外研版八年级下英语各单元语法写作ppt课件.ppt

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1、外研版八年级下英语各单元语法写作课件,Module1 Feelings and impressions语法突破写作指导,表示感觉和知觉的系动词也称为感官动词,后面接形容词或名词等作表语,构成系表结构,说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。,用感官系动词时应注意的问题:(1)感官系动词后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态。除look之外,其他几个 动词的主语往往是物,而不是人。This birthday cake smells delicious.这个生日蛋糕闻起来很美味。The boys looked happy when they won the football match.当男孩们赢得足球

2、赛时,他们看起来很开心。(2)这些动词后面也可接介词like,like后面常用名词。Her idea sounds like fun.她的主意听起来很有趣。This dress looks like an old one.这件裙子看起来像是一件旧的。,(3)这些动词也可作实义动词。She smelt the meat and it smelt good.她闻了闻那块肉,闻起来还好。(前一个smelt是作实义动词,后一个smelt作感官系动词。)(4)这几个感官系动词(sound除外)可以直接作名词,与have或take构成短语。May I have a taste of the mooncak

3、e?我可以尝一口这月饼吗?Can I have a look at this famous picture?我能看一下这幅名画吗?,不同的人们对事物存在着不同的感觉,学会以积极的态度感知事物,并能够正确地描述对事物的感知。,1.话题词汇,(1)可爱的(2)紧张的(3)秀丽的(4)享受;喜爱(5)爱好(6)最喜欢的人或事(7)擅长(8)玩得开心/愉快,lovely,nervous,pretty,enjoy,hobby,favourite,be good at,have a good/great/wonderful time,2.常用句型,(1)他/她擅长绘画/唱歌/跳舞。He/She.(2)他/

4、她总是准备帮助别人。He/She help others.(3)他/她在老师和同学们中很受欢迎。He/She the teachers and classmates.(4)当我的朋友需要帮助的时候我愿意帮助他们。Im willing to help my friends.,is,good,at,drawing/singing/dancing,is,always,ready,to,is,popular,with,when,they,need,help,1.写作要求,你最好的朋友是谁?请你根据以下提示写一篇80词左右的短文。提示:(1)年龄:15岁;(2)外貌:很高,强壮,留一头短的黑发,从不戴眼

5、镜;(3)性格:很友好,乐于助人;(4)爱好:喜欢运动和读书。,2.思路点拨(1)体裁:记叙文,(2)时态:一般现在时(3)人称:第三人称(4)写作导图:,3.范文借鉴,Wang Shuai is my best friend.He is a boy of 15.He is my classmate.He is tall,with short black hair.He never wears glasses.He is very strong.And he likes sports,such as swimming and basketball.He enjoys reading books

6、 as well.He is very kind.He is always ready to help others.Im not good at English and he often helps me with it.With his help,my English is better now.And I often get good marks.He is a good boy.Im proud of him.,假设你是美国学生Betty,你新交了一个中国朋友王芳,经过一段时间的了解以后,你对她有了很好的认识。请根据以下提示介绍一下她。Name:Wang FangLooks:tall,

7、thin,long fair hair,glassesHobbies:sing,danceFavourite food:pizza,chocolate cookiesCharacter:kind,be ready to help othersMore information:study hard,be excited about seeing movies 要求:1.注意紧扣主题,内容连贯;2.书写工整,字迹清楚,语言通顺;3.词数不少于70。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。,My new friend I have a new best friend.Her name is Wang Fan

8、g.She is fourteen years old.,She is my new best friend.I hope our friendship will last forever.,小编特别提醒:在写描述你的朋友或父母、老师的文章时,一是能抓住人物的突出特点,尤其是外貌以及性格特征;二是可以分享一下你们之间的一些故事;三是把你对人物的总的一个印象用英语表述一下。,One possible version:My new friend I have a new best friend.Her name is Wang Fang.She is fourteen years old.She

9、is tall and thin.She has long fair hair and wears a pair of glasses.She looks beautiful and tidy.Her hobby is singing and dancing.She likes chocolate cookies.They taste really sweet and they feel soft.Her favourite food is pizza.She studies hard.She is very kind and is ready to help others.She is ex

10、cited about seeing movies.She is my new best friend.I hope our friendship will last forever.,一、概念 现在完成时表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。二、结构1.肯定句结构:主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他.如:I have seen the film twice.我看过这部电影两次。,Module2 Experiences语法突破写作指导,2.否定句结构:主语+have/has not+过去分词+其他.如:I havent met him befor

11、e.我以前没有见过他。3.一般疑问句结构:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他?肯定、否定回答:Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+havent/hasnt.如:Has she taken the medicine?她吃药了吗?Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.是的,她吃过了。/不,她还没吃。三、时间副词作标志 常常和以下表示时间的副词连用,already(“已经”用于肯定句的中间或末尾处),never(“从不”,用于中间处),ever(“曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处),just(“刚刚”用于中间处),yet(“已经”、“还”,用于疑问句或否定句的末尾处)等。

12、有时也不用时间状语,但不能和明确表示过去的时间状语连用。,四、动词过去分词的变化1.规则变化:,2.不规则变化:不规则变化没有规律,需要在日常学习中强加记忆。如:dodone做;gogone去;seeseen看见;wakewoken醒,能用现在完成时谈论与旅游相关的经历。通过学习培养自我独立意识及对祖国、家乡的热爱之情。,1.话题词汇,(1)经历(2)旅行(3)参观(4)享受;喜爱(5)活动(6)放松的(7)照相,experience,travel,visit,enjoy,activity,take photos,relaxed,2.常用句型,(1)每年有数以千计的游客来北京旅游。visito

13、rs travel to Beijing every year.(2)我有许多经历。I have.(3)我和我的朋友们玩得很开心。I with my friends.(4)我去过上海很多次。I Shanghai many times.(5)我们在沙滩上照了许多相。We on the beach.,Thousands,of,lots,of,experiences,had,a,good,time,had,been,to,took,some,photos,1.写作要求,每个人都有旅游的经历,有的经历甚至令你终生难忘。请以“An unforgettable experience”为题,写一篇80词左右

14、的短文,向大家描述你所经历的一次难忘之旅吧!,2.思路点拨(1)体裁:记叙文,(2)时态:一般过去时(3)人称:第一人称(4)写作导图:,3.范文借鉴,An unforgettable experienceThis summer,I went to Dalian with my family.We began our trip first from the sea park.We saw many different kinds of fishes there.We also saw a dolphin show.Then we went to the sea,and we all enjoy

15、ed ourselves on the beach.However,one of the most unforgettable things was that we had sea food.It was very delicious.By the way,during this trip,we took a lot of photos.We had a good time there.I really want to travel there again.,假定你是李明,请你根据下面表格中的汉语提示,用英语写一篇日记,记述你5月30日参加的一次郊游活动,并简要谈谈你的感受。,要求:1.日记必

16、须要点齐全,适当发挥;2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名;3.词数80左右,已给出的词句不计入总词数。参考词汇:郊游 outing里湖 Li Lake,May 30th Today I went for a pleasant outing with my friends.,小编特别提醒:在写旅游经历类的文章时,一是要抓住参观地方的突出特点;二是要详细描述一下你们在旅游期间做了什么有意义的事情;三是把通过旅游你有什么收获用英语表述一下。,One possible version:May 30th Today I went for a pleasant outing with my friends.

17、The aim place we went to was Li Lake,which was about ten kilometers away from my home.We rode our bikes at 9:00 in the morning.One hour later,we got there.We went boating in the lake first,and then we went fishing by the lake.The fish in the lake are big and fresh.They are all our meals at noon.In t

18、he afternoon,we went swimming in a swimming pool beside the lake.We felt relaxed and comfortable in the water.At 5:30 in the afternoon,we returned together.We all had a good time for our outing.,Module3 Journey to space语法突破写作指导,1.现在完成时常与already,just或yet等状语连用。just用来表示“刚刚”,already用来表示“已经”,两者都用于肯定句中,一般

19、放于have/has之后;yet 用于否定句,表示“还未”,有“以后可能会”的含义。如:I have already read the book twice.我已经读过这本书两次。She has just heard the news.她刚刚听到消息。Mike hasnt come yet.迈克还没有来。,2.当没有明确的时间状语时,判断是否该用现在完成时的标准是:谓语动词的行为 是否对现在有影响,如果对现在有影响,则用现在完成时。如:She has had breakfast and she isnt hungry now.她吃过早饭了,现在她不饿。3.have been to与have g

20、one to的区别:魔法记忆:been to,gone to意不同,两者用法要记清。have been to+地点,“曾经到过某 地”。have gone to+地点,“到某地去了”已走远。如:My brother isnt at home.He has gone to the market.我的弟弟不在家。他去市场了。I have been to Hong Kong once.我去过香港一次。,4.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,和现在有关系;一般 过去时只表示这个动作是在过去某时间发生的,和现在没有关系,可用确定的过 去时间作状语。如:I

21、have seen the film already.我已经看过这部电影了。(现在我已经了解这部电影的内容)I saw the film last year.我去年看了这部电影。(强调去年看过,只陈述过去 的一种事实),学会搜索并描述有关太空探索的内容,培养对科学探索的兴趣和爱好。,1.话题词汇,(1)宇宙(2)太空(3)行星(4)宇宙飞船(5)生命(6)星系(7)宇航员(8)信息(9)太阳系(10)和交流,universe,space,planet,spaceship,life,galaxy,astronaut,information,solar system,communicate wit

22、h,2.常用句型,(1)我将告诉你一些关于宇宙的信息。I will you the universe.(2)还没有人去过火星。No one to Mars.(3)我们还没在其他行星上发现生命。We on any other planets yet.(4)我刚刚只做了一个宇宙飞船模型。Ive a model spaceship.(5)我希望有一天到月球上去。I I will go to the moon.,tell,some,information,about,has,been,yet,havent,found,life,just,made,hope,that,one,day,1.写作要求,请你

23、根据下面的提示词写一篇关于宇宙知识的短文。要求:文笔流畅,思路清晰。提示词:universe,solar system,galaxy,space,planet,explore(探索),2.思路点拨(1)体裁:说明文,(2)人称:第一、三人称(3)时态:一般现在时态、现在完成时态(4)写作导图:,3.范文借鉴,Do you know about the universe?If you dont,I will tell you some information about the universe.When we talk about it,we mean galaxies and space.T

24、he sun and its eight planets are called the solar system.The earth goes around the sun and the moon goes around the earth.There is life on the earth but is there any life on other planets?The astronauts have been to the moon but havent found any life on it.The spaceship without people has explored s

25、ome planets but there is no life on them,either.Maybe the scientists can find life on the other planets in the future.,假设你是Alan,学校组织了一项活动,要求同学们给外星人写一封不少于80词的信,向他们介绍一下地球的情况,写出人类在太空方面的一些成就,并表达人类愿与他们交流的想法。,小编特别提醒:通过学习和阅读科普文章,你也了解了一些宇宙知识。在写科普文章时,一定要注意内容的准确性,并进行合理的想象,结合你所了解的知识,进行组织,就可以了。,One possible ver

26、sion:Dear friends,Im a boy from the earth,one of the planets of the solar system.The sun and its planets form the solar system.The earth and seven other planets all go around the sun.We know that we live in the universe together.There are a larger number of galaxies in space.I know you live so far t

27、hat the light has to travel many years to arrive.Scientists have sent some spaceships into space.And they hope to get some information from you.The people on the earth would like to communicate with you.Welcome to our earth!Im looking forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely,Alan,Module4 Seeing t

28、he doctor语法突破写作指导,1.表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时,要用表示一段时间的时间状语,这类状语通常由for(for+时间段)或since(since+时间点/从句)引导。如:She has lived in the city for ten years.她生活在这座城市10年了。Tom has been like this since Monday.从周一开始汤姆就一直这样。,2.对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时,用how long。如:How long have they played basketball?他们打篮球多长时间了?3.易错点:终止性动词表示动作的短暂且不能

29、持续,在现在完成时中不能与for,since等引导的时间状语连用,但可以用意思相同或相近的延续性动词来替换。如:Mike has been in China for three years.迈克来到中国3年了。,常见终止性动词的转换形式:,能根据提示写出关于健康生活的短文,并能针对病情提出合理建议。提高自身参加体育运动的意识,学会反思自己或父母的生活是否健康,并学会关心他人。,1.话题词汇,(1)锻炼(2)健康(3)健康的(4)积极的;活跃的(5)病;疾病(6)记住(7)感到不舒服(8)对有害(9)快餐食品(10)健康状况很好,exercise,health,well,active,illne

30、ss,remember,feel awful,be harmful to,fast food,in excellent condition,2.常用句型,(1)医生建议我多喝水。The doctor me more water.(2)你应该吃健康食品,不要吃垃圾食品。You should eat;dont eat.(3)每晚睡八到九个小时是很重要的。very have eight or nine hours sleep every night.(4)越来越多的人意识到保持健康的重要性。More and more people know the.(5)现在我每天通过带它散步的方式来锻炼。Now

31、I by him.every day.,advises,to,drink,healthy,food,junk,food,Its,important,to,importance,of,keeping,healthy,get,exercise,taking,for,a,walk,1.写作要求,去年6月,你的哥哥刘健,突然感觉头痛、后背痛。去医院看了医生,检查后是因在电脑前时间过长导致。他接受了医生的建议:少玩电脑、多锻炼。如今,他的身体状况良好。请根据以上提示,写一篇70词左右的短文来描述刘健的健康生活转变。,2.思路点拨(1)体裁:记叙文,(2)时态:一般过去时、现在完成时或一般现在时。(3)人

32、称:第三人称(4)写作导图:,3.范文借鉴,Last June,my brother Liu Jian had a bad headache and had a pain in his back.He saw a doctor.The doctor checked him carefully and then found that he spent too much time in front of the computer.The doctor advised him to play fewer computer games and do more exercise.He took the

33、doctors advice.Since then,doing exercise has become part of his life.Now,he feels healthier and healthier.He lives happily every day.,同学们好!会工作、会学习、会运动、会娱乐就是会生活。良好的运动习惯是生活的重要组成部分。请你根据以下内容要点提示,以“Sports Make Me Strong and Confident”为题,写一篇短文,可以适当发挥。1.每天早晨6:30按时起床,做半个小时运动,晚饭后散步1小时左右;2.骑车或步行上学;3.主动上体育课,积极

34、参加课外活动,从不旷课;4.身体健壮,精力充沛。运动会常得第一,永远保持运动习惯。写作要求:1.80-100词,开头部分已给出,但不计入规定词数;2.内容合理;要点齐全;句子及篇章结构正确;连贯,书写规范;3.不得出现校名和自己的姓名等个人信息。,小编特别提醒:结合所给提示有条理地进行叙述,必要时可融入自己的观点或想法。,Everybody,men or women,young or old,should have a good habit of doing sports.So should I,and so I do.,One possible version:Everybody,men o

35、r women,young or old,should have a good habit of doing sports.So should I,and so I do.In the morning,I usually get up at 6:30 on time,and do morning exercises for half an hour.After breakfast,I ride or walk to school,which is also a kind of exercise.In the school,I take an active part in P.E.Sometim

36、es we play football and volleyball,sometimes we play basketball,table tennis or badminton.Football is my favorite sport.I also join in all the after-class activities.I have never been absent from them.In the evening after supper,I often take a walk along the street near my house for an hour either w

37、ith my parents or my friends.I like sports,which make me healthy,strong and energetic/full of energy.So I often get the first prize in the school sports meeting.I will keep the good habit all my life.,Module5 Cartoons语法突破写作指导,His family moved to Shanghai in 2013.他的家人在2013年搬家去了上海。We havent met Mike y

38、et,so we dont know the result.我们还没有见到迈克,所以我们不知道结果。She leaves home for school at 7:00 every morning.她每天早晨7点钟离开家去上学。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.太阳每天从东方升起,西方落下。My father was in that shoe factory two years ago.两年前我的父亲在那个鞋厂工作。,卡通故事是我们熟悉的话题,通过描述卡通故事能使我们了解卡通故事背后的文化信息,还能培养我们辨别是非

39、的能力。,1.话题词汇,(1)动画片(2)人物(3)英雄(4)友谊(5)创造(6)战斗(7)勇敢的(8)聪明的,cartoon,character,hero,friendship,create,fight,brave,clever,2.常用句型,(1)自2005年以来它成为中国最流行的卡通片之一。It has been cartoons since 2005.(2)这部动画片在年轻人中很受欢迎。This cartoon the young people.(3)他们勇敢斗敌。They their enemies.(4)当我看他们的时候,我禁不住大笑。I when I watch them.(5)

40、他很幽默并且很勇敢。He is.,one,of,the,most,popular,is,popular,with,fought,bravely,cant,help,laughing,humorous,and,brave,1.写作要求,假设你是玲玲,你的美国笔友Jane在给你的信中,介绍了美国卡通形象的情况,请你根据以下提示给她回一封信。,提示:(1)美国的一些卡通形象也被许多中国孩子所熟知,如唐老鸭、米老鼠、汤姆与杰里。(2)中国也制作了许多动画片。在中国所有的卡通形象中,我最喜欢的是美猴王与哪吒,因为他们既勇敢又聪明。不管多么凶恶的(ferocious)敌人总能被他们打败。要求:80词左右(

41、开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数),Dear Jane,Thank you for telling me so much about,Yours,Lingling,2.思路点拨(1)体裁:应用文,(2)时态:一般现在时、一般过去时或现在完成时。(3)人称:以第三人称为主(4)写作导图:,3.范文借鉴,Dear Jane,Thank you for telling me so much about cartoon characters from America.Some of the characters you told me are also familiar to Chinese kids.

42、For example,Donald Duck,Mickey Mouse,Tom and Jerry are well known to almost every child in China.China has also created many cartoon TV plays and movies.Among all the Chinese cartoon characters,I like the Monkey King and Nezha best because they are brave and clever.They can beat all their enemies,no

43、 matter how ferocious their enemies are.I believe you will fall in love with them if you watch them one day.Yours,Lingling,根据下列提示写一篇80词左右的短文。(1)我喜欢的卡通形象是维尼(Winnie)。维尼是一只黄色的熊,大肚子(belly),穿红色T恤。(2)维尼走路很慢,他非常友好,乐于助人。他有很多朋友,像老虎、小猪(piglet)等。(3)维尼喜欢吃蜂蜜,曾被蜜蜂蛰(attack)。,小编特别提醒:在动画片里面一定有你最喜欢的角色,他们幽默、勇敢、机智、武艺高强

44、、不畏强暴、匡扶正义、与许多妖魔鬼怪进行斗争等。把他们描写一下吧!,One possible version:I like cartoons very much.I have been watching them since I was young.My favourite cartoon character is Winnie.Winnie is a very cute yellow bear.He looks really funny.He has a big belly,and he wears a small red shirt all the time.He walks very s

45、lowly,like a gentleman.Winnie is also very friendly and helpful.This brings him lots of friends,such as the tiger,the piglet and so on.Winnies favourite food is honey.He likes it so much that once he was attacked by bees.Poor Winnie!I love Winnie.,Module6 Hobbies语法突破写作指导,由一个主语和一个谓语动词所组成的句子是简单句。【句型一】

46、主语+谓语(不及物动词)(+状语)如:The children are listening quietly.孩子们在静静地听着。【句型二】(状语+)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(+状语)如:He didnt like the film.他不喜欢这部电影。,【句型三】主语+系动词+表语(+状语)如:Your watch looks very nice.你的手表看起来很漂亮。温馨提示:此句型中的谓语动词是连系动词,如be,seem,turn(变得),taste,feel,smell,get(变得),become(变得),look(看起来)等,作表语的可以是名词、代词、形容词。,【句型四】主语+谓语

47、(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(+状语)如:Ill show you my photos.我将给你看我的照片。温馨提示:此句型中的动词后接双宾语,有时间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语的后面。由介词 to 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有:give,pass,tell,show,lend,take等;由介词 for 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有:buy,cook,get,make等。如:She passed him the salt.=She passed the salt to him.她把盐递给了他。His uncle bought him a birthday pres

48、ent yesterday.=His uncle bought a birthday present for him yesterday.昨天,他叔叔给他买了一件生日礼物。,【句型五】主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(+状语)At first I found Chinese quite hard.开始时我发现汉语相当难。He made all of us laugh.他使我们都大笑起来。【句型六】There be+主语(+状语)如:There is some meat on the plate.盘里有些肉。温馨提示:There be结构的“就近原则”,即 be 应与邻近的主语在数上保持

49、一致。,培养好的兴趣爱好既能丰富你的业余生活,又能放松身心,提高综合素质,还能使学习和工作的效率提高。每个人都会有特长爱好,要学会如何描述自己及他人的爱好。,1.话题词汇,(1)爱好(2)兴趣(3)发展(4)愉悦;快乐(5)健康的(6)收藏(7)擅长(8)锻炼,hobby,interest,develop,pleasure,healthy,collect,be good at,take exercise,2.常用句型,(1)谢谢你和我分享你的爱好。your hobby me.(2)爱好能给我们带来许多乐趣。Hobbies can.(3)爱好能使我们长大成人。Hobbies can as a p

50、erson.(4)我对许多活动感兴趣,例如:航海、爬山。I lots of activities,.sailing and climbing.(5)良好的爱好有益于我们的健康。Good hobbies our health.,Thank,you,for,sharing,with,bring,us,lots,of,fun,make,us,grow,am,interested,in,such,as,are,good,for,1.写作要求,根据下列问题提示,以My hobby为题目,写一篇60词左右的文章,介绍你的爱好。(1)Whats your hobby?(2)Why do you choose