考研英语翻译真题精讲(1).docx
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1、考研英语翻译真题精讲凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! 考研英语:翻译真题精讲 一、全真试题 Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful,ground-clearing way to start.Actually,it isnt,because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights,which is something the world does not have. On one
2、view of rights,to be sure,it necessarily follows that animals have none.72)Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract,as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore,animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd,for
3、exactly the same reason,so is the idea that tigers have rights. However,this is only one account,and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some peoplefor instance,to infants,the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition,it is unclear what force
4、 a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says “I dont like this contract?” The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites y
5、ou to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans,or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another,more fundamental question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all? Many deny it.Arguing from the view
6、 that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect,extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistakea sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans. This
7、view,which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical” .In fact it is simply shallow: the ethical equivalent of learning to crawlis to weigh others interests against ones own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is
8、no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy.When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. 二、翻译题解 Actually, itisnt,becauseitassumesthatthe
9、reisan agreed account of human 第1页共1页 凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! rights,whichissomething the worlddoes not have. 句子拆分: 拆分点参考:标点符号,从属连词 Actually, it isnt, because it assumes / that there is an agreed account of human rights, / which is something the world does not have 解析: 句子主干结构是主从复合句。 because引导原因状语从句 从句中是存在
10、句结构there is an agreed account of human rights为assume的宾语从句。 词的处理: actually事实上 it主语代词,根据上下文意思这种问法,这种说法,isnt后面省略的词应该是so或true an agreed account约定的看法,共同的认识 human rights人的权利,人权 技巧点拨: Actually , it isnt是主句。如果直接翻译,可以翻译为“事实上,它不是”。这样翻译显然是不对的,因为译文既不通顺,也不完整,让人不知所云。考虑到汉语的习惯,把“事实上,它不是”这个译文进一步调整为“事实并非如此”就可以接受了。其实,
11、这个主句有两个问题需要在翻译的时候弄明白。其一,代词it的指代,必须根据上下文才能弄清楚。上文只有三句话:Do animal have right? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a ground-clearing way to start.然后说“Actually, it isnt”。这样,就可以清楚的发现,句子中代词it应该指代the question,即Do animal have right?这个问题。所以,代词it可以翻译为“这个问题,或这种说法” 等,其二,it isnt是一个省略句,省略了表语的部分
12、。返回原文,看上文就可以清楚的发现,it isnt应该是it isnt应该是it isnt a ground-clearing way to start。由于表语的部分太长,所以省略了。 There be句型通常翻译为“有”,这个部分可以直接翻译为:“有一个人权的共同认识,”进一步可调整为“对人权有共同的认识”。 Which引导的非限定性定语从句,根据翻译的方法可以组合在其先行词后面,采用重复先行词的翻译方法;that引导的一个定语从句,可以直接组合到其所修饰的something之前。整合之后可以翻译为,“这种共同认识是世界上并没有的”,或者进一步根据汉语的习惯可以调整为:这种共同认识并不存在
13、。 再把主句和从句整合在一起,发现其实,which is something the world doesnt have这个定语从句跟前面的部分是一个转折关系,所以将这个定语从句翻译为一个表示转折关系的状语从句更符合汉语语言习惯。所以我们再次增加一个表示转折关系的连词:而这种共同认识并不存在。 完整译文: 事实并非如此,因为这种问法是以人们对人权有共同的认识为基础的,而这种共识并不存在。 Some philosophersarguethatrightsexistonly within a social contract, as 第2页共2页 凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路! part of
14、an exchange of duties and entitlements. 句子拆分: 拆分点参考:标点符号,从属连词,介词短语 Some philosophers argue / that rights exist only within a social contract, / as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. 解析: 主干结构是主从复合句:Some philosophers argue that. that引导的是argue的宾语从句 介词短语within a social contract为状语修饰exist 词的
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