应收帐最佳流程课件.ppt

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1、2023/3/9,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Account Receivable-Best Practice Objectives,Accounts Receivable Objectives,Organisation,People,Processes,Controls,Measures,Information Systems,To ensure customer payments are received efficiently and effectively for goods/services delivered,within the agr

2、eed terms and conditionsTo manage credit risk efficiently without creating unnecessary delays in the sales cycleTo maintain a complete and accurate statement of outstanding debtorsTo provide complete forecast information to assist the management of short-term cash requirements,Centralised processing

3、Economies of scaleCustomer focus,Establish credit levelsIssue sales orderIssue invoiceMonitor creditCollect cash,Procedures manualAuthorisationValidation/matchingCredit control,Cost per invoiceCredit notes percentageCost per payment receivedDays debt outstanding,Integrated with sales systemAutomatic

4、 matchingElectronic receipts,Customer relationsLegal framework awarenessCredit management,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable-Best Practice Features,Process Features,Formal credit checks applied to all new customers within 24 hours using credit bureau Monitor credit status/terms on regular basis Custome

5、r account managers provided with up to date credit statusTreasury policy set on late and prompt paymentsAuthority levels clearly definedCredit policies defined and agreedTerms and conditions agreed with customers,Consolidated periodic invoicing for high frequency shipmentsBank remittance notices iss

6、ued with sales invoices to facilitate reconciliationSelf billing invoices by high volume customersConsider outsourcing regular invoice/payment eg utilitiesRegular review of invoice queries and credit notesReconciliation of AR balances to GL control accounts on a regular basis,Credit insurance arrang

7、ements evaluated periodically Customer account managers responsible for sales and cash collectionConstant monitoring of debtor days,daily collection,ageing of debtCustomer contact records maintainedOutsource cash collection where appropriateDetermine and report on credit targetsMonitor overdue debts

8、 and take action within agreed policy,Establish credit levels,Issue sales order,Issue invoice,Monitor credit/collect cash,Sales orders prepared using pricing database with pricing profiles for products and customers No order processed without valid customer PO referenceDelivery note acts as invoice

9、for low-frequency shippings,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable-Best Practice Features,Establish credit levels,Issue sales order,Issue invoice,Monitor credit/collect cash,System Features,Consolidated credit position for group of customersSystem provides on-line customer payment history and termsUse of w

10、orkflow software to monitor process and help resolve queriesStandard credit control reports,Common SOP and AR customer databaseInvoices automatically generated from SOP and shipment dataSelf billing invoices automatically matched to customer ordersMulti currency invoicesAutomatic commitment and accr

11、ualsAutomatic reconciliation facilities between integrated SOP AR and GL systems,SOP linked to debtors ledger to ensure customer credit limits not exceededSales documents sent via EDI for all major customersIntegrated order&billing systems available on line&hard copy,Payments received electronically

12、 where possibleAutomatic matching of payments to invoicesOn-line diary facility to monitor callsAutomatic flagging and reporting of high risk accountsAutomatic dunning letters issued within agreed trading termsIntegrated systems to facilitate customer query handlingForecast cash receipts available f

13、or treasury purposes,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable-Trends,From,To,Separate AR modulePayment by chequeComplex/variable trading termsManual matchingPerformed by Finance department,Integrated systemsElectronic paymentCommon trading terms for all customersAutomatic matchingShared or outsourced service

14、s,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable-Measures/Cost Drivers,90 percentile,Median,10 percentile,Number of customer payment received per accounts receivable,FTE per annum,40,300,5,500,700 or less,Accounts receivable cost per sales invoice processed,10 percentile,Median,90 percentile,1,3,18,Median,1 day,90

15、 percentile,4 days,10 percentile,1 day,Days to process invoice/credit note(ie,time between receipt of invoice/credit note and entry into the accounting system),Cost drivers,Number of AR receiptsLevel of multiple receiptsUse of direct debiting/standing ordersUse of electric funds transferLevel of cre

16、dit risk associated with customer baseVariety in payment termsDegree of foreign currency receiptsLevel of credit notes,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Billing-Measures/Cost Drivers,90 percentile,Median,10 percentile,Number of sales invoices generated per billing FTE per annum,90,000,11,100,1,600,Billing cost per sales

17、invoice and credit note processed,10 percentile,Median,90 percentile,1,2,22,Median,2 days,90 percentile,15 days,10 percentile,1 day,Days from despatch of goods to preparation of sales invoice,Cost drivers,Number of invoicesNumber of customersUse of EDIComplexity of service/goods suppliedVariety in t

18、erms and conditionsComplexity of discountsDegree of foreign currency invoicingNumber of complaintsAccuracy/level of credit notes,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable-Level 0 Context Diagram,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable-Level 1 Overview,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Maintain customer data,Best

19、Practice FeaturesSend bill to one address only.Where a customer is provided with goods or services at a number of locations,the consolidation in the billing process not only reduces the number of bills to be verified or created but also decreases the potential need to reconcile a number of receivabl

20、es on individual accounts.Centralise the customer set-up process in order to ensure consistency.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Maintain customer data,Internal control requirementsIn order to minimise the risk of duplication of the data and the unauthorised set-up of customers,the process sho

21、uld be centrally controlled and operated.Before any customer is deleted from the system,evidence should be produced that the customer has been inactive for the appropriate period of time and no outstanding balances are present.Approval for deletion is obtained by management authority signature.The c

22、hanges to customers report is regularly checked and monitored.System notification of duplicate business and birth registration numbers.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Maintain customer data,Cost DriversNumber of customersNumber of new customersNumber of customer changesNumber of required cust

23、omer standing data fields Possibility of sharing standing databaseOverlap between databasesSearch criteria and standardisation to avoid duplication/redundancy,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Maintain customer data,Key Performance IndicatorsNumber of changes and additions carried out in a year

24、per FTENumber of customers in op.database without transactions for 1 yearPercentage of changes and additions of total customer base,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Manage Receivables,Best Practice FeaturesAged debit balances should be reviewed by management on a regular basis and explanations

25、sought as to why debts have failed to be recovered.Overdue debit balances occur as a result a number of factors of sub-optimal performances within the sales department or within the credit control process or AR-info not recorded from bank quickly enough and therefore not processed quickly enough or

26、timing of invoice issue.The root causes need to be addressed and rectified by altering the creditability status of the customer.Automatic flagging and reporting of high risk accounts.Materiality and time limits.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Manage Receivables,Internal control requirementsIt

27、 is essential that debit balances are reviewed regularly and matched with payments promptly in order to avoid the risk of fraud and minimise the chances of bad debt.Computer diary of actions taken.Stops placed on overdue customers.Aged debtor report sent to legal department and functional managers.,

28、普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Manage receivables(Cont),Cost DriversNumber of overdue open items.Number of steps in the dunning procedure.Quality and timing of the matching process of receipts.Availability of dunning enforcement measures.Tolerance criteria.Payment terms and conditions policy.

29、,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Manage receivables(Cont),Key Performance indicatorsDays outstanding as a percentage of average payment term.Value of overdue invoices as a percentage of outstanding balances.Bad Debt Provision as a percentage of outstanding balances.Process cost/customer paymen

30、t received.Number of dunning letters as%of total invoices.Write off value as%of(sundry)sales revenue.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Process receipts and direct debits,Best practice featuresUse of an electronic interface between bank,cashiers and AR treasuryAutomatic matching of receipts by v

31、alue and invoice number Internal control requirementsInterface control total with bank and cashiers,dailyRegular supervisory review of open and unmatched itemsDocumentation of all overdue open items and unmatched receipts,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Process receipts and direct debits,Cost

32、DriversNo.of Receipts for more than one transactionPercentage of downpaymentsQuality of payment informationNumber of unmatched paymentsNumber of foreign currency receipts and exchange rate differencesTolerance payment differencesNumber of criteria for automatic matching,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivab

33、le Notes Manage receivables(Cont),Key Performance indicatorsDays outstanding as a percentage of average payment term.Value of overdue invoices as a percentage of outstanding balances.Bad Debt Provision as a percentage of outstanding balances.Process cost/customer payment received.Number of dunning l

34、etters as%of total invoices.Write off value as%of(sundry)sales revenue.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Process amendments,Best Practice FeaturesSingle contact point for all queries.Although the query processing can be distributed there are obvious inefficiencies in directing enquiries to a nu

35、mber of contact points.Have access to sufficient data to be able to handle the majority of queries on-line.In this context,the use of image processing allows invoices to be called up on screen quickly and,if necessary,automatically copied to the enquirer through the medium of autofax.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Ac

36、counts Receivable Notes Manage receivables(Cont),Key Performance indicatorsDays outstanding as a percentage of average payment term.Value of overdue invoices as a percentage of outstanding balances.Bad Debt Provision as a percentage of outstanding balances.Process cost/customer payment received.Numb

37、er of dunning letters as%of total invoices.Write off value as%of(sundry)sales revenue.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Process amendments,Cost DriversNumber and variety of queries received.Availability and flexibility of standard screens.Complexity of database for tailor-made queries.Response

38、times of enquiry systems.User-friendliness of enquiry systems.Key Performance IndicatorsAverage time taken to process queries.Percentage of queries answered within targeted time.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Process period end,Best Practice FeaturesAutomatic process requiring minimum or no

39、manual intervention.This is a standard feature of modern Accounts Receivable packages and the only possible problem area could be with the nature of the interface with the general ledger package.,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,Accounts Receivable Notes Process period end,Internal control requirementsThe basic requirem

40、ent is to ensure that the data transmitted to the general ledger is complete and on time.There is a requirement to ensure that the information recorded in the general ledger agrees with the output from accounts receivable.A reconciliation should be carried out between debtor balances on GL compared with AR.Check VAT exception report to pick up any late VAT postings.,2023/3/9,普华永道应收帐最佳流程,演讲完毕，谢谢听讲!,再见，see you again,3rew,