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1、光伏并网发电技术及标准,合肥阳光电源有限公司研发中心 赵为,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,2,一、背景,我国丰富的阳光资源和电池组件价格的下降,中国日益紧张的电力供需矛盾,资源与环境问题突出,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,3,二、光伏发电系统的组成,独立供电系统 PV组件 蓄电池 充放电控制器 并网系统 PV组件 并网逆变器 双向计量装置 公用电网,DC负载,逆变器+AC负载,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,4,三、并网逆变器的种类,1.直接耦合系统 2.工频隔离系统 3.高频隔离系统 4.高频不隔离系统,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公
2、司,5,四、光伏并网发电的关键技术,组件的绝缘技术 光伏阵列的最大功率跟踪技术(MPPT)并网逆变器的设计、制造 孤岛效应保护技术 电能双向计量技术 夜间零耗电技术 电磁兼容性 其他的安全问题(如防雷),下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,6,五、光伏并网系统的三大趋势,光伏建筑(BIPV)(15kW):各国发展迅猛;大型光伏电站(LPVGS)(100kW100MW):适合在我国广阔西部地区推广;小功率光伏并网模块(AC MODULE)由于效率不高,安全性差等问题,发展前景黯淡。,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,7,6.1 采用工频变压器隔离的单相并网逆变器系统,六
3、、用于光伏建筑的并网逆变器技术方案,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,8,6.2 采用直流升压、高频变压器隔离的单相并网逆变器系统,六、用于光伏建筑的并网逆变器技术方案,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,9,6.3 采用工频变压器隔离的大功率三相并网逆变器系统,六、用于光伏建筑的并网逆变器技术方案,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,10,七、大型光伏电站的技术方案,1.多重叠加技术 10MW 系统,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,11,2.多机并联技术 150MW 系统,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,12,3.多电平直接逆变技术 50100M
4、W 系统,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,13,八、光伏并网发电相关的标准(TC82),NO1.IEC 60891:1987,procedures for temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic(PV)devices.Amendment NO1.NO2.IEC 60904-1:1987,PV Part1:Measurements of PV current-voltage characteristics.N
5、O3.IEC 60904-2:1989,Photovoltaic devices-Part2:Requirements for reference solar cells.NO4.IEC 60904-3:1989,Photovoltaic devices-Part3:Measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic(PV)solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data.NO5.IEC 60904-5:1993,Photovoltaic devices-Part5:Determina
6、tion of the equivalent cell temperature(ECT)of photovoltaic(PV)devices by the open-circuit voltage method.NO6.IEC 60904-6:1994,Photovoltaic devices-Part6:Requirements for reference solar modules.,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,14,NO7.IEC 60904-7:1995,Photovoltaic devices-Part7:Computation of spectral misma
7、tch error introduced in the testing of a photovoltaic device.NO8.IEC 60904-8:1995,Photovoltaic devices-Part8:Guidance for the measurement of spectral response of a photovoltaic device.Second edition(1998).NO9.IEC 60904-9:1995,Photovoltaic devices-Part9:Solar simulator performance requirements.NO10.I
8、EC 60904-8:1998,Photovoltaic devices-Part10:Methods of linearity measurement.NO11.IEC 61173:1992,Overvoltage protection for photovoltaic(PV)power generating systems-Guide.NO12.IEC 61194:1993,Characteristics parameters of stand-alone photovoltaic(PV)systems.,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,15,NO13.IEC 61215:
9、1993,Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic(PV)modules.Design Qualification and type approval.NO14.IEC 61277:1995,Guide:General description of photovoltaic(PV)power generating systems.NO15.IEC 61345:1998,UV test for photovoltaic(PV)modules.NO16.IEC 61427,Secondary cells and batteries for photo
10、voltaic(PV)energy systems-General requirements and methods of test.NO17.IEC 61646:1996,Thin film silicon terrestrial PV modules-Design Qualification and type approval.NO18.IEC 61683:1999,PV system-power conditioners-procedures for measuring efficiency.NO19.IEC 61701:1995,Salt mist corrosion testing
11、of photovoltaic(PV)modules.NO20.IEC 61702:1995,Rating of direct coupled photovoltaic(PV)pumping systems.,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,16,下一页,NO21.IEC 61721:1995,Susceptibility of a photovoltaic(PV)module to accidental impact damage(resistance to impact test).NO22.IEC 61724:1998,Photovoltaic system perfor
12、mance monitoring-Guidelines for measurement,data exchange and analysis.NO23.IEC 61725:1997,Analytiacl expression for daily solar profiles.NO24.IEC 61727:1995,Photovoltaic systems-Characteristics of the utility interface.NO25.IEC 61730 Photovoltaic system safety qualification-part1:Requirement for co
13、nstruction.NO26.IEC 61829:1995,Crystalline silicon PV array-On-site measurement of I-V characteristics.NO27.IEC 61830:1997,Solar photovoltaic energy system-terms and symbols.NO28.IEC 61853 Performance testing and energy rating of terrestrial photovoltaic modules.,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,17,NO329.IEC 620
14、78 Certification and accreditation program for photovoltaic(PV)components and systems-Guidelines for a total quality system.NO30.IEC 62093,BOS components-Environmental reliability testing-Design qualification and type approval.NO31.IEC 62108 Concentrator photovoltaic(PV)receivers and modules-Design
15、qualification and type approval.NO32.IEC 62109 Electrical safety of static inverters and charge controllers for use in photovoltaic(PV)power systems.NO33.IEC 62116 Testing procedure-Islanding prevention measures for power conditions use in grid connected photovoltaic(PV)power generation systems.NO34
16、.IEC 62124 Photovoltaic stand-alone systems-Design qualification and type approval.NO35.IEC 62145 Crystalline silicon PV modules-Blank detail specification.NO36.IEC 62234 Safety guidelines for grid connected photovoltaic(PV)systems mounted on building.,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,18,NO37.IEC 62253 Direc
17、t coupled photovoltaic(PV)pumping systems-Design qualification and type approval.NO38.IEC 62257 Specifications for the use of renewable energies in rural decentralised electrification.NO39.IEC/PAS 62111 Specifications for the use of renewable energies in rural decentralised electrification.NO40.PNW
18、82-263 Maximum Power Point Tracking.IEEE Codes and StandardsABBREVIATIONS:ANW=Approved New Work PNW=Proposed New WorkCDM=Committee draft to be discussed in at meeting.PWI=Potential New Work Item.,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,19,九、目前急需贯彻的标准,1.IEC61727-1995 Photovoltaic system-characteristics of the utilit
19、y interface.2.IEEE929-2000 Recommended practice for Utility Interface of PV system.3.IEC61215-1993 单晶硅电池标准.crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic(PV)modules.Design Qualification and type approval.4.IEC60304 Electrical Installations of building.5.IEC61000 EMC standards.6.GB/T 并网光伏发电系统技术要求.7.UL1
20、741-1999 Standard for Static Inverters and Charge Controllers for Use in PV Power Systems.,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,20,十、结论,光伏并网发电有广阔的应用前景;西部今后将有可能建成1100MW 光伏并网电站;目前光伏并网发电标准严重滞后,法规稀缺。,下一页,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,21,十一、附录,国内外著名的并网逆变器制造商:国外:SMA Regelsysteme Gmbh(德国)Fronius(德国)Sunpower(德国)Xantrex(美国TRACE)Ba
21、lland Power System Mitisubishi三菱(日本)Sharp(日本)国内:合肥阳光电源有限公司 北京市计科能源新技术开发公司 合肥工业大学能源研究所 北京索英电气技术有限公司 中国科学院电工研究所 北京日佳公司,END,其它,其它,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,22,安装于阳光公司楼顶的30KWp并网用太阳电池阵列,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,23,安装于阳光公司的50KW并网光伏逆变器,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,24,50KW并网光伏逆变器监控软件运行主界面,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,25,安装于上海奉贤的10KWp并网光伏电站,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,26,用于上海奉贤的10KW并网光伏逆变器,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,27,SC系列正弦波并网充/放电装置,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,28,太阳能、风力发电并网型逆变电源,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,29,SG系列2KW并网光伏逆变器,2023/3/6,合肥阳光电源有限公司,30,祝此次大会圆满成功!,谢谢!,阳光电源科研及产业基地,
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