实用英语口译背诵教程Unit12Environmental Protection in China1.doc

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1、中国同行Chinese counterpart生态恶化deterioration of the ecosystem物种灭绝extinction of bio-species臭氧层破坏damage to the ozone layer; the depletion of the ozone layer“温室效应”the green-house effect酸雨acid rain土地沙漠化desertification全球环境恶化问题global environmental deterioration各级政府的环保机构和部门environmental protection departments

2、of governments at all levels因地制宜in the light of local conditions防护林体系工程the forestation project追求眼前利益to pursue/seek short-term interests不惜以破坏环境为代价at the expense of environment破坏森林、破坏地力to destroy forests and denude the land“地球日”“Earth Day” 宣传我们的环境政策，普及环境知识to publicize our environmental policies and di

3、sseminate/popularize knowledge about the environment提高人们的环境意识to raise peoples environmental awareness“七十七国集团”the Group of 77符合历史事实in keeping with historical facts相互借鉴，取长补短to draw on one anothers experience and make up for one anothers deficiency环境与资源保护委员会the Environment and Resources Protection Comm

4、ission国家环境保护总局the State Environmental Protection Administration(SEPA)国家海洋局the State Environmental Oceanographic Administration联合国环境规划署、全球环境基金、世界银行、亚洲开发银行the UN Environment Program(UNEP), the Global Environmental Facility, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank推进环境保护领域的国际合作to promote internati

5、onal cooperation in the field of Environmental Protection联合国环境与发展大会the UN Conference on Environment and Development全球环境联盟the Global Environmental Alliance“世界环境日”（6月5日）World Environment Day(June 5)“国际臭氧日”（9月16日）International Ozone Day(September 16)授予“全球500佳”称号/奖to confer the Global 500 title/award提高环

6、境意识to raise/enhance/heighten environmental awareness普及环保知识to popularize environmental protection knowledge 改变生活方式to modify/change lifestyles城市化urbanization环境监测站environmental monitoring stations环境监测设备/系统environmental monitoring equipment/system环境监测卫星environmental survey satellite环境空气质量ambient air qua

7、lity环境危机/指数environmental crisis/index环境噪声environmental noise; ambient noise环境致癌物environmental carcinogen 环境威胁/公害environmental threats/public hazards环境质量/标准/模式environmental quality/standard/pattern自然/海洋/社会环境natural/marine/social environment全球/区域环境global/regional environment生态环境恶化deterioration of the

8、ecological environment生态破坏ecological destruction生态系统/专家ecosystem/ecologist环境保护主义者environmentalist环境保护组织environmental group/organization“绿色和平”（国际环境保护组织）the Green Peace石油外溢事故oil spills环境外交/种族主义environmental diplomacy/racism殖民主义的剥削、战争以及由此引起的贫穷，使社会和环境都遭受到严重的创伤Colonial exploitation, war and the resulting

9、 poverty have left terrible scars on both society and the environment装满“洋垃圾”的标准集装箱standard containers filled with foreign garbage/rubbish/refuse 严重危害当地居民的身心健康to seriously endanger the physical and mental health of local residents环境系统工程environmental system engineering环境保护战略strategy of environmental p

10、rotection保护自然资源to conserve natural resources确保自然资源的合理利用to ensure the rational use of natural resources实现持续/可持续发展to achieve sustained/sustainable development保护和改善生活环境和生态环境to protect and improve the living environment and the ecological environment环境评估与管理environment assessment and management解决环境问题to a

11、ddress/solve environmental problems打破恶性循环to break the vicious cycle控制环境污染to curb/control environmental pollution维护生态平衡to preserve/maintain the ecological balance 滥伐森林/毁林/破坏植被deforestation防止水土流失to prevent water loss and soil erosion空气/水/噪音/大气污染air/water/noise/atmospheric pollution水源污染pollution/contam

12、ination of water sources恶臭扑鼻的污物odorous filth肉眼看不见的细菌invisible bacteria光/热污染light/thermal pollution核辐射nuclear radiation放射性污染/废料radioactive contamination/pollution/waste放射性微粒回降radioactive fall-out污染指数（居里）pollution index(curie)空气污染指数air pollution index(API)空气/水/环境质量air/water/environment quality悬浮颗粒susp

13、ended particle重度/严重/轻度污染heavy/serious/slight pollution化肥/农药污染pollution by chemical fertilizers/pesticides滥用杀虫剂/农药excessive use of pesticides工业污染物industrial pollutant固体废物污染solid waste pollution主要污染源major source of pollution污染环境者polluter造纸厂paper mill制革厂tannery低效高污染企业low-efficiency, high-pollution ente

14、rprises有毒化学物质及有害废料poisonous chemicals and harmful/toxic waste倾倒有毒废料/城市垃圾to dump toxic waste/urban refuse违反公德和国家法律to violate both public ethical standards and state laws烟尘排放量the amount of soot emission工业粉尘排放量the amount of industrial dust discharged二氧化硫排放量the amount of sulphur dioxide emission化学需氧量排放量

15、the amount of chemical oxygen demand discharged石油类排放量the amount of oil pollutants discharged氰化物/砷/汞/铅/镉排放量the amount of cyanide/arsenic/mercury/lead/cadmium discharged六价铬排放量the amount of sexivalent chromium discharged工业固体废物排放量the amount of industrial solid wastes discharged废水排放量the amount of waste w

16、ater discharged工业废水排放量the amount of industrial waste water discharged工业废水处理率the treatment rate of industrial waste water城市污水处理率the treatment rate of urban sewage工业废气处理率the treatment rate of industrial waste gases工业固体废物综合利用率the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid wastes城市垃圾无害化处理率the de

17、contamination rate of urban refuse森林覆盖率forest coverage自然保护区面积the area of nature reserves工业污染事故industrial pollution accidents有害的紫外线辐射harmful ultraviolet radiation中毒poisoning毒气poisonous gas防毒面具gas mask氰化物泄露cyanide leakage污染物排放总量the total of pollutant discharges排放许可制度discharge permission system污染缴费制度po

18、llution fee system污染控制限期制度pollution control deadline system减少工业污染排放量to reduce the amount of industrial pollution discharges污染控制重点城市a key pollution control city大江大河干流的水质the water quality of major rivers半数近海水体水质为三类甚至更差。The quality of half of the offshore body of water was rated third class or worse.大多

19、数城市河段都受到不同程度的污染，其中有52%的城市河段受到严重污染Major river sections in the cities are contaminated to different degrees, with 52 percent of the river sections seriously contaminated治理严重污染的河流to clear up seriously polluted rivers达标to meet the required standards（水体的）富营养化过程eutrophication城市地面水污染urban ground water poll

20、ution/contamination 投资城市环境基础设施to invest in urban environmental infrastructure治污设备/设施/措施anti-pollution equipment/facilities/measures先进的污水处理技术advanced sewage disposal technologies废/污水处理设施/厂sewage/waste-water treatment facilities/plant污水池cesspool过滤to filter; filtration物理/化学/生物处理physical/chemical/biolog

21、ical treatment电解处理electrolytic treatment征收反污染税to levy anti-pollution tax水资源保护/管理conservation/management of water resources闭路循环用水系统closed-circuit water circulation system水危机/水荒water crisis/shortage推广节水灌溉法to popularize water-efficient irrigation methods把节水放在突出的位置to put water conservation high on the a

22、genda建立合理的水价形成机制to establish a rational water pricing mechanism 节水技术和措施water conservation technologies and measures发展节水型产业to develop water-efficient industries建立节水型社会to build a water-saving society全球气温升高/变暖global warming污染/破坏臭氧层to pollute/damage the ozonosphere/ozone layer臭氧消耗物质ozone depleting subst

23、ances(ODS)（产生）臭氧消耗物质的产品ODS products一氧化二氮nitrous oxide氟利昂压缩机freon compressor使用氟利昂to use freon受矿物质的污染to be contaminated by minerals矿物燃料（主要是煤和石油）fossil fuels(principally coal and oil)减少二氧化硫和二氧化碳排放量to reduce emission of sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide除硫设施desulfurization facilities尾气排放tail gas dischar

24、ge停止生产、销售和使用含铅汽油to stop the production, sale and use of leaded gasoline无铅汽油lead-free gasoline化工厂chemical factory汽车内燃机所使用的燃料是汽油加空气的混合物。The internal combustion engine of the car uses a mixture of petrol and air.这一混合物燃爆后产生驱车动力。This mixture explodes and burns to produce the energy which propels the car.

25、复杂的化学反应complicated chemical reactions没有燃烧干净not completely burned up有害的化学物质，如一氧化碳、氧化氮、铅、碳氢化合物very dangerous chemicals such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, lead and hydrocarbons耗油量大to use/consume a lot of petrol/gasoline/fuel使用污染程度较低的燃料，如天然气、燃料电池、液态氢等to use cleaner fuels such as natural gas, fuel

26、 cells and liquid hydrogen催化转换器可以把汽车所排废气中的大部分有害成分转化为水和无害气体。A catalytic converter can convert the most dangerous ingredients of the car exhaust into water and harmless gases.“厄尔尼诺”现象El Nino干旱与热浪droughts and heat waves诸如洪涝、赤潮、沙尘暴等严重的自然灾害serious natural disasters such as floods, red tides and sandstorm

27、s地质环境/灾害/灾难geological environment/disasters/catastrophes（建筑物等）下沉subsidence（山体）滑坡landslides泥石流mud-rock flow荒山荒地barren mountains and waste land草原退化、沙漠化和盐碱化grassland erosion, desertification, and salinization干旱和半干旱地区arid and semi-arid areas治山治水to transform mountains and harness rivers改善土壤soil improveme

28、nt/amelioration退耕还林还草、封山绿化、以粮代赈、个体承包returning farmland to forest and pastures/grassland, closing off hillsides to facilitate forestation, giving relief to local residents in the form of grain, and encouraging individual contractors to manage concerned areas天然草场的恢复和保护restoration and conservation of n

29、atural grassland沙漠化控制desertification control植树造林，功在当代，利在千秋。Forestation accomplished now will benefit our future generations开展义务植树运动to embark on a voluntary tree-planting campaign首都绿化委员会the Capital Forestation Committee美/净化环境to beautify/clean up the environment花园城市garden city人均绿地面积per capita green ar

30、ea中国改善环境模范城市Chinas Model City in Environment Improvement国家环境保护标兵national environmental protection pacesetters国家生态示范区State Ecological Demonstration Zone国家卫生城市State Model City in Sanitary Conditions生态城市ecologically friendly city生活污水domestic/sanitary sewage生活垃圾house refuse; domestic wastes垃圾袋装化to enclo

31、se garbage with plastic garbage bags焚烧垃圾to burn away the refuse垃圾箱dustbin; garbage/trash can清洁工garbage man; dustman; sanitary worker良性循环virtuous circle生态工业ecological industry; eco-industry“三北”（东北、华北和西北）防护林工程the Three-North (Northeast, North and Northwest China) Shelter-belt Project“绿色万里长城”the Green

32、Great Wall大规模植树造林to plant trees on a large scale; to launch a campaign to plant trees植物园botanical garden防风林windbreaks; windbreak forest防沙林sand-breaks防护林shelter belts热带雨林tropical rain forest环保型技术environmentally-sound technology(EST)环保型经济environmentally friendly economy环境经济environmental economy发展环保型产业

33、to promote environmentally-benign industries绿色经济/工业/产品/食品green economy/industry/products/foods清洁能源/工业/生产/燃料clean energy/industries/production/fuel无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator绿色/无公害农业green/nuisanceless agriculture人与自然的和谐共存the harmonious coexistence between man and nature 可持续发展战略the strategy of sustain

34、able development丰富的再生性生物资源rich regenerable biological resources生物多样性bio-diversity物种灭绝the extinction of bio-species保护珍惜动植物to protect rare plants and animals野生动物/生态保护wildlife/ecological conservation建立自然保护区和禁猎区to establish nature reserves and no-hunting areas庇护最珍贵的动植物资源to shelter the most important ani

35、mal and plant resources野生动物自然栖息地wildlife habitat; natural habitat for wild animals争夺生存空间的斗争the battle for living space珍惜濒危动植物rare and endangered animals and plants非法盗猎illegal poaching/hunting虎骨交易tiger bone trade/transactions/business 濒临灭绝to be on the verge of extinction一级保护to be under Gradeprotectio

36、n被视为国宝to be regarded as a national treasure拯救大熊猫to save pandas from extinction产生的卵子和精子数量很少to produce only a small number of eggs and sperms交配mating通过人工受精through artificially insemination注入性激素控制母本的体温和排卵期以得到卵子，然后让父本的精子与母本的卵子结合，培植新的生命to control the females body temperature and ovulation periods by inje

37、cting hormones, then putting the males sperm into it, thus resulting in a new being克隆大熊猫to clone a panda把大熊猫体细胞的一个细胞核植入一个兔子的去核卵子里，培育出一个大熊猫胚胎to implant a nucleolus of a pandas body cell into a denucleated rabbit ovum to create a pandas embryo把胚胎植入另一只动物的子宫里生长to implant the embryo in another animals ma

38、trix and get it to grow理想的“代母体”the ideal“surrogate mother”大熊猫的妊娠期the gestation period of the panda打击捕杀、贩卖和走私珍稀动物的犯罪活动to crack down on crimes related to the killing, hunting, trading and smuggling of rare animals麋鹿、野马和高鼻羚羊Davids deer, wild horse and saiga tatarica扬子鳄、中华鲟、白鳍豚、东北虎Chinese alligator, Chi

39、nese sturgeon, white-flag dolphin and Manchurian tiger象牙、犀牛角、虎骨及麝香的非法交易illegal trade in elephant tusks, rhino horns, tiger bones and musk行政法规administrative rules and decrees制定和颁布了600多项环境保护地方性法规to have enacted and promulgated more than 600 local laws on environmental protection全国生态环境保护纲要the National

40、Outline of Ecological Conservation环境污染防治目标和对策Targets and Counter-Measures for the Prevention of Environmental Pollution制定了渤海碧海行动计划to formulate the Action Plan for Cleaning up the Bohai Sea在制定国民经济和社会发展计划的同时，制定环境保护措施，走经济与环境协调发展的道路to work out environmental protection measures while formulating plans fo

41、r national economic and social development so as to make the economy and the environment develop in a coordinated way地方政府的经济发展规划应该包括环境保护计划。The economic development blueprints of local governments should include environmental protection plans.贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展的方针to carry out the guiding

42、principle of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic development, urban and rural development and environmental protection积极推动经济体制和经济增长模式的两个根本转变to vigorously promote the two fundamental shifts in the economic system and the mode of economic growth实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统

43、一to bring about the integration of economic returns, social effects and environmental benefits待添加的隐藏文字内容2实行“预防为主，防治结合”、“谁污染，谁治理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策to implement the three major policies of “putting prevention first and combining prevention with control,” “whoever causes pollution must remedy it” and “inten

44、sifying environmental administration”确立环境保护为一项基本国策to make environmental protection one of Chinas basic state policies我们决不能走“先污染后治理”的老路。We should not step onto the same road of exerting control after the environment has been polluted.以浪费资源和牺牲环境为代价at the expense of natural resources and the environmen

45、t浪费严重的生产和消费模式wasteful production and consumption patterns拟定议程，迎接挑战to draw up agendas to prepare for the challenges实现跨世纪的环境目标to achieve the cross-century environmental objectives中国21世纪议程中国21世纪人口、环境与发展的白皮书Chinas Agenda 21-the White Paper on Chinas Population, Environment and Development in the 21st Ce

46、ntury提出中国可持续发展的总体战略、对策以及行动方案to put forward Chinas overall strategy for sustainable development, countermeasures and action programs中国在发展经济的同时，将处理好与人口、资源和环境的关系。While developing its economy, China will handle properly the relationship among the population, natural resources and the environment.中国政府非常重

47、视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题。The Chinese government pays great attention to environmental problems arising from Chinas population growth and economic development.重点保护和改善人口与环境资源矛盾尖锐区域的生态环境to pay special attention to the protection and improvement of the ecological environment where human and environmental res

48、ources clash sharply科学规划、合理设置城市功能区域，提高城市生活污水和垃圾集中处理率，推广使用清洁能源，净化空气，加强绿化。With the citys functional areas built scientifically and rationally, sewage and garbage will be treated centrally, and clean energy will be adopted to help minimize air pollution and improve forestation.合理和节约利用土地尤其是耕地资源，加强城市环境基础设施建设，规划产业结构和布局，避免走先