老托福听力精选PartC原文汇总5篇.doc

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1、老托福听力精选PartC原文汇总5篇 为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，给大家整理老托福听力PartC原文，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。老托福听力PartC原文1Were going to start today talking about congressional aides, that is, the people who work for our congressional representatives, both in Washington and in the representatives local districts.今天我们将要开始谈谈国会助手，也就是说，为我们国会代表工

2、作的人，既在华盛顿，又在代表当地的区域。It used to be that members of Congress had a relatively small staff of people working for them, and the role of these people wasnt of primary importance.过去曾经是国会议员们有一个相对小的员工(规模、群体、数量)为他们工作，这些人的角色不是最重要的。But now there are thousands of congressional aides, and theyve profoundly affec

3、ted the way the whole government works.但现在有成千上万的国会助手，而且他们已经深深地影响到了整个政府工作的方式。Congressional aides work in two different locations: one, in the congressional representatives local offices, the districts from which they were elected, and two, in Washington.国会助手在两个不同的地点工作：一，在国会代表的当地办公室，在他们被选举的地区，二，在华盛顿。S

4、taff in the local offices help members of Congress stay in touch with citizens in their districts.在当地办公室的职员帮助国会议员与他们区域内的市民保持联系。These citizens can bring problems in in person, or by mail or phone.这些市民能亲自带问题来，或者通过邮件或电话。This personal connection between the aides and the local people can be helpful when

5、 the next election comes around.助手和本地人之间的人际关系在当下个选举到来时会有帮助。People remember the help they get from the office of their local congressional representative.人们会记得他们得到的来自他们本地国会代表办公室的帮助。But as you know, members of Congress have to spend most of their time in Washington taking care of their legislative dut

6、ies.但正如你所知道的，国会议员必须把他们大部分时间放在华盛顿，应付他们的立法职责。Over six thousand new laws are introduced in Congress each session.每次会议会有超过六千(项)新法被引入国会。Without help, representatives would have trouble keeping up with the proposed laws that directly affect their districts.没有帮助的话，代表们会在跟上直接影响他们区域的法案(这件事)上有困难。So thats why t

7、he congressional aides play a major role in Washington.所以这是为什么国会助手在华盛顿扮演了一个主要角色。They keep their bosses informed about pending legislation, organize hearings, and just keep their local congressional representatives up-to-date and informed on whats going on in other parts of Congress.他们随时通知他们的老板关于悬而未决

8、的法案，组织听证会，并且保持他们的本地国会代表跟上并被知会国会其他部分正在发生什么事。Now another thing congressional aides do is to help develop ideas for laws that their bosses can eventually propose to Congress.现在国会助手们做的另一件事是帮助在法案上出主意，使他们得老板能最终能(将之)提交给国会。This can be called the staffs entrepreneurial function, a bit like a business executi

9、ve trying to find out what products are most popular.这能被称作员工的创业功能，有点像一个商业经理试图找出那些产品最受欢迎。Congressional aides promote or encourage laws they think will be popular with the public.国会助手们促进并鼓励他们认为将会受到公众欢迎的法律。Youve also got other employees that work for the whole Congress, not just for individual members.

10、你们还会了解其他为整个国会工作的雇员，不只是为个体的议员。Well talk about these people next.下次我们将会谈到这些人。老托福听力PartC原文2Now, youve been reading articles about the tremendous damage done to life and property by earthquakes.现在，你们已经阅读了由地震造成的生命和财产的巨大损失。Thats why seismologists have been working so hard to develop methods of earthquake

11、prediction.这是为什么地震学家一直努力的工作以发展地震预测的方法。We can now predict earthquakes fairly well, but the predictions only locate potential areas of danger.我们现在能把地震预测的相当好，但是预测只能定位潜在的危险区域。They dont predict the specific time and location at which an earthquake is likely to occur.他们不能预测一场地震可能会发生的具体时间和地点Today I want to

12、 introduce to you three prediction models that have been developed.今天我想介绍给你们已经发展出来的三种预测模型。The first prediction model looks along earthquake faults, those cracks in the Earths crust, to find what are known as seismic gaps.第一个预测模型沿着地震断层看，那些地壳里的裂缝，寻找所谓的地震空白地带。Seismic gaps are places where the fault has

13、 shown little or no seismic activity for a long time.地震空白地带是断层很长时间显示很少或者没有地震的活动。This theory postulates that such places are due for a major shock.这种理论假设这样的地方应该受到一次大震。The second model relies on phenomena, like ground tilt.第二个模型依靠现象，比如地面倾斜。Using long cylindrical tubes containing water, observers noted

14、 that ground tilt tended to occur before major earthquakes.使用装水的柱形管，观察者注意到大地震前有发生地面倾斜的倾向。That led them to correctly predict the big Haicheng quake of 1975, the first successful earthquake prediction scientists have ever made.那使他们正确预测了1975年海城大地震，科学家作出的第一次成功的地震预测。A million people were evacuated from t

15、hat Chinese city before the earthquake struck.在地震袭击前，一百万人从那个中国城市转移。Unfortunately, this method hasnt worked consistently, so we cant say its been perfected.不幸地是，这种方法不是始终有效，所以我们不能说它是完美的。The third model is based on the theory that major earthquakes closely follow a series of minor ones.第三个模型基于一系列小地震紧随大

16、地震之后。Starting with the measurements and timing of the smaller quakes, a complex formula calculates the times of increased probability of a much larger quake.以小地震的测量值和时间开始，以一个复杂的公式计算一个大得多的地震的“增加可能性的时间”。Right now, this method, like the first method, cannot predict specific times and places, but that m

17、ay change as it is further developed.现在，这种方法，像第一种方法一样，不能预测具体的时间和地点，但是当它进一步发展后可能会有变化。For the moment, none of these models can predict with reasonable levels of confidence.目前，这些模型没有一个能做有合理水平的预测。老托福听力PartC原文3Thats an interesting question, Tom.那是个很有意思的问题，汤姆。Women did participate in the early days of mot

18、ion-picture making.女性的确参加了早期的电影制作。One of the most outstanding is Lois Weber.其中最突出的一个是Lois Weber。She is credited as the first consistently successful woman film director.她被赞颂为第一个始终成功的女性电影导演。In the early 1900s, when she first arrived in Hollywood, Ms. Weber made a series of experimental sound films.在二

19、十世纪早期，当它第一次到达好莱坞时，Weber女士制作了一个实验性的有声电影系列。Now this was almost 20 years before modern talking pictures were developed.这个几乎领先了当代“有声电影”的发展20年。The dialogue for her movies was recorded on phonograph records and then synchronized with the action on the movie screen, very innovative for that time.她的电影的对话被录在

20、唱片上，然后与电影屏幕上的表演同步，对于那个时代来说非常有创新性。In addition, Weber felt that movies should be educational as well as entertaining.另外，Weber感觉电影应该教育性和娱乐性并重。She made several highly controversial movies that dealt with the moral and social issues of her day.她制作了几个非常有争议的电影，涉及了她那个时代的道德和社会问题。And some of her most controve

21、rsial work addressed issues of particular interest to women.并且几个她最具争议的作品讨论了对女性特别感兴趣的问题。Unfortunately, Weber died in 1939, just as Hollywood was beginning to make films aimed primarily at female audiences, which brings me to my next point.不幸地是，Weber死于1939年，正当好莱坞开始主要瞄准女性观众制作电影。老托福听力PartC原文4Well, if th

22、ere are no more questions, I would like to continue our discussion of human evolution by looking at Homo erectus, the earliest of our ancestors who stood upright.好，如果没有更多问题的话，我想继续我们人类进化的讨论，通过看看直立人，最早的，我们直立的祖先。Homo erectus lived about one and a half million years ago and was given that name because,

23、at the time the first fossil was discovered, it represented the first primate to stand upright.直立人生活在150万年前，之所以得名是因为，在那时第一个化石被发现， 它代表了第一个直立的灵长类动物。There is evidence now that Homo erectus had sharper mental skills than their predecessors.现在，有证据(表明)直立人比他们的前辈有着更聪明的心智技能。They constructed the first standar

24、dized tool for hunting and butchering.他们为狩猎和屠宰制造了第一个标准的工具。They created an extraordinary stone implement, a large teardrop-shaped hand ax whose design and symmetry reveal a keen sense of aesthetics.他们创造了一种非同凡响的石器，一个大的泪珠形状的手斧，它的设计和对称性显示了一个敏锐的审美感觉。This detailing, along with the axs utilitarian value, s

25、trongly suggests that Homo erectus had the ability to conceive of and execute a design to specification.这个细节设计，同斧子的实用价值一起，强烈暗示了直立人有能力去设想并执行一个设计规范。In addition, Homo erectus was the first hominid to use fire.另外，直立人是第一种使用火的原始人类。This discovery enticed them to cook meat, which they could flavor and keep

26、from spilling by flame, and which paleontologists now believe may have given them a new disease.这种发现诱使他们去烹肉，这样他们能加味于(肉)并且阻止火焰的散落，而且古生物学者现在相信那(煮肉)带给他们(直立人)一种新的疾病。Some fossil bones of Homo erectus are grossly deformed, and paleontologists have noted that this condition is similar to that found in peop

27、le today who have been exposed to chronic overdoses of vitamin A.一些直立人的骨头化石是非常畸形的，古生物学者已经注意到这种情况同今天发现的长期过量接触维生素A的人是相似的。Apparently Homo erectus first got this disease by eating large amounts of animal liver.很显然，直立人最先得这种病是通过食用大量动物肝脏(造成的)老托福听力PartC原文5Yesterday we talked about the anecdote.昨天我们谈论过了奇闻轶事。

28、Today were going to move on to one of the most popular literary forms in Western literaturethe short story.今天我们将转移到西方文学最重要的文学形式之一短篇故事(叙事散文)A short story is a piece of prose fiction, usually under 10,000 words.叙事散文是一篇散文化小说，通常低于10000字。Although its similar to the anecdote, its really a separate literar

29、y form.虽然它相似于轶事趣闻，它事实上是一种单独的文学形式。Youll remember that the anecdotes sole purpose is to entertain, and that it does this by relating a curious or interesting event.你将记住轶事趣闻的唯一目的是娱乐，并且它通过关联好奇的或有趣的事件来做到这一点。Well, there are also events in short stories, but the short story uses the event as something a ch

30、aracter reacts to.好，在叙事散文里也有事件，但是叙事散文把事件用作角色作出反应的某事物。The readers interest is captured by the effect that this event has on the character in the story.读者的兴趣被抓住是由于这个事件在故事中对角色的影响。Were even likely to reread a short story to better understand the character who is being portrayed and why a certain event l

31、ed to a certain response or action.我们甚至喜欢重读一个叙事散文以更好地了解被描述的角色以及为什么某一个事件导致了某一种反应或行动。A short story, though, is not just a short novel. A novel is narrative.一个叙事散文，然而，并不仅仅是一个短篇小说。小说是叙事体的。It tells a detailed story that usually takes place over a long period of time.它讲述一个通常发生在一段很长时间的详细的故事。A short story i

32、s less comprehensive than a novel, and the focus is on a characters mental reaction to an experience.叙事散文是不如小说全面的，并且焦点是在角色对一种经历的心理反应。This reaction is the heart of the short story.这种反应是叙事散文的核心。Now I want you to think back to the short story you read for homework and Ill give you a list of questions to think about.现在我要你们回想一下你们作为作业阅读的叙事散文，而且我将给你们一个问题列表去思考。