建筑学论文涉水边坡稳定性的三维强度折减有限元分析.doc
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1、涉水边坡稳定性的三维强度折减有限元分析 涉水边坡稳定性的三维强度折减有限元分析 Three-dimensional Slope Stability Analysis by Shear Strength Reduction Finite Element Method (SSR-FEM) under Drawdown Condition【中文摘要】 强度折减有限元法能够考虑土体的应力应变关系,能够自动搜索滑动面的位置及模拟边坡的渐进性破坏过程而受到广泛关注。但该方法尚存在一些问题需要进一步探讨,如有限元网格对计算精度的影响,失稳判据统一性问题,如何将该方法合理应用于考虑库、河、海水位升降等荷载作用
2、下边坡稳定性评价,将该方法从二维拓展到三维的合理性等问题都是值得进一步验证和研究的。针对上述问题,本文主要开展了以下三个方面的研究工作:1.讨论了单元形状、单元类型、网格大小等因素对边坡稳定系数计算精度和变形破坏效果的影响;分析了有限元网格与单元类型对边坡失稳判据的适宜性,对采用合理网格下边坡失稳四种判据的一致性和统一性进行了讨论;探索了边坡土体的黏聚力、内摩擦角及坡角等因素对滑动面和滑出点位置的影响;讨论了不同坡度、坡高、黏聚力和内摩擦角条件下均质边坡的稳定安全系数,并将强度折减有限元解与极限分析上限解进行了对比分析;最后将强度折减有限元法应用于各种复杂条件下的边坡稳定性分析中。2.分析了三
3、种水位下降模式下边坡的失稳机理与稳定安全系数。水位下降模式可分为骤降、缓降及非饱和非稳定渗流三种类型。采用强度折减有限元方法分析水位在骤降和缓降条件下,岸坡的整体稳定性及其失稳机理。进一步地,通过对大型有限元软件ABAQUS的二次开发,采用Visual Fortran 6.5对边坡迎水面的边界条件进行改进,使水位可随时间变化合理模拟非饱和非稳定渗流。着重从水位下降模式、浸润线位置、土体的渗透系数、水位下降速率和下降比等五个方面深入而系统地探讨渗流条件下边坡的稳定性及其影响程度。此外,研究了非饱和区基质吸力对边坡稳定安全系数的影响。在以上工作基础上,进一步讨论了多因素影响下强度折减有限元边坡稳定
4、安全系数的图表表达形式,包括土的黏聚力与内摩擦角、边坡坡角、土的渗透系数、水位下降速率、水位下降比等对安全系数的影响,建立了便于工程上广泛采用的简化图表法。最后讨论了土体的剪胀性对边坡安全系数和滑动面位置的影响。3.将强度折减有限元法拓展到三维边坡稳定性分析。通过典型算例校核强度折减有限元法三维边坡稳定分析中的可行性。研究土体的材料参数、长高比、几何形状、边界条件等因素对三维边坡稳定性和滑动面位置的影响,并与二维边坡的计算结果进行对比分析。在此基础上,将三维边坡强度折减有限元法应用于抗滑桩加固边坡的变形与稳定性分析中,并近一步将强度折减有限元法应用于三维涉水边坡的稳定性分析。【英文摘要】 Mo
5、re and more attentions have been paid to shear strength reduction finite element method(SSR-FEM) for slope stability analysis.Because it has the advantages as follows:(1) No assumption to be made in advance about the shape of the failure surface;(2) Considered non-linear stress-strain relation on so
6、il;(3) Simulation of progressive failure of slopes.But some problems need to be studied in advance.For example,mesh shape,size and order for the accuracy of the calculation;failure criteria;how to analyze slopes stability by shear strength reduction finite element method(SSR-FEM) under transient uns
7、aturated seepages and whether it is rational that SSR-FEM is extended to 3D slope.They are worthy of further study.The main research work done in this thesis consists of the following parts.1.The effect of mesh shape,size and order on the factor of safety is systematically discussed at first.The eff
8、ect of mesh on the failure criteria is then studied.When a slope arrives at the critical failure state by SSR-FEM used rational mesh shape,size and order,the four failure criteria as plastic zone extension from the toe to the top of slope,equivalent plastic strain exceeding a certain value developed
9、 along the potential slip surface,uncontrollable increase in characteristic nodal displacement on slope surface and the iteration non-convergence of nonlinear FEM numerical calculations can be found in turn.Discussed calculation results which showed the four evaluation criteria are highly consistent
10、.Location of potential slip surface and out-slip point is associated with cohesion,internal friction angle and slope angle. The factors of safety obtained by the limit analysis method and SSR-FEM are compared for various slopes with different slope angle,slope height,cohesion and internal friction a
11、ngle. Moreover,SSR-FEM is also applied to the stability of slopes under complex conditions.2.The safety factor of slope stability and failure mechanism are systematically discussed under various drawdown condtions.Water drawdown conditions can be divided into three modes as rapid drawdown,slow drawd
12、own,simple transient unsaturated seepage or transient unsaturated seepage.Shear strength reduction finite element method(SSR-FEM) has been applied to analyze the slope stability and failure mechanism under water rapid and slow drawdown,the factors of safety achived are compared with those by the lim
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- 建筑学 论文 涉水 稳定性 三维 强度 有限元分析
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