中医英语词汇.docx

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1、中医英语词汇中医常用词汇 Terms Commonly Used in TCM 中国医药学 Traditional Chinese Medicine 中医基础理论 Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 临床经验 clinical experience 辨证论治 treatment based on syndrome differentiation 本草 materia medica, herbs 中药 Chinese materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs 四气五味 four properties an

2、d five tastes 针灸 acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox 各家学说 theories of different schools 汗法 diaphoresis, sweating therapy 下法 purgative therapy, purgation 吐法 emetic therapy, vomiting therapy 补土派 school of invigorating the earth 病因学说 etiology 养生 health-cultivation, 医疗实践 medical practice 治疗原则 therapeuti

3、c principles 寒凉药物 herbs of cold and cool nature, cold-natured herbs 滋阴降火 nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire 滋水涵木 enriching water to nourish wood 瘀血致泻 disease caused by blood stasis 先天之精 congenital essence 形与神俱 inseparability of the body and spirit 开胃 promoting appetite 脉象 pulse conditions, pulse pa

4、ttern 邪正关系 states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi 发热恶寒 fever and aversion to cold 头身疼痛 headache and body pain 久痢脱肛 proctoptosis due to prolonged 治未病 prevention of disease 脏腑 zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera 功能活动 functional activities 形神统一 unity of the body and spirit 阴阳失调 imbalance of yin and

5、 yang 条达舒畅 free development 延年益寿 prolonging life, promising longevity 养生防病 cultivating health to prevent disease 正气 healthy qi, vital qi 病邪 pathogenic factor 整体观念 concept of holism 疾病的本质与现象 nature and manifestations of disease 阴阳的相对平衡 relative balance between yin and yang 疾病的发生与发展 occurrence and dev

6、elopment of disease 同病异治 treating the same disease with different therapies 异病同治 treating different diseases with the same therapy 五脏 five zang-organs, five zang-viscera 六腑 six fu-organs, six fu-viscera 经络系统 system of meridians and collaterals 余热未尽 incomplete abatement of heat 有机整体 organic wholeness

7、/integrity 表里关系 exterior and interior relation 开窍 opening into 自然现象 natural phenomena 哲学概念 philosophical concept 对立统一 unity of opposites 相互消长 mutual waning and waxing 相互转化 mutual transformation 阴阳属性 nature of yin and yang dysentery 养阴清热 nourishing yin and clearing away heat 清肺热 clear away lung-heat

8、湿邪犯肺 pathogenic dampness invading the lung 清热泻火 clearing away heat and reducing fire 腠理 muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space 水湿停滞 retention of water and dampness, water retention 癃闭 retention of urine 气血运行 circulation/flow of qi and blood 阴阳转化 transformation between yin and yang 阳消阴长 yan

9、g waning and yin waxing 阴胜则阳病 predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang 阴胜则阳病 an excess of yin leads to deficiency of yang 阳胜则热 predominance of yang generating heat 寒极生热 extreme cold generating heat 热极生寒 extreme heat generating cold 阳损及阴 impairment of yang involving yin 阴液不足 insufficiency of y

10、in-fluid 病机总纲 general principle of pathogenesis 病机 pathomechanism, pathological mechanism 阴阳胜复 alternative predominance of yin and yang 虚寒证 deficiency-cold syndrome 扶阳退阴 strengthening yang to reduce yin 祛风散寒 expelling/eliminating wind to dispersing cold 消导积滞 promoting digestion and removing food ret

11、ention 潜阳熄风 suppressing yang to quench wind 母病及子 disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ 木火刑金 wood-fire impairs the metal 金水相生 generation between the metal and water 生克制化 interrelationship between generation and restriction 制则生化 restriction ensuring generation 木乘土 the wood over-restrai

12、ns the earth 绝对偏盛 absolute predominance 阳虚则寒 yang deficiency leading to cold 阴阳俱损 simultaneous consumption of yin and yang 阴阳两虚 simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang 阳虚发热 fever due to yang deficiency 阴阳自和 natural harmony between yin and yang 阳胜生外热 exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat 阳

13、中求阴 obtaining yang from yin 病理变化 pathological changes 临床诊断 clinical diagnosis 阴阳离绝 separation of yin and yang 相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each 生理功能 physiological functions 相互依存 interdependence 阴阳的互根互用 interdependence of yin and yang 阴平阳秘 yin and yang in equilibrium 相互制约 mutual restraint, mutu

14、al restriction/interaction 动态平衡 dynamic equilibrium 相互联系 interrelation 五行学说 theory of five elements 运动变化 motion and variation 传变 transmission of disease, progress of disease 子病犯母 disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ 正邪相争 struggle/combat between healthy qi and pathogenic factors 相生相克

15、 mutual generation and restriction 生我，我生 to be generated and to generate 克我，我克 to be restricted and to restrict 生中有制 restriction within generation 克中有生 generation within restriction 木曰曲直 wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally 火曰炎上 fire is characterized by flaming up 肝肾精血不足 insuffic

16、iency of liver and kidney essence and blood 肝阳上亢 hyperactivity of liver yang 心肝血虚 asthenia / deficiency of heart and liver blood 心肝火旺 exuberance of heart and liver fire 心火亢盛 hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire 滋肾养肝 nourishing the kidney and liver 方位配五行 correspondence of the directions to the five

17、 elements 温肾健脾 warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen 土爰稼穑 earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping 金曰从革 metal is characterized by change 病缓起 gradual onset of disease 肝阴不足 insufficiency of liver yin 相乘相侮 over-restriction and reverse restriction 水湿停聚 retention of water-dampness 肾阴不足

18、 insufficiency of kidney yin 心肾不交 disharmony between the heart and kidney 宣通水道 dredging water passage 通调水道 dredging and regulating water passage 行气利水 activating qi to excrete water 水液停滞 retention of fluid 后天之本 postnatal / acquired base of life 调畅气机 regulating qi activity 肝气上逆 upward flow of liver qi

19、 水曰润下 water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing 脾主运化 the spleen governing transportation and transformation 肝气郁结 stagnation of liver qi 胆虚证 gallbladder deficiency syndrome 腐熟水谷 digesting food 贮藏精气 storage of essence 治疗效果 curative / therapeutic effect 藏而不泻 storage without excretion 泻而

20、不藏 excretion without storage 表热里寒 exterior heat and interior cold 肝旺脾虚 hyperfunction of the liver and weakness of the spleen 大肉陷下 obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciation 面色红润 ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks 胆虚不得眠 insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia 导便法 laxation 水谷精微 cereal nutrien

21、ts, essence of water and food 传化水谷 transmission and transformation of food 脾阳不振 inactivation of spleen yang 脾胃虚弱 hypofunction/weakness of the spleen and stomach 地道不通 menopause 平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach 水火不济 discordance between water and fire 藏象学说 theory of visceral manifest

22、ations 奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu-organs 肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang 食欲不振 poor appetite 脘腹胀闷 epigastric distension and depression 嗳气酸腐 eructation with fetid odor 泌别清浊 separating the clear from the turbid 食物残渣 residue of food 大肠主传导 the large intestine governing transmission and transportation 癃闭 dysur

23、ia, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria 面黄肌瘦 emaciation with sallow complexion 调节水液 regulation of water 排泄糟粕 excretion of waste material 髓海不足 insufficiency of marrow-sea 精神委靡 dispiritedness, listlessness, lower spirit 月经不调 irregular menstruation 冲任不固 weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessel

24、s 经期延长 prolonged menstruation 小肠实热 sthenia-heat in the small intestine 气机调畅 smooth activity of qi 血瘀 blood stasis 气滞腰痛 lumbago due to qi stagnation 气虚滑胎 habitual abortion due to qi asthenia 脉道不利 unsmoothness of vessels 面色无华 lusterless complexion 脉象细弱 thin and weak pulse 面色萎黄 sallow complexion 汗血同源 s

25、weat and blood sharing the same origin 升降出入 ascending, descending, coming in and going out 气为血帅 qi serves as the commander of the blood 气血凝滞 stagnation of qi and blood 止珠偏斜 strabismus, squint, ocular deviation 跌打损伤 traumatic injury 动静结合 integration of motion and quietness/stillness 定喘 relieving asth

26、ma 心主血脉 the heart controlling blood and vessels 心气充沛 abundance of heart qi 防御外邪入侵 preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor 血液充盈 plenty of blood 气化不利 dysfunction of qi in transformation 气分热盛 excessive heat at qi phase 温养脏腑 warming and nourishing the viscera 清肺润燥 clearing the lung and mo

27、istening dryness 内伤头疼 headache due to internal injury 逆传心包 reverse transmission into the pericardium 宁心安神 calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind 惊悸不安 palpitation due to fright 血液生成不足 insufficient production of the blood 血液亏虚 deficiency of the blood 津液的形状、功能与分布 form, function, and distribution

28、of the body fluid 脉细无力 thin and weak pulse 离经之血 abnormal flow of the blood 气血生化之源 source for the production and transformation of qi and blood 肌肤干燥 dry skin 气的运动形式 the moving styles of qi 平肝止血 soothing the liver to stop bleeding 血液循行 circulation of the blood 畏寒喜热 aversion to cold and preference for

29、heat 气郁化热 stagnation of qi transforming into heat 瘀血阻络 blood stasis obstructing the collaterals 破瘀通经 breaking blood stasis to promote menstruation 祛瘀 eliminating stasis, expelling stasis 气不摄血 failure of qi to check the blood 肌肤甲错 squamous and dry skin 脏腑火热炽盛 exuberant fire and heat in the viscera 热迫

30、血分 heat invading the blood phase 寒凝气滞 stagnation of cold and qi 气滞血瘀 qi stagnation and blood stasis 津液的营养和滋润作用 the nourishing and moistening functions of the body fluid 腹痛拒按 unpalpable abdominal pain 津液不足 insufficiency of the body fluid 奇经八脉 eight extraordinary vessels, eight extraordinary meridians

31、 津液生化匮乏 scanty production of the body fluid 热盛耗伤津液 consumption of the body fluid due to excessive heat 水液代谢障碍 disturbance of water metabolism 水湿困脾 dampness encumbering the spleen 湿邪内盛 exuberance of interior dampness 脾虚水肿 edema due to spleen deficiency 运行全身气血 transporting qi and blood in the whole bo

32、dy 联络脏腑肢节 connecting with viscera, limbs and joints 循行路线 running route 十二正经 twelve regular meridians 经隧阻滞 blockage of meridians 经穴 meridian acupoints, Jing-River acupoint 经络辨证 syndrome differentiation according to meridians 经络感传 meridian conduction, channel transmission 经络现象 meridian phenomena 经络阻滞

33、blockage of meridians 舒筋活络 relaxing tendons and activating collaterals 刺血疗法 blood-pricking therapy 外感六淫 attacked by six climate pathogenic factors 阳气衰退 decline of yang-qi 六淫 six climatic evils 内生五邪 five endogenous pathogenic factors 风邪外袭 pathogenic wind attacking the superficies 游走性关节疼痛 migratory ar

34、thralgias 湿热泄泻diarrhea due to damp-heat 经气 meridian qi 十二皮部 twelve skin areas, twelve skin regions/divisions 十二经筋 twelve meridian tendons 饮食劳倦 improper diet and overstrain 风寒感冒 common cold due to wind-cold 经别 divergent meridians 气滞津停 retention of fluid due to stagnation of qi 身倦乏力 lassitude 伤津脱液 con

35、sumption and loss of the body fluid 津液的生成、输布和排泄 production, distribution, and excretion of the body fluid 脾的“散精”功能 the function of the spleen to “dissipate essence” 水液停聚 retention of water 胃的“游溢精气” the function of the stomach to “distribute essence” 津液的代谢平衡 the metabolic balance of the body fluid 风为

36、百病之长 wind is the leading factor in causing various diseases 气随津脱 exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid 濡养肌肤 moistening and nourishing the skin 经脉之海 sea of meridians 滋养脏腑 moistening and nourishing the viscera 十二经别 twelve branches of meridians 血脉调和流畅 smooth and normal flow of the blood 机体正常水液 nor

37、mal fluid inside the body 感受寒邪 attacked by pathogenic cold 虚实夹杂 deficiency complicated with excess, asthenia complicated with sthenia 寒性凝滞 cold tending to stagnate by nature 腠理闭塞 blockage of muscular interstices 经脉拘急收引 contraction of tendons 湿邪困脾 pathogenic dampness encumbering the spleen 疾病的发生、发展与变

38、化 occurrence, development and changes of disease 体质强弱 conditions of constitution 气血功能紊乱 dysfunction of qi and blood 阴阳偏盛大 relative predominance of yin and yang 五志过极 extreme changes of emotions 精气夺则虚 depletion of essence causing deficiency 阴阳互损 mutual consumption of yin and yang 真热假寒 true heat and fa

39、lse cold 气机郁滞不畅 stagnation of qi activity 津液代谢失常 disorder of fluid metabolism 寒热往来 alternate attacks of chill and fever 津伤化燥 consumption of fluid transforming into dryness 风火胁痛 hypochondriac pain due to wind-fire distortion 湿浊内生 endogenous turbid dampness 虚火上炎 flaming of asthenia-fire 邪气内陷 internal

40、invasion of pathogenic factors 大肠热结 retention of heat in the large intestine 心脉瘀阻 blood stasis in the heart vessels 镜面舌 mirror-like tongue 饥不欲食 hunger without desire for food 脉有胃气 pulse with stomach qi 清里泄热 clearing away heat in the interior 寒证化热 cold syndrome transforming into heat syndrome 轻宣润燥 di

41、spersing lung qi and moistening dryness 四肢抽搐 convulsion of the limbs 脏腑辨证 syndrome differentiation of viscera 病位与病性 location and nature of disease 表里同病 disease involving both the exterior and interior 风热眩晕 vertigo due to wind-heat 寒热错杂 simultaneous occurrence of cold and heat 表情淡漠 apathetic facial e

42、xpressions 精神不振 dispiritedness 神志不清 unconsciousness 精充气足 sufficient essence and abundant qi 预后良好 favorable prognosis 口眼歪斜 wry mouth with distorted eyes, facial 生津安神 promoting the production of body fluid and tranquilizing the mind 蓄血发黄 jaundice due to blood accumulation 脾阳不振 inactivation of spleen y

43、ang 阴虚生内热 yin deficiency generating interior heat 热极生风 extreme heat producing wind 七情内伤 internal injury due to emotional disorder 饮食不节 improper diet 暴饮暴食 craputence 神昏谵语 coma and delirium 四诊合参 combined use of the four diagnostic methods 精神活动 mental activities 面部表情 facial expressions 经闭发肿 amenorrhea

44、with edema 邪正盛衰 predominance or decline of pathogenic factors and healthy qi 病症的虚实变化 asthenia and sthenia changes of disease 机体的抗病能力 body resistance 五心烦热 feverish sensation over the five centers 五心 five centers (palms, soles and chest) 舌淡苔白而润滑 light-colored tongue with white and slippery coating 祛风解

45、痉 expelling wind to relieve convulsion 恶寒与恶热 aversion to cold and aversion to heat 口干唇裂 dry mouth with cracked lips 脉数无力 rapid and weak pulse 寒邪郁而化热 stagnation of pathogenic cold changing into heat 未病先防 preventing measures taken before the occurrence of disease 补气健脾 invigorating qi and strengthening

46、 the spleen 补血养心 enriching blood to nourish the heart 水气凌心 water attacking the heart 心悸多梦 palpitation and dreaminess 调摄精神 regulating mental states 血脉流畅 smooth circulation of blood 关节通利 smooth movement of joints 气机调畅 free activity of qi 益寿延年 promoting longevity 治病求本 treatment of disease must concentr

47、ate on the principle cause of disease 急则治其标 relieving the secondary symptoms first in treating acute disease 通腑泄热 purging fu-organs to eliminate heat 标本兼治 treatment focusing on relieving both the secondary and primary symptoms 痰湿壅肺 accumulation of phlegm-dampness in the lung 祛虫消积 removing parasites

48、to eliminate accumulation 高热谵妄 high fever with delirium 和血止痛 regulating blood to alleviate pain 寒因寒用 treating pseudo-cold syndrome with herbs of cold nature 热因热用 treating pseudo-heat syndrome with herbs of heat nature 塞因塞用 treating obstructive syndrome with tonifying therapy 发汗解表 relieving exterior syndrome by diaphoresis 风热乳蛾 tonsillitis due to wind-heat 痰饮咳嗽 cough due to fluid rete