机械毕业设计(论文)水轮机进水阀门液压系统设计【全套图纸】.doc
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1、摘 要水轮机进水阀门液压系统,用于控制阀门的开启与关闭,在阀门全开或全闭时,通过锁定缸实现阀门的锁定,系统以蓄能器作为主要动力源,并同时起保压作用,油泵用于向系统补充所需的压力同时也可以作为动力源开启和关闭阀门。水轮机进水阀门系统,一般配有压力液位,温度等传感器,主阀,旁通阀,锁定阀都带有阀芯位置检测,可对系统的压力,液位温度实现远程自动控制,并可在主控直观察到住阀,旁通阀和锁定阀所处的位置。关键词:液压;活塞;液压缸;阀全套图纸。加153893706Abstract Turbine inlet valve of the hydraulic system used to control the
2、 valve opening and closing, the valve is fully open or fully closed, the valve locking system accumulator as the main power source through the lock cylinder to achieve, and also played the role of holding pressure, pressure pump used to replenish the system also can be used as a power source to open
3、 and close the valve. Water hydraulic valve of the hydraulic system, generally equipped with a pressure level and temperature sensors, the main valve, a bypass valve, with lock valve spool position are detected, the system pressure, temperature level remote automatic control, and can be directly obs
4、erved live valves, valve bypass valve and lock in amaster location.Key words:Hydraulic; Hydraulic Cylinder; Piston Valve目 录摘要IAbstractII第1章 绪论11.1 研究的目的及意义11.2 国内外发展现状11.3 工作原理11.4 结构简介2第2章 水轮机进水阀门液压系统设计3 2.1 结构方案选择3 2.2 液压缸工况分析3 2.3 液压缸几何尺寸计算 32.3.1 确定液压缸内径3 2.3.2 确定液压缸有效面积4 2.3.3 液压缸内缸筒的长度4 2.3.4
5、液压缸内缸筒的行程42.4 液压缸主要几何尺寸的计算 42.4.1 壁厚计算42.4.2 液压缸油口直径的计算5 2.4.3 液压缸的缸筒壁厚的校核5 2.4.4 液压缸外缸筒内径确定62.4.5 外缸筒活塞杆直径的校核62.4.6 液压缸外缸筒的有效面积62.4.7 缸筒壁厚的计算和校核62.4.8 液压缸外缸筒油口直径的计算72.4.9 缸底厚度h的计算72.4.10 缸头与法兰的联结计算82.4.11 计算直径d82.4.12 法兰直径和厚度的确定92.4.13 缸底厚度h的计算92.4.14 求液压缸的最大流量102.4.15 缸盖的联结计算102.4.16 缸头直径和缸盖直径112.
6、4.17 活塞的宽度B112.4.18 导向套长A122.4.19 活塞最小导向长度H122.4.20 隔套长度E122. 5 液压缸主要零件的结构、材料及技术要求 122.5.1 油缸缸体12 2.5.2 活塞杆材料12 2.5.3 活塞所用材料13 2.5.4 缸底 缸盖材料132.5.5 导向套132.5.6 油缸设有排气测压装置132.5.7 关节轴承132.5.8 密封132.5.9 液压缸的缓冲装置132.5.10 排气装置14第3章 液压系统图的拟定15 3.1 制定基本方案15 3.1.1 选择液压动力源15 3.1.2 制定调速方案15 3.1.3 制定顺序动作方案16 3.
7、1.4 制定压力控制方案17 3.2 制定液压系统图17 3.2.1 油源18 3.2.2 压力调节与控制183.2.3 液压系统的工作程序18 3.2.4 液压系统的动作过程18 3.3 工作原理图20第4章 液压元件选择21 4.1 确定液压泵排量21 4.1.1 确定液压泵的最大工作压力pp214.1.2 液压泵的流量计算214.1.3 选择液压泵的规格214.2 选择电机21 4.3 液压阀选择224.3.1 阀的规格224.3.2 阀的型式224.4 蓄能器选择224.5 管路尺寸的确定234.5.1 管道内径计算234.5.2 管道壁厚的计算234.6 油箱容积的确定23第5章 液
8、压系统性能26 5.1 管理系统压力损失的验算26 5.1.1 液压系统压力损失验算26 5.1.2 沿程压力损失26 5.1.3 局部损失275.1.4 总压力损失29 5.2 液压系统的发热计算29 5.2.1 系统散热量计算29 5.2.2 系统发热量计算305.2.3 系统热平衡温度验算30 5.3 油箱尺寸设计30第6章 液压装置设计32 6.1 集成块设计32 6.2 液压装置总体布局326.3 液压阀的配置形式32第7章 液压安装及调试347.1 液压系统安装347.2 调试前准备工作347.3 调试运行347.4 液压系统的用液及污染的控制347.5 调试运行中应注意的问题35
9、结论36致谢37参考文献38CONTENTSAbstractIChapter 1 Introduction11.1.1 The purpose and significance of the study 11.1.2 Development of a home and abroad11.1.3 Working Principle 11.1.4 Structure Introduction 2Chapter 2 Turbine inlet valve hydraulic system design3 2.1 Structure scheme selection 3 2.2 Analysis of
10、 hydraulic cylinders working conditions3 2.3 Calculation of the hydraulic cylinder geometry32.3.1 To determine the hydraulic cylinder bore 3 2.3.2 To determine the effective area of the hydraulic cylinder 3 2.3.3 Determine the diameter of the piston rod 4 2.3.4 Checking the stability of the piston 4
11、2.4 Main cylinder geometry calculations 42.4.1 Wall thickness calculation 42.4.2 Calculate the diameter of the cylinder port 52.4.3 Thick cylinder checking pen 52.4.4 Checking the stability of the piston 62.4.5 Calculate the diameter d 62.4.6 To determine the diameter and thickness of the flange 62.
12、4.7 Calculation of thickness h Bottom 62.4.8 Maximum flow requirements of the hydraulic cylinder 72.4.9 Head coupling calculation 72.4.10 Diameter of the cylinder head and cylinder head diameter 82.4.11 Guide sleeve length 82.4.12 The minimum length of the guide piston 92.4.13 Different sets of leng
13、th92.4.14 Guide sleeve 102.4.15 The minimum length of the guide piston 102.4.16 Guide sleeve length112.4.17 Guide minimum length of the guide pistonB 112.4.18 The minimum A 122.4.19 Different sets of lengthH122.4.20 Maximum flow requirements of the hydraulic E 122.5 The main parts of the hydraulic c
14、ylinder structural material technical requirements 122.5.1 The cylinder block 12 2.5.2 Rod material 12 2.5.3 Piston material 13 2.5.4 Bottom head material 132.5.5 Guide sleeve 132.5.6 Exhaust air cylinder pressure measurement device132.5.7 Spherical Plain Bearings 132.5.8 Seal 132.5.9 Hydraulic cyli
15、nder cushion device 132.5.10 Exhaust 14Chapter 3 Hydraulic system proposed in Figure153.1 Formulate the basic program 15 3.1.1 Select the hydraulic power source 15 3.1.2 Develop speed program 15 3.1.3 Sequential action plan to develop 163.1.4 Develop pressure control program 173.2 Develop hydraulic
16、system 173.2.1 Oil source 183.2.2 Pressure regulation and control 18 3.2.3 Hydraulic system working procedures 183.2.4 Pressure regulation and control183.3 Working Principle20Chapter 4 Turbine inlet valve hydraulic system design214.1 Hydraulic motor selection214.1.1 Determine the maximum working pre
17、ssure of the hydraulic pump 21 4.1.2 Calculate displacement hydraulic pump 21 4.1.3 Determining the flow rate of the hydraulic214.2 Choose a hydraulic accumulator214.3 Hydraulic valve select224.3.1 Valve specifications 224.3.2 Valve Type224.4 Choose a hydraulic accumulator224.5 Pipe size is determin
18、ed234.5.1 Pipe diameter calculation 234.5.2 Calculation of pipe wall thickness 234.6 Fuel tank capacity is determined23Chapter 5 Hydraulic System Performance265.1 Management system pressure loss checking 265.1.1 The total pressure loss 265.1.2 Calculation of the cooling system 265.1.3 System to calc
19、ulate heat 275.1.4 Pipe diameter calculation 295.2 Calculation of the heat of the hydraulic system295.2.1 Calculation of the cooling system 29 5.2.2 System to calculate heat 305.2.3 Checking system thermal equilibrium temperature305.3 Tank size design30Chapter 6 Hydraulics Design326.1 Manifold Desig
20、n326.2 Overall layout of the hydraulic device326.3 Hydraulic valve configurations32Chapter 7 Hydraulic installation and commissioning347.1 Hydraulic System Installation 34 7.2 debugging preparations before 347.3 Commissioning 347.4 Hydraulic system with fluid and pollution control347.5 Debugging pro
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