石油构造分析第2讲 伸展盆地及生长构造 第2部分.ppt

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1、不同构造背景下裂陷盆地的结构差异裂陷盆地不同发育阶段的结构变化裂陷盆地控边断裂和控凹断裂的展布和发展转换带对裂陷盆地结构、沉积和地层的制约裂陷盆地富烃凹陷中圈闭构造样式,转换带（transfer zone）和调节带（accommodation zone）是裂陷盆地的典型结构特征之一，具有分割、过渡一级构造单元及其内部结构的功能。,转换带的概念是Dahlstrtom,C.D.A(1970)首次提出，C.K.Morley(1990)提出伸展地区转换带的分类。在伸展型盆地中，转换带是指为保持区域伸展应变守恒而产生的伸展变形构造转接体系。,Different types offault-to-faul

2、t transfer zones(stippled areas)in the mappedparts of the Suez rift,Cairo-Suez area,and the northwestern Red Sea.(A)Relay ramp;(B)linking transfer fault(TF);(C)en echelon step faulting;(D)en echelon horst-grabenfaulting;(E)tilted fault blocks;(F)zigzag fault array.Faultsdrawn in heavy lines are thos

3、elinked by the transfer zone.（Adel R.Moustafa,2002）,Kinematic relationship between the right-lateral oblique-slip movement on the east-westoriented deep-seated faults underlying the en echelon fault belts of the Cairo-Suez district and the dip-slip normal movement on the linked,northwest-southeastor

4、iented faults.Block diagrams represent the deep-seated structures,whereas the maps show the structures at the top Eocene surface.(A)Linked faults have the same polarity.Triangle drawn on the front face shows the resolution of the slip vector(hypotenuse)of the hanging block of the transfer fault into

5、 strike-slip and dip-slip components.(B)Linked faults have opposite polarity.,Simplified structural map of the Suez rift andnorthwestern Red Sea region showing three H-H TZ Between oppositely tilted half grabens.,Map-view evolution of the Lokichar fault,northern Kenya.The fault zone appears to have

6、evolved by amalgamation oftwo initially separate faults in the southern part of the fault zone,the associated basins joined,and half grabens developed duringthe Paleogene and early Miocene.The northern part of the fault zone developed during the late MiocenePliocene and joined withthe largely inacti

7、ve Lokichar basin segment of the fault.The structure map is based on seismic reflection data presented in Morleyet al.(1999a).,Conceptualmodelof a narrow rift systemshowing an along-strikechange in the half-grabenpolarity.The possible variationsin synrift sedimentation patternsand sediment input poi

8、ntsare shown.Suez riftAmgad I.Younes，2002,地堑,半地堑,地堑,半地堑,地堑,地堑,半地堑,半地堑,半地堑,半地堑,惠州凹陷文昌组等厚图,文昌组：转换带分割的张扭性斜列式裂陷结构,半地堑,半地堑,半地堑,地堑,C.惠州转换带分类,复合型转换带：分割构造单元内次洼的横向古隆起带。断层-断层型：物源方向，可能的砂体发育带。,1,3,2,不同构造背景下裂陷盆地的结构差异裂陷盆地不同发育阶段的结构变化裂陷盆地控边断裂和控凹断裂的展布和发展转换带对裂陷盆地结构、沉积和地层的制约裂陷盆地富烃凹陷中圈闭构造样式,Formation of typical oil fie

9、ld in the Gulf of Suez(OConnor and Kanes,1984),胜利油田勘探形势图,缓坡带,潜山披覆带,洼陷带,中央背斜带,洼陷带,陡坡带,地层不整合油藏 断块油藏 构造-岩性油藏 岩性油藏 塑性拱张背斜油藏 滚动背斜油藏 构造-地层超覆油藏 潜山类油藏,裂谷圈闭及油气藏示意图,断裂坡折带,丘陵,湖平面,山间水道,深水浊积扇,补给水道,近岸水下扇,“断裂坡折带”控制“低位扇”的发育。,断裂坡折带低位扇成因关系模式,缓坡带砂岩油气藏勘探,富林富烃洼陷勘探,孤南洼陷有两套油气源层，已在不同层位探明了油气储量,沙三段源层提供了富斜11断块、垦91、垦153、垦利潜山古生

10、界油气；中部无油源层，由孤南洼陷通过断层提供的油气，形成垦77井沙一东营组的油藏。,该区块找到了几块油气田,Bruce Trudgill,et al,2002Introduction to the structure and stratigraphy of rift systemsAAPG Bulletin,v.86,no.6(June 2002),pp.931933,1、裂谷演化的整个过程中对结构起控制作用的断层研究的深化：断层生长和连接方式。对构造、沉积、地层三者及相互关系 的研究具有十分重要的意义，三者间的量化研究是重要的方向。2、深化物源通道的演化与断裂作用之间的精确关系。3、评价裂谷盆地充填过程中的古气候和古地貌。4、更好地了解裂谷盆地中含油气系统的主控因素。5、更好地了解盆地结构与油气远景间的关系，特别是构造与沉积间的相互关系。,基底卷入型构造样式,张性断块,盖层滑脱型构造样式,滑脱型正断层组合,