初中英语代词讲解及习题(附答案.docx

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1、初中英语代词讲解及习题(附答案第三章 代词： 代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 第一节 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 1、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 第一人 称单数 主 格 I (我) me (我) 第单阳性 三数 阴性 人称第一人称复数 we (我们) us (我们) 第二人称复数 you (你们) you (你们) 第二人 称单数 中性 第三人称复数 you (你) he (他) him (他) she (她) it (它) they (他们,她们,它们) them (他们,

2、她们,它们) 宾 格 you (你) her (她) it (她) 、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如： I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了？) / Thats it.(就那么回事) / Its he!(是他！) 、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write let

3、ters to her.(我们常给他写信) 、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：-Who is it?(是谁？) Its I/me.(是我。) 、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“youheI”的1 顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) You and me.(你和我) she will lend him _ . ( she ) 3

4、.Jack has a dog and so have I._(he)dog and _( I ) had a fight (打架). 4. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ ( he ) 5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us. ( they ) 6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ . (we ) 7. This isnt_knife. _ is green. ( she

5、 ) 8. These are your books Kate.Put _in the desk，please.(they ) 9. _ must look after _ things. ( you ) 10. Wei Fang，is that _ ruler? Yes，its.( you ) 11. They want a football. Give _the green one，please. ( they) 12. Its Lin Taos bag. Give it to _. ( he ) 13. Is this pencil-box Li Leis? No，_ is very n

6、ew. ( he ) 14. This box is too heavy. I cant carry _. ( it ) Dont worry，Let _( I ) help _. ( you) 15. _is a boy_ name is Mike.Mikes friends like _ very much. ( he ) 16. My sister is in _ room. _ is a teacher. ( she ) 17. Jane is a little girl. _ mother is a nurse. ( she ) 18. We are in _ classroom.

7、_ classroom is big. ( we) 19. My father and mother are teachers. _ are busy ( them) 20. You are a pupil. Is _ brother a pupil, too? ( you ) 三. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. 2. 3. 4. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green.

8、We all like _(she，her，hers). (I，Me，My，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you help _(I，me，my，mine)? Tom cant get down from the tree. 5 5. 6. Can you help _(he，him，his)? We cant find our bikes. Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)? These are _(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine). 四、用括号中的适当形式填空 1

9、 Are these _pencils?Yes,they are _. 2 Whose is this pencil? Its _. 3 I love _very much. 4 She is_classmate. 5 Miss Li often looks after_brother. 6 Are these _bags ？ No, they arent _. They are _. 七、选择填空. 1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesnt enjoy _. A. he B. him C. his D. himsel

10、f 2. Lily was 9 years old. _ was old enough to go to school _. A. She , she B. She , herself C. Her, herself D. Her. she 3. Jims watch is much newer than _. A. hers B.she C. her D. herself 4. Would you like _for super? A: something Chinese B：Chinese something C: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything

11、5. _ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it. A. She B. Shes C. Hers D. Her 6. Who taught you English last year? Nobody taught me . I taught _. A. me B. myself C. mine D. I 7. That bike is _? Ahe B. him C. his D. it 8. We bought _ a present, but _ didn”t like it. A. they, them B. them , the

12、y C. themselves , their D. theirs, they 9. Whos singing over there ? _ is Sandys sister. A. That B. It C. She D. This 10. _ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii. A. She, you and I B. You, she and I 6 C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you 11. Between you and _, he is not a real friend. A. me B. I C

13、. he D. his 12. My uncle bought a new bike for _. A. theirs B. they C. me D. I 13. Heres a postcard for you, Jim! Oh, _ is from my friend, Mary. A. he B. it C. she D. its 14. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to _. A. he B. his C. her D. him 15. Will anyone go o

14、n a trip with him ? Not _. A. I B. me C. mine D. he 16. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by _. A. he B. his C. him 答案：一、1、she her 2、it 3、it it 5、mine 6、they 7、they 8、she her her her her 9、he 10、her 11、it 二、1、my yours 2、his hers 3、his mine 4、his 5、them 6、ours 7、her her 8、them 9、yo

15、u your 10、your 11、them 12、him 13、his 14、it me you 15、he his him 16、her she 17、her 18、our our 19、they 20、your 三、1、them 2、our her 3、i me 4、him 5、us 6、his mine 四、1、your ours 2、mine 3、them 4、my 5、her 6、their their ours 七、1、D 2、B 3、A 4、D 5、D 6、B 7、C 8、B 9、C 10、B 11、A 12、C 13、B 14、B 15、B 16、C 反身代词: 1. Tho

16、se girls enjoyed _ in the party last night. A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself 2. Help _ to some fish, children. A. yourself B. your C. yours D. yourselves 3. The film _ is very fun. A. its B. itself C. it D. its 7 4. Who teaches _ math? I teach _. A. your, my self B. you, myself C. you, me D.

17、 you, herself 5. The father will make _ a bike _. A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself 6. 6. The scarf is _, she made it_. A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself 7. . Liu Hulans death was great. She thought more of others than _. A. her B. she C.

18、 hers D. herself 8. Luckily, he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday. A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they 9. I cant mend my shoe _. Can you mend it for _? A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me 10. I like watching _ in the mirror. A. me B. I C. my D. myself Key: 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7.

19、 D 8. C 9. A 10. D 指示代词： ( ) 1 Whos that at the door? _ is the postman. A. She B. This C. It D. He ( ) 2 -Whos that in the picture? A. Its me B. Thats I C. This is a boy D. Its I ( ) 3 -Look, who is coming? -_ must be our English teacher. A. She B. He C. It D. This ( ) 4 Someone is knocking at the d

20、oor, but who can_ be? A. one B. he C. she D. it 4 ( ) 1 _ was late summer and the weather was very hot. A. That B. It C. This D. Its ( ) 2 What time is _ now? A it B. all C. this D: that ( ) 3 _ a heavy rain last night. A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is ( ) 4 _ is 200 kilometres from here

21、 to the natural park. We have to go there by car. A. There B. It C. This D. The place 3. 1-4 D A D D 4. 1-4 B A B B 6、关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词,参见后面的定语从句。 1、关系代词who 、which、 that 、whom 等,将定语从句和主句连接起来。英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分,另一方面又起连接作用。 8 如：The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在画画的学生是一年级的

22、) 2、关系代词who / whom指人,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如： Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat? (你认识那个戴着红帽子的男人吗？) 3、关系代词which 指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如：Have you found the book which you lost several days ago?(你找到几天前丢失的那本书了吗？) 4、关系代词that既可指人也可指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如：Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river

23、 bank ?(你看得见顺着河跑的男人/狗了吗？) 7、连接代词：用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的连接词称连接代词。 英语中连接代词主要有：what(什么),who(谁),whom(谁),which(哪个),whose(谁的)。详见相应从句。 10、疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。 1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语,但在介词后则只能用whom。如： Who(m) did you invite to your birthday par

24、ty?(你都邀请了谁参加你的生日聚会的？) / What does she want to be when she grows up?(她长大了想干什么？) 2、who 和whom只能独立使用,其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语；而what、which、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。如： Who is that man?(那男的是谁？) / What colour are their hats?(他们的帽子是什么颜色？) / Which car was made in Germany?(哪辆车是德国造的？)(被动

25、句) 注意这个提问：The man in the car is my father.(车里的男人是我父亲) Which man is your father?(哪个男人是你的父亲？) 3、which除了可以询问指代的情况之外,还可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色、大小、状况等进行提问。如：People there live a very sad life.(那里的人生活凄惨) Which people live a sad life? (哪些人生活凄惨？)/ -Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?(为了度假你预订了哪家旅馆？)The

26、biggest one in Haikou.(海口最大的那家旅馆) 4、疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数,但是通常用单数；如9 果修饰名词,则以名词的单复数为准。如：Who is (are) in that playhouse?(谁在游戏房里？) / What is that? (那是什么？)/ What are those? (那些是什么？) / What colours do they have?(它们有哪些颜色？) 8 ( ) 1 _ is the best season of the year? A. When B. What C. Which D. What tim

27、e ( ) 2 o-_ is your sister? -She is a nurse. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who ( ) 3 -_ colour are your new shoes? -They are brown. A. Any B. Whose C. Which D. What ( ) 4 -_ is your classmate John like? -Hes very tall. A. How B. What C. Who D. Which 9) ( )1 _ has happened and _ did it? A. Who; who B. W

28、hat; who C. What; what D. Who; what ( ) 2 Who waiting outside? Please ask them to come in. A. is B. has C. have D. are 10 ( ) 1 -_ is that man over there? -Hes Mr Green. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who ( ) 2 -_ is the boy standing there? -He is my brother. A. Which B. What C. How D. Who ( ) 3 Who _ t

29、he little American boy over there? A. were B. are C. is D.1 am ( )4 Who_these tall men? A. is B. am C. are D. was 11 ( ) 1 _ one do you like, the blue one or the red one? A. What B. Which C. That D. This ( ) 2 -_ is bigger? -The yellow one. A. who B. whom C. which D. It ( ) 3 _ of you would like to

30、go with us? A. Who B. Which C. All D. Both 10 12 ( ) 1 -_ bag is this? -Its Jacks.A. What B. Which C. Whose D.Whos ( ) 2 -_ pencils are these? -They are theirs. A. Which B. Whose C. / D. These ( ) 3 _ house is being repaired? A. hat B. Where C. Who D. Whose 13 ( ) 1 Please find out _ he is looking a

31、fter at home. A. who B. which C. whom D. when ( ) 2 _ do you think you should help? A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Whom ( ) 3 He told me _ he was sent for. 30 ( ) 1 The man missed the bus. _ is why he was late for the meeting. A. It B. That C. This D. All ( ) 2 He has to stay at home. _ he has a bad c

32、old. A. This is because B. Thats why C. So is it D. The reason is ( ) 3 -How many books are there on the table? Only four. A. This is all rightB. Thats all right C. Thats right D. It is all right A. whom B. that C. both D. Where 8. 1-4 D A D B 9. 1-2 B D 10. 1-4 D D D D 11. 1-3 B D B 12. 1-3 B D D 1

33、3. 1-3 D D A 30. 1-3 B A D 8、不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。 11 单数 含义 each / / (every) one either, neither the 复合不 sother, 定代词 o another sono 不可数 me no含义 anne y much little, a little / / / all / others, the others / 复数 含义 many few, a few ones both 注：复合不定代词有12个：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), a

34、nything (任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). (1)some和 any 的用法： some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如：I have some work to do today. (今天我有些事情要做)/ They will go there some day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿) some 用于疑问句时,表示建议、请求或希

35、望得到肯定回答。如：Would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡吗？) any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如：They didnt have any friends here. (他们在这里没有朋友)/ Have you got any questions to ask?(你有问题要问吗？) any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.(随便带什么朋友来吧。) (2)no和none的用法： no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”

36、,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不12 可数名词。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.(没有时间了,请快点) / They had no reading books to lend.(他们没有阅读用书可以出借) none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示复数或单数。如：None of them is/are in the classroom.(他们当中没有一个在教室里) / I have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的书,但没有一本是有趣的) (3)a

37、ll和both的用法： all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。 both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如：I know all of the four British students in their school.(他们学校里四个英国学生我全认识) / -Would you like this one or that one? Both.(你要这个还是那个？两个都要。) all和both既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both +

38、of the +名词(复数)”的形式,其中的of 可以省略。如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都调皮) (4)every和each用法： every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个”,表示整体概念； each是形容词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个”或者“各个”,表示单个概念；each可以放在名词前,可以后跟of短语,与动词同时出现时要放在“be动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者行为动词之前 every和each都用作单数理解,但是下文中既可以用单数的代词(如he/him/his)也可以用复数的代词(如they/them/t

39、heir)替代。如：Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.(他班上每个学生学习都很用功) / They are very busy. Each of them has something to do.(他们很忙,人人都有事干) (5)either和neither的用法： either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”；neither是either的否定形式,意思是“两个都不”。 neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作单数。如：I dont care much for what to drink.

40、Either of the two will do. (我不介意喝些什么,两个之中随便哪个都行) / -Will you go there by bus or by car? Neither. I will go there by train.(你坐公车去还是坐轿车去？一个都不坐,我坐火车去。) 13 (6)other、the other和another的用法： other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。another意思是“另外”、“又一个”,表示增加,在句中可作宾语和定语。如： Some girls are singing under the big

41、apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking.(有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌,别的就躺在草地上说话) / You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one?(你已经吃了好几块饼子了,你真的还要一块？) / I want another four books.(我还要四本书) another(另外的,再一,又一)与the other(另外的一个) 主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先基础上增加用another。如： This is one of yo

42、ur socks. Where is the other one?(这是你的一只袜子,还有一只呢？) / I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.(我已经吃了4块蛋糕,但是我还要以块。) others与the others的主要区别：others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分)；the others指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)。如：A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them.(有几个学生在踢足球,其他一些人在观看) / Two of the ten boy

43、s are standing and the others are sitting round them.(十个男孩中有两个站着,其他人都围着他们坐着。) (7)many和much的用法： many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用；much意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。如：I dont have many friends here.(在这里我没有很多的朋友。) /Many died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交车祸中丧失) / We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的帮助之下我们能学

44、到很多) many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上so、very或too.如： There are a lot of people on the playground.(操场上有许多的人)/ They havent got much work to do.(他们没有多少事情可做) / There are too many people in the room.(房间里人太多了。) (8)few、little、a few、a little的用法： few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ；few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物, little、a little与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如： He is very