Failure Mode and Effects Analysis 失效模式及后果分析(FMEA手册培训) .ppt
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1、Welcome 欢迎进入,Failure Mode and Effects Analysis失效模式及后果分析,Course Purpose课程目标,Define what an FMEA is,list the benefits and distinguish between three types of FMEAs 定义什么是FMEA,定义FMEA的益处,以及三种类型的FMEA之间的区别Describe how to use Path/Step 1 of the FMEA Working Model in order to complete/review Design FMEAs描述如何使
2、用FMEA工作模式的路径/步骤1,以便完成/评审设计FEMA。Learn new robustness methodologies学习新的,稳健的方法Explain how FMEAs fit into Fords quality strategies,FPDS timings and FPS strategies说明FMEA如何符合福特的质量战略,FPDS的时间进度和FPS战略。,Participants will be able to function as effective FMEA team members by being able to:学员通过掌握以下知识可以有效的完成FMEA
3、小组成员的工作:,Participant Materials学员材料,FMEA HandbookFMEA手册Participant Guide学员指导书,Page Number页码,FMEA-An IntroductionFMEA-简介,Why Do FMEAs?为何进行FMEA?Definition,Purpose,Benefits,TypesFMEA的定义,目的,益处,类型FMEA Working ModelFMEA的工作模式Generating/Managing产生/管理Team Approach小组法,FMEA DefinitionFEMA-定义,Identify potential
4、failure modes识别潜在的失效模式Identify and prioritize actions确定措施,并排列其有限顺序Document the process对过程进行文件化,Structured group of activities which.FEMA是一组结构化的活动,这些活动:,Why Do FMEAs?为何进行FMEA?,To ensure that all potential risks are identified and addressed确保已经识别并说明所有的潜在风险Significant savings in engineering time-reduct
5、ion in changes immediately before and after Job 1有效的节约工程时间-减少Job 1之前和之后的即时变化。,FMEA PurposesFMEA的目的,Failures 失效,Time 时间进度,Timing&Qualityof Potential Failures潜在失效的时间进度和质量,JOB 1,FMEA,FMEA PurposesFMEA的目的,VDS/SDS,Design and Process Orientation设计和过程导向,Customer Orientation顾客导向,Campaign Background活动的背景,CAM
6、PAIGN RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATIONS活动的相关组织,0%,20%,40%,60%,80%,100%,Ford PD 福特PD,Supplier 供方,Ford Mfg 福特制造商,ORGANIZATION 组织,Best Practice FMEAFMEA的最好练习,RELIABILITY NOISE FACTORS可靠性的噪音因素,0%,20%,40%,60%,80%,100%,System系统间的相互作用,Deterioration退化,Environment环境,Mfg Variation制造变差,Customer顾客使用,NOISE FACTOR 噪音因素,F
7、MEA TypesFMEA-类型,Design/ProcessConceptFMEA设计/过程FMEA的概念,Component 部件,DesignFMEA设计FMEA,System 系统,Sub-System 子系统,ProcessFMEA过程FMEA,Assembly装配,Manufacturing制造,MachineryFMEA机械 FMEA,Change Point Approach变化点的处理,New design or process is planned计划了新的设计或过程Modification to a component,process or system is plann
8、ed,including those due to Global 8D计划了部件,过程或系统的更改,包括8D过程的更改Component is to be used in new environment,location,or application部件将要用于新的环境,现场,或应用。,FMEAs are living documents,and are updated when.FMEA是动态文件,在以下情况下进行更新,Benefits/Uses-Concept FMEAsFMEA概念的益处/用法,Helps select optimum concept帮助选择最适宜的概念Helps set
9、 targets for the concept帮助制定概念的目标Identifies testing requirements识别试验要求Helps determine if hardware system redundancy is required帮助决定是否需要,Design 设计,Process 过程,Concept 概念,Benefits/Uses-Design FMEAs设计FMEA-益处/用法,Aids in evaluating requirements and alternatives帮助评价要求和可供选择的方法Aids in initial design for DFM,
10、DFA,DFS,and DFR帮助DFM,DFA,DFS和DFR的初始设计Helps plan thorough and efficient development and validation programs 帮助进行项目的完整策划,有效开发和确认。Develops a prioritized list for actions开发一份按优先顺序排列的措施清单Helps identify potential special characteristics帮助识别潜在的特殊特性Helps validate DVPs and SDSs帮助确认DVP和SDS,Process 过程,Concept
11、概念,Design 设计,Benefits/Uses-Process FMEAs过程FMEA-益处/用法,Assesses Effects on all customers评估所有顾客的效果Identifies potential Manufacturing and Assembly causes to focus controls on reducing occurrence and/or increasing detection识别潜在的制造和装配原因,对降低发生率和/或提高探测度进行重点控制Develops a prioritized list for actions开发一份按优先顺序排
12、列的措施清单Documents the results of the manufacturing or assembly process文件化制造或装配过程的结果Identifies confirmed special characteristics requiring special controls识别确定的,需要特别控制的特殊特性,Design 设计,Concept 概念,Process 过程,Former FMEA Process,Targets,Cross-Functional Team,History,FMEA,Robustness Tools are not specified,
13、FMEA(with Robustness Linkages)ProcessFMEA(有稳健联系的)过程,FMEA(withRobustnessLinkages)FMEA(有稳健联系的),Qualifies and clarifies the relationships between Systems鉴定并说明系统之间的关系,Identifies and quantifies the strength of System Interactions识别并量化系统之间的相互作用,Identifies Noise and Control Factors and Error States识别噪音,控制因
14、素和误差状态,Summarizes Error States,Noise Factors,and associated Design Controls总结误差状态,噪音因素和相关设计控制图,FMEA Working ModelFMEA 工作模式,Path/Step 1路径/步骤1,Path/Step 2路径/步骤2,Path/Step 3路径/步骤3,Generating FMEAsFMEA的产生,FMEAs,Who initiates?由谁发起的?,Failure Mode and Effects Analysis失效模式和后果分析,Who prepares?由谁准备?,Who update
15、s?由谁更新?,Who is FMEA customer?谁是FMEA的顾客?,When started and updated?何时开始?何时更新?,Relationshipto FPDS?与FPDS的关系?,When is FMEA complete?什么时间完成FMEA?,How is FMEA documented?如何对FMEA进行文件化?,When to discard?何时废止?,Who initiates an FMEA?谁执行FMEA,CFMEA:CFMEA:Scientific Research Labs(SRLs),Research Vehicle Technology(
16、RVT),Advanced Manufacturing,or program team科学研究试验室(SRLs),车辆研究技术(RVT),先期制造,或项目小组DFMEADFMEAResponsible Engineer or Supplier相应的工程师和供应商PFMEAPFMEAResponsible Engineer or Supplier相应的工程师和供应商,When can FMEA documents be discarded?什么时候可以处理掉FMEA文档,FMEA Documents must be retained in accordance with Global Infor
17、mation Standards Record Retention Schedule:FMEA必须按照全球信息记录保持时间标准对这些文档进行保存DFMEAs:Last use+10 yearsDFMEs:最终使用后+10年PFMEAs:Last use+5 yearsPFMEAs:最终使用后+10年,How is an FMEA documented?FMEA怎样文件化,On Industry Standard compliant(SAE J1739)Forms产业标准表格(SAE J1739),When is an FMEA complete?何时FMEA才算完成了?,An FMEA is
18、a living documentFMEA是动态的文档The FMEA is complete when matched with a released/signed-off product or process:FMEA“完成”是在与已发布/批准的产品或过程相符时CFMEA:when the System Design Specifications are frozen and the design functions are defined.CFMEA:当系统设计规范冻结和设计功能确定时DFMEA:when the product design is released for produc
19、tion.DFMEA:当产品设计发布用于生产时PFMEA:when all operations have been considered,all Special Characteristics have been addressed,and the Control Plan has been completed.PFMEA:当所有的生产都被考虑到,所有的特殊特性都被适当安排,以及控制计划完成时,Who prepares an FMEA?谁来准备FMEA?,An individual is usually responsible for the preparation of an FMEA:个
20、人通常对FMEA的准备负责任:Ford:responsible engineer福特:相应的工程师Supplier:Supplier engineer供应商:供应商处的工程师All input should be a team effort.所有的输入必须是小组的努力结果。For proprietary designs(black/gray box),suppliers are responsible.The Ford design responsible activity approves the accuracy and thoroughness of suppliers FMEAs.对于
21、私人设计(黑/灰匣子),由供应商负责。福特相应的工程师对供应商的FMEA的精确性进行批准。,Who updates an FMEA?谁更新FMEA?,FMEAs are updated by the responsible System,Product,or Manufacturing/Assembly EngineerFMEA由相应的系统、产品或制造/装配工程师进行更新。Suppliers are responsible to keep their own FMEAs up to date.供应商负责对他们自已的FMEA进行更新。,Who is the FMEA Customer?谁是FME
22、A的顾客?,All FMEAs:所有的FMEAs:End User最终用户Service activities售后服务CFMEA and DFMEA:CFMEA和DFMEA:Design responsible activities与设计有关的行动Manufacturing process activities 与制造有关的过程PFMEA:PFMEA:subsequent or downstream manufacturing or assembly operations下一工序或下游的制造或装配,When is an FMEA started or updated?FMEA什么时候起动或更新
23、,DFMEAInitiated before or at finalization of design concept 在设计概念前或决定时起动Updated throughout the phase of product development 在产品开发的各个阶段进行更新Fundamentally completed before the production drawings are released for tooling 基本上,在生产用图纸正式发放用于模具开发前应完成PFMEAInitiated before or at the feasibility state 在可行性分析前或
24、开始时起动Fundamentally completed prior to tooling for production基本上,在生产用工装制造前完成,FMEAs and Systems EngineeringFMEA和系统工程,DFMEA,PFMEA,Self AssessmentIntro,Design FMEA-An Introduction设计FEMA-简介,Identify DFMEA Team 成立DFEMA小组Establish Scope确定范围Describe Function功能描述Brainstorming头脑风暴Function Trees功能树Practice Exe
25、rcise 1实践练习1,Design FMEA Team设计FMEA-小组,Design FMEA Scope设计FMEA-范围,Is the boundary or extent of the analysis defines what is included and excluded 分析的界限或程度是否确定包含什么,不包含什么?Scope incorrectly done:不正确的范围会:Lengthens analysis延长分析Misses target analysis偏离目标分析Identifies wrong team membership错误地识别小组成员,Design F
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