高中英语定语从句详解).ppt

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1、The Attributive Clause,定语从句,Which one is Harry Porter?,The boy is Harry Porter,Which one is Harry Porter?,The boy _ is Harry Porter.,who is wearing glasses,定语从句,一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语),(Attributive clause),Harry Porter is a smart boy.,Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰

2、boy,叫做定语从句,一.定义 1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在他所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词,叫先行词。3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫引导词或关系词(关系代词，关系副词）。关系代词:that,which,who whom as whose 关系副词：where,when,why 等.,Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,which,who,whom,whose,that,where,when，why,关系词处在先行词与定语从句之间，起着：,A.连接主

3、从句；,B.指代先行词；,C.在定语从句中作句子成分。,的三重作用,二.作用,关系词,三.定从分析步骤1.找出先行词；2.划出定从范围；3.看从句中缺什么。,四.分类：1.限制性定从:无逗；2.非限制性定从:有逗。(不用that),二、用法:,These are the trees which/that were planted last year.,先行词是人,关系代词:who whom whose that which,先行词是物,These are the students who/that won the first place last year.,引导定语从句的关系代词,关系代词,

4、先行词为人或物,在从句中作何成份,that,which,who,whom,whose,人,物,物,人,人,人,物,主语/宾语/表语,主语/宾语,主语/宾语,宾语,定语,注：which,whom,whose:可放在介词之后，其他关系词都无此用法。,Have a try,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr.Wang.()2.The girl(whom)I met is Lucy.()3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.()4.I like the book(w

5、hich)you bought yesterday.(),主语宾语定语宾语,1.who,whom,whose,that 用法区别.,who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,whom 作定语从句的宾语,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted t

6、o visit the woman.,分解,作宾语,that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,whose 作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,I have a b

7、ook whose cover is yellow.,2.which,that 的用法,which 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,I like the book(which/that)you bought yesterday.,This is a truck which/that is made in China.,作主语,作宾语,3.只能用that的情况,序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时,Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.,This is the first play that I have seen since I came her

8、e.,everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时,Everything that we saw in this film was true.,先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。,Ive read all the books that you lend me.,先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。,This is the very book that belongs to him.,主句已有who或which时,W

9、ho is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.,当先行词同时指人和物时,Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.,4.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用which,This is the boy with whom he talked.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars

10、.,（一）引导定语从句的关系代词,23,when,where,why,（二）引导定语从句的关系副词,1.This is the place where I was born.2.I remember the day when I first met him.3.Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me?,关系副词,When=on(in,during)which,where=on(in,in front of)which,Why=for which,（三）关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代,26,when,when可用in/on/at/during+

11、which 代替,1.I still remember the day.2.I first met him on the day.I still remember the day on which I first met him.,when,which,27,where,where可用in/on/at/to+which代替1.The dictionary is the only place.2.Success comes before work in the dictionary.The dictionary is the only place in which success comes b

12、efore work.,where,which.,28,1.America is the country.2.I was born in the country.,America is the country in which I was born.,which.,where,Beijing is the city in which I was born.,where,29,why,why可用for+which 代替,1.This is the reason.2.I was late for school for this reason.This is the reason for which

13、 I was late for school.,why,which.,30,关系代词和关系副词的区别,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语关系副词在定语从句中作状语,如何选用定语从句的关系词,1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。,Have you got it?,由Who 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语,1、Do you know the man _ is talking with your father?

14、A.whose B.who C.which2、The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One.A.when B.which C.who3、Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.A.who B.which C.whom,选择题,4.The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who B.about whom C.whom5.The doct

15、or _ you are looking for is in the room.A.whom B.what C.which6.The teacher for _ you are waiting has come.A.who B.whom C.that,由Whom 引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语,7.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.which B.his C.whose 8.This book is for the students _ native(本国的)language is not English.A.that B.of w

16、hom C.whose 9.The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.A.who B.whose C.that,由Whose 引导的定语从句,在句中做定语,10、He prefers to eat the rice _ in the south.A.who is grown B.which is grown C.when is grown11、The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found.A.which B.who C.what 12、The ro

17、om in _ there are many books is mine.A.that B.who C.which13、This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.A.which B.who C.when,由Which 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语,14.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A.which B.that C.what15.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.that,先行词是不定

18、代词 all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导,16.Its the most boring film _ I have ever seen.A.which B.that C.whose17.This is the first car _ arrived this morning.A.which B.who C.that,先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导,18.I know all people _ are from that village.A.who B.that C.whose19.There is

19、 no water _ is needed badly.A.which B.who C.that20.Please take any seat _ is free.A.which B.that C.in which,先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some 等修饰时只能用that引导,21.That is the very book _ I was looking for.A.who B.that C.which22.After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing _ he owns.A.who

20、 B.that C.which,先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last 等修饰时只能用that引导,23.The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then.A.who B.that C.which,先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导,24.Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory.A.who B.that C.which,主句已有who或which时,只能用that 引导,填空题,1.I have

21、 a friend _ likes listening to classical music.,who/that,which/that,whose,3.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.,2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,4.My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.,5.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.,whic

22、h/that,whom,6.Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.,which/that,7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.,8.All _ we can do is to study hard.,9.The first one _ stands up is a little boy.,that,that,that,句子翻译,1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.,This is the doctor who saved the boys life.,2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.,The man who is running is my uncle.,3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.,I like the music that I can sing along with.,4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.,The woman who lives next door is a teacher.,See you!,