 : after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 ai find child light high o在-st -ld前 ou most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 come monkey love mother 三、元音字母在非重读音

14、节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a EE China another woman breakfast orange comrade village cabbage e E hundred student open weekend chicken pocket begin children i E/ holiday beautiful family animal ai exercise satellite o E second tonight somebody welcome Eu also zero photo u E autumn difficult ju: popular congr

15、atulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operate u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue 在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作E音，也可以读作音。 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 arar在w音后面 : car farm dark sharpener C: warm quarter towards oror在w音后面 C: forty morning short E: word worker wor

16、se er ir ur E: certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读E音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 are E care dare hare ere iE here mere ire aiE fire hire wire ore C: more score before ure juE pure cure

17、are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读E音，例如：picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读r音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day play air E air hair chair pair repair a

18、lal在f m前 C small ball talk wall all C:l always also salt almost 3 : half calm au/aw C: autumn daughter draw ea i: teach easy cheap please e heavy bread sweater weather ei break great ear iE hear dear near clear year E bear pear wear swear E: earth learn early ee i: jeep week green three eer iE pione

19、er deer beer ei/ey ei eight neighbour they i: either key eu/ew在j l r s后 ju: new few newspaper u: flew brew jewelry ie/eis音之后 i: piece field receive oa ou coat Joan boat goal oar/oor C: roar board door floor oi/oy Ci noise point boy toilet oo u: broom food tooth school book look cook foot good ou/ow

20、au flower house count down ou know row throw though young country enough u: group you soup our C: course your four auE our hour ours E: journey ui在j l r s后 ju:i fluid suicide tuition u: juice fruit suit 七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey ow ou yellow sparrow tomorro

21、w 元音字组在非重读音节中读E音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion Fn impression nation -sion在元音字母后 Vn vision decision occasion -tion在s后 tFEn question suggestion -sten sn listen -stle sl whistle -sure VE pleasure measure -ture tFE picture culture 八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音

22、字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everydayei handbag blackboardC: 有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + dayei日子 Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + dayei日子 holiday 假日 break中断 + fast:斋戒 breakfastE 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板C: cupboardE 碗柜 九、辅字组的读音 4 辅字组 读 音 例 词 b bike bus bag / bomb tomb cc在e前或在i/y前 k cake

23、 picture coat music s face decide cinema ch tF much chick rich teacher k school headache chemistry F machine -ck k cock pocket black knock d d doctor bread hand day -dge dV bridge fridge dr- dr children driver drink f f five four breakfast gg在e i/y前 bag garden go dV orange large German gh f cough en

24、ough / light daughter high gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 guess league dialogue w language anguish h h hot head house hand / hour honest j dV jeep jar joke join July k k kind bike skate make week kn- n knife know knock l l life milk school tall m m monkey come autumn -mn m autumn column solemn nn在k g音前 n not shi

25、ne ten note N uncle thank hungry -ng N morning young wrong p p paper plane pig ship pen ph f elephant photo telephone q k Iraq qu- kw quality quite r r red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 s sit sleep desk z music husband sc- sk scarlet s muscle science sh F she fish shirt wash t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前

26、 t ten letter meet F patient nation tch tF watch th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 thin thirty method T the these with than T clothe fathe r weather tr- tr tree train country truck v v very voice love leave w w week win wake sweet wait 5 / Answer two wh-wh-在字母o前 w what when white why h who whose w

27、hole x在重读元音前 ks box text exercise gz example exist exact wr- r write y- j yes yard yellow young z z puzzle zero zoo英语语音名词解释 1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。 0-01 2音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。 例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter 在两个音节的相

28、邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。 例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther 短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er 0-02 3重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-03 4开音节 绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by

29、stu-dent se-cret. 相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse. 0-04 5闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup 0-05 6双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。 例如：stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn in-deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如

30、： about before excuse repair for-get-ful in-ven-tor 0-06 7多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。 例如：el-e-phant con-grat-u-la-tion 词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scientific impression nation 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号 a 在开音节中 ei name plane Jane baby cake 1-01 在闭音节中 bag dad hat map black

31、back 1-02 e 在开音节中 i: he these me Chinese 1-03 在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes egg 1-04 i 在开音节中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite 1-05 在闭音节中 i fish big drink sit milk swim 1-06 o 在开音节中 u those close go hoe home no 1-07 在闭音节中 clock not box shop sock 1-08 u 在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09 在闭音节中

32、bus cup jump much lunch 1-10 在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super 1-11 二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号 6 a China another woman breakfast 2-01 i orange comrade village cabbage 2-02 e hundred student open moment 2-03 i chicken pocket begin children 2-04 i /i holiday beautiful fami

33、ly animal 2-05 ai exercise satellite 2-06 o second tonight somebody welcome 2-07 u also zero photo 2-08 u autumn difficult 2-09 ju(:) popular congratulation January 2-10 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operate 2-11 u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12 在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e

34、i 即可以读作音，也可以读作i音。 三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号 a在w音后面 want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 : after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 find child light high o在-st -ld前 ou most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 come monkey love mother 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音

35、例 词 编 号 ar ar在w音后面 : car farm dark sharpener 4-01 : warm quarter towards 4-02 or or在w音后面 : forty morning short 4-03 : word worker worse 4-04 er ir ur : certainly bird Thursday 4-05 辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry 4-06 -r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读音，例如：dollar teache

36、r martyr comfort Saturday 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 are care dare hare 5-01 ere i here mere 5-02 ire ai fire hire wire 5-03 7 ore : more score before 5-04 ure ju pure cure 5-05 完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读音，例如：picture pleasure 非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发r音，例如：salary 5-06 重读音节中元音字

37、母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读r音。 例如：parent zero inspiring story during 5-07 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。 例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit 5-08 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day play 6-01 air air hair chair pair repair 6-02 al al在f m前 : small ba

38、ll talk wall all 6-03 :l always also salt almost 6-04 : half calm 6-05 au/aw : autumn daughter draw 6-06 ea i: teach easy cheap please 6-07 e heavy bread sweater weather 6-08 ei break great 6-09 ear i hear dear near clear year 6-10 bear pear wear swear 6-11 : earth learn early 6-12 ee i: jeep week g

39、reen three 6-13 eer i pioneer deer beer 6-14 ei/ey ei eight neighbour they 6-15 eu/ew 在 j l r 后 ju: new few newspaper 6-16 u: flew brew jewelry 6-17 ie/s音后拼写为ei i: piece field receive seize 6-18 oa ou coat Joan boat goal 6-19 oar/oor : roar board door floor 6-20 oi/oy i noise point boy toilet 6-21 o

40、o u: broom food tooth school 6-22 u book look cook foot good 6-23 ou/ow au flower house count down 6-24 u know row throw though 6-25 young country enough 6-26 u: group you soup through 6-27 our : course your four 6-28 au our hour ours 6-29 : journey 6-30 ui ui 在j l r s后 ju:i fluid suicide tuition 6-

41、31 u: juice fruit suit 6-32 8 九、辅字组的读音 辅字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 b b bike bus bag 9-01 / bomb tomb lamb climb 9-02 c c在e前或在i/y前 k cake picture coat music 9-03 s face decide cinema 9-04 ch much chick rich teacher 9-05 k school headache chemistry 9-06 machine Chicago 9-07 -ck k cock pocket black knock 9-08 d d

42、doctor bread hand day 9-09 -dge bridge fridge 9-10 dr- dr children driver drink 9-11 f f five four breakfast 9-12 g g在e i/y前 bag gardon go 9-13 orange large German 9-14 -gh gh- f cough enough rough 9-15 sorghum spaghetti ghost 9-16 gu- -gue guess league dialogue guitar 9-17 w language anguish pengui

43、n 9-18 h h hot head house hand 9-19 / hour honest honor 9-20 j jeep jar joke join July 9-21 k k kind bike skate make week 9-22 kn- n knife know knock 9-23 l l life milk school tall 9-24 m m monkey come tomato 9-25 -mn m autumn column solemn 9-26 n n在k g音前 n not shine ten note 9-27 ? uncle thank hung

44、ry 9-28 -ng ? morning young wrong 9-29 p p paper plane pig ship pen 9-30 ph f elephant photo telephone 9-31 -q/-que k Iraq cheque 9-32 qu- kw quality quite quarter 9-33 r r red rubber ruler 9-34 s在音节开头或清辅音前 在元音字母间或浊辅音前 s sit sleep desk 9-35 z music husband 9-36 sc- sk scarlet scout Scotland 9-37 s muscle science 9-38 sh she fish shirt wash 9-39 t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 t ten letter meet 9-40 9 patient nation 9-41 tch watch catch match 9-42 th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther