英译汉练习.doc

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1、【1】星期天，我在家有些闲空时，常常站在窗前看看街上的行人。兴高采烈的孩子们手挽着手走着，红领巾随风飘摆。看到他们我就想起我童年的一段苦难经历。我出生在X国。我刚刚学走路就突然得了小儿麻痹症，双腿失去了知觉。父母卖了家里的几件东西把我送进医院，希望能治好我的病。但是治疗无效。大夫宣称我要终身残废。【2】我幼小的时候，母亲背着我。但是等我渐渐长大了，我对自己的不幸越来越感到难过。不知多少次我对母亲说：“妈妈，我要走路，让我站起来吧。”这使我母亲十分伤心。虽然我还小，可是我老是想：“要是能走路，那该多快活，那怕走一次，甚至一步也好。【3】当时这是我的唯一愿望。这个愿望真让我父母的心都碎了。我的父母

2、根本没钱，可是仍然想办法把我送到每一家有名的医院。可是得到的回答到处都一样-我的病是治不好的。【4】我的生活就是这样一年一年地熬着。但我始终没有放弃能治愈的希望。等我长大一点，我产生了一种想法-我是中国人，我的病准能在中国治好。我不断地要求父母带我回国。我十岁那年，全家回到了我日夜想念的祖国。当我被放在祖国的温暖的土地上，我的兴奋和喜悦是难以言表的。可我是个残废，不能在祖国的土地上站着。难以忍受的痛苦压在心头。【5】不久我就被送往一家儿童医院。几位医生对我进行了彻底的检查。我记不得他们检查了多长时间。我用颤抖的声音对他们说：“治治我吧，让我站起来吧。”这时我脑海里浮现出一串串痛苦的回忆。我回忆

3、起在X国几次被送到医院去的情景。检查完毕了。一位老医生笑着对我说：“我看你还能走路，最好你现在就住院吧。”我简直不能相信自己的耳朵。我有生以来第一次落下欢乐的眼泪。 【6】几天以后，我的腿动了手术。医生和护士就象照顾自己的女儿和妹妹一样照顾我。那位老医生每天来到我的床边问我感觉怎样，胃口好不好。又过了十几天，我的腿开始变得温暖起来。为了使我尽快地恢复功能，医院为我进行了中西医会诊。除了打针和吃药外，医生们还为我针灸和按摩。三个月后，我已能平稳地站在地上，但是仍不能迈步。护士们为我特制了一双鞋。她们帮我穿上，扶我站起来。几位年轻的护士每天不厌其烦地带我到花园，扶我练习走路。花园里百花盛开，阳光灿

4、烂。每当来到这里，我的心里就说不出的高兴。一天，我突然觉得我的腿能独立走动，一步，又一步！我不由得高兴得喊出来：“我能走了，我的腿能走了。”从那天开始，我坚持独立行走。【7】X国的医学很先进，但没能治好我的病。我在X国生活了十年也没能在该国的土地上走过一步。如今我已能在祖国的土地上阔步而行。是祖国的亲人使我获得了充满幸福和希望的生活。【1】 On Sundays, when I have a few moments to spare, I often stand before the window to look at the people striding along the street.

5、 Joyous children walk arm in arm with their red scarves fluttering in the breeze. As I look at them, I reflect on (bring to mind, call to mind) the bitter experience of my childhood.I was born in country X. When I was just learning to walk, I was suddenly attacked with infantile paralysis (poliomyel

6、itis, polio). My legs became benumbed. My parents sold some household goods (articles) to put (send) me to a hospital, hoping to see me stand on my feet again. But there was no sight (sign) of improvement. And in the end the doctors pronounced me a life-long cripple. 【2】When I was a baby, (my) mothe

7、r carried me on her back. But when I grew older I became more oppressed with my misfortune (My misfortune weighed more heavily on my mind). I dont know (remember) how many times I pained my mother by saying “Mama, I want to walk. Please make me stand on my feet.” Young as I was, I kept wondering “Ho

8、w happy I would be if I could walk, even once, even one step.”【3】It was my only wish. Indeed it broke my parents hearts. My parents were by no means well-off, but they did everything in their power to take me to every known hospital. But the answer was the same everywhere-My case was incurable (Mine

9、 was an incurable case).【4】Life dragged on like this for me year after year. But I never gave up the hope of being cured. When I grew older, I got an idea-Since I was a Chinese, my disease would surely be cured in China. I kept on asking my parents to bring me back to my (the) motherland. When I was

10、 ten years old, my family returned to my (the) motherland for which I had longed day and night. When I was placed on the soil of my (the) motherland, my joy and excitement were too great for words. Being a cripple (A cripple), I could not, however, stand on the tender (warm) soil of my (the) motherl

11、and. An unutterable grief gnawed at my heart. 【5】Very soon I was taken to a childrens hospital. Several doctors gave me (my legs) a thorough examination (examined me my legs thoroughly). I dont remember how long they examined me (the examination lasted). I said to them in (with) a trembling voice: “

12、Doctors, please cure my legs, make me stand on my feet.” At that moment a train of bitter memories of those days when I was taken to one hospital after another in country X came into my mind. After the examination, an old (an elderly, a veteran) doctor said with a smile: “I think you will be able to

13、 walk. Youd better stay in the hospital now.” I could hardly believe my ears. For the first time in my life, tears of joy rolled down my cheeks.【6】Several days later my legs were operated on. The doctors and nurses looked after me as if I were their own daughter and sister. Every day the old (elderl

14、y, veteran) doctor came to my bedside and asked me how I felt and if I had a good appetite. After ten more days, (Another ten days had passed.) my (My) legs began to turn warm. In order to enable me to recover quickly, the hospital held a group consultation of doctors practicing traditional Chinese

15、medicine and doctors practicing western medicine. In addition to injection and medicine, the doctors gave me acupuncture and massage treatments. Three months later, I could stand quite firmly on the ground, but I could not take any step forward. The nurses made a special pair of shoes for me. They h

16、elped me on with the shoes and brought me to my feet. Every day some young nurses showed the greatest patience in taking me to the garden and helping me practice walking. In the garden all kinds of flowers were in full bloom under the bright sun. My heart leapt with joy each time I came there. One d

17、ay I suddenly felt my legs moving forward. One step and then another. I could not help crying for joy (I cried for joy in spite of myself): “I can walk. My legs are carrying me.” From then on I kept on practicing walking independently (by myself). 【7】My disease was not cured in country X although me

18、dical science was advanced in that country. I lived in country X for ten years. But I never took a step on its soil. Now I could stride on the soil of my motherland. It was the dear ones of my motherland that gave me a life of happiness and hope.祝福【1】她不是鲁镇人。有一年的冬初，四叔家里要换女工，做中人的卫老婆子带她进来了，头上扎着白头绳，乌裙，蓝

19、夹袄，月白背心，年纪大约二十六七，脸色青黄，但两颊却还是红的。卫老婆子叫她祥林嫂，说是自己母家的邻舍，死了当家人，所以出来做工了。四叔皱了皱眉，四婶已经知道了他的意思，是在讨厌她是一个寡妇。但是她模样还周正，手脚都壮大，又只是顺着限，不开一句口，很像一个安分耐劳的人，便不管四叔的皱眉，将她留下了。试工期内，她整天的做，似乎闲着就无聊，又有力，简直抵得过一个男子，所以第三天就定局，每月工钱五百文。【2】大家都叫她祥林嫂；没问她姓什么，但中人是卫家山人，既说是邻居，那大概也就姓卫了。她不很爱说话，别人问了才回答，答的也不多。直到十几天之后，这才陆续的知道她家里还有严厉的婆婆，一个小叔子，十多岁，能

20、打柴了；她是春天没了丈夫的；他本来也打柴为生，比她小十岁：大家所知道的就只是这一点。【3】日子很快的过去了，她的做工却毫没有懈，食物不论，力气是不惜的。人们都说鲁四老爷家里雇着了女工，实在比勤快的男人还勤快。到年底，扫尘，洗地，杀鸡，宰鹅，彻夜的煮福礼，全是一人担当，竟没有添短工。然而她反满足，口角边渐渐的有了笑影，脸上也白胖了。She was not from Luzhen. Early one winter, when my uncles family wanted a new maid, old Mrs. Wei the go-between brought her along. She

21、 had a white mourning band round her hair and was wearing a black skirt, blue jacket, and pale green bodice. Her age was about twenty-six, and though her face was sallow her cheeks were red. Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglins Wife, a neighbour of her mothers family, who wanted to go out to wor

22、k now that her husband had died. My uncle frowned at this, and my aunt knew that he disapproved of taking on a widow. She looked just the person for them, though, with her big strong hands and feet; and judging by her downcast eyes and silence, she was a good worker who would know her place. So my a

23、unt ignored my uncles frown and kept her. During her trial period she worked from morning till night as if she found resting irksome, and proved strong enough to do the work of a man; so on the third day she was taken on for five hundred cash a month.Everybody called her Xianglins Wife and no one as

24、ked her own name, but since she had been introduced by someone from Wei Village as a neighbour, her surname was presumably also Wei. She said little, only answering briefly when asked a question. Thus it took them a dozen days or so to find out bit by bit that she had a strict mother-in-law at home

25、and a brother-in-law of ten or so, old enough to cut wood. Her husband, who had died that spring, had been a woodcutter too, and had been ten years younger than she was. This little was all they could learn.Time passed quickly. She went on working as hard as ever, not caring what she ate, never spar

26、ing herself. It was generally agreed that the Lu familys maid actually got through more work than a hard-working man. At the end of the year, she swept and mopped the floors, killed the chickens and geese, and sat up to boil the sacrificial meat, all single-handed, so that they did not need to hire

27、extra help. And she for her part was quite contented. Little by little the trace of a smile appeared at the corners of her mouth, while her face became whiter and plumper.找点活 Looking For Work【1】在旧社会，我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭，艺人们大都是拉家带口的，生活困难。 演员们唱完戏还要各自找点儿活干，有人拉排子车，有人卖破烂，卖烟卷儿，当小工，拾烟头是普遍现象。【1】In the old society

28、, pingju players seldom made enough to live on, and so most were saddled with big families their life was hard. Apart from acting they had to find other work. Often they pulled handcarts, sold junk or cigarettes, hired themselves out as coolies, or collected cigarette stubs.【2】下雨或阴天回戏，不响锣就不给钱，是那时的规矩

29、。 腊月二十三封箱，把“祖师爷”请到前台去，后台冷冷清清，演员们就更苦了，要等到年初一开戏了，才能挣到钱。【2】If a performance was cancelled because of bad weather, the rule in those days was: No show, no pay. On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month, when theatres closed and the patron saint of actors was invited to the front stage, leaving the

30、backstage deserted, actors were even worse off, unable to earn any more until the reopening on New Years Day.【3】我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，妈妈是家庭妇女，弟弟妹妹多；家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。真是一个钱撕成八瓣用，心里总想着怎样能够改善家里的困境。 早晨去喊嗓子，我带着一个小篮拾煤核，为了回家取暖。拾煤核也要放聪明点儿，常常换换地方，为的不受那些野男孩子的欺负。那些男孩子是成群结队的拾煤核，我是一个人，怕被他们欺负。我用换地方的办法，躲着他们。他们看见女孩拾煤核就捣乱

31、，揪我的小辫，向我身上扔虫子，吓得我看见他们就躲。【3】My family was hard up, with Father a peddler, Mother a housewife, and so many children to feed. At thirteen, as the eldest child, I acted to help support the family. Each single copper had to be eked out, and I kept racking my brains for ways to improve our difficult cond

32、itions. Each morning when I went out to practice singing in the open air, I took a little basket to scrounge for cinders for our stove. Even when scrounging for cinders you had to have your wits about you and shift from place to place to avoid those mischievous boys who banded together to collect ci

33、nders too. Being all on my own and afraid of being bullied by them, I shifted around to dodge them. Because when they found me scavenging they made trouble, pulling my plait or throwing insects at me, so that the sight of them frightened me away. 【4】腊月二十三灶王爷上天，后台封上戏箱，要等年初一开戏。封箱回戏，等于演员们封嘴，大家可苦了。各自找生活

34、路子，我们女孩子就做点女孩子能做的活。我同几个女孩子去东亚毛纺织厂，分线头、扫地等干点杂活。每天天不亮戴着星星去排队，工厂没开大门就排上老长的队了。工头拿着皮鞭从大门出来，像轰牲口一样轰人，一个挨一个地用粉笔在人们背上写上号码，这个号码就是上工的证明。当这个小工真不容易。经常是排了一早晨队，大门才开；画了不多的号，工头就说：“没号了！没号了！”那种失望心情就别提多难受了！5有一次是夏天，连阴天，连着回戏。我只好去排队找活干。还好，因为去的早，没等多久就画上号了。回家时忽然下了大雨，一路跑回家，我完全想不到，自己被淋，只想着背上面得号，要是被雨淋掉，工就做不成了。我急着把衣服脱下来，大雨像瓢泼一

35、样。我把衣服紧紧抱在怀里，飞快跑回家。回到家里打开一看就高兴了，号码一点也没有被淋湿；可我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡了。【4】On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month the Kitchen God went up to heaven, and the theatre shut down until New years Day. When that happened, actors pay stopped and they were hard put to it. Each had to fend for himself, and we young

36、 actresses did whatever work we could pick up. I went with some other girls to the East Asia Woollen Mill to do odd jobs like unraveling strands of wool or sweeping the floor. We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky. A long queue formed before the mills gate opened. The

37、 foreman came out with a whip, as if herding cattle, and chalked a number on our backs, one by one. That number showed that we were taken on. But such small jobs were really hard to come by. Often, when wed queued up for hours before the gate opened, after chalking a few numbers the foreman would sa

38、y, “Thats all! No more hands needed!” At that we felt too disappointed for words! 5 One summer a spell of bad weather closed down our theatre, and I went to queue up. I was lucky. Because I went early, before long I had a number chalked on my back. By the time we knocked off it was pouring with rain

39、. As I ran home I didnt mind being soaked. I was only worried that if the rain washed off the number on my back I wouldnt be able to go to work the next day. I frantically took off my gown, while it rained cats and dogs. Clutching my gown to my heart I flew home, and there, unfolding it, I was overj

40、oyed to find that the number wasnt washed out, though I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.美国的婚礼Weddings in the United States1美国的国土上居住着各种各样的人，他们的婚礼也千差万别。有热闹庄重的教堂婚礼；有在山顶上举行的婚礼，客人们光着脚陪伴登高；也有在海底举行的婚礼，客人们戴着氧气罐跟着入水。但婚礼无论在哪儿举行或怎样举行，总有某些传统的风俗。 【1】Weddings in the United States vary as much as

41、 the people do. There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare; there are weddings on mountain-tops with guests barefooted; and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests. But many weddings, no matter where or how they are performed, include certain traditio

42、nal customs.在举行婚礼前先要先订婚，然后发放请贴给住在附近的人和好朋友以及远方的亲戚。当一切准备就绪，就该到最激动人心的时刻了。 【2】Before a couple is married, they become engaged. And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby, their close friends and their relatives who live far away. When everything is ready, then comes the most exciting moment.

43、2婚礼本身通常进行20至40分钟。婚礼一行人伴着结婚进行曲进入教堂。新娘手持一束鲜花和她的父亲最后进来，父亲要把她交给新郎。而新郎则要从侧门进入教堂。当婚礼一行人聚集到教堂的祭坛前时，新娘和新郎互相表达誓言。常用的结婚誓言是：“而今而后，不论境遇好坏，家境贫富，生病与否，誓言相亲相爱，至死不分离。”宣誓过后，二人交换戒指。通常把戒指戴在左手无名指上，这是一个古老的风俗。【3】The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes. The wedding party enters the church while the weddi

44、ng march1 is played. The bride carrying a bouquet enters last with her father who will give her away2. The groom enters the church from a side door. When the wedding party is gathered by the altar, the bride and groom exchange vows. It is traditional to use the words To have and to hold from this da

45、y forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death do us part3. Following the vows, the couple exchange rings. Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom. 4礼仪过后，通常会有宴会，叫“喜宴”。宴会给参加婚礼的人一个向新婚夫妇祝贺的机

46、会。【4】After the ceremony there is often a party, called a reception which gives the wedding guests an opportunity to congratulate the newlyweds【5】新郎新娘乘坐汽车离开教堂，汽车上装饰有气球，彩色纸带、刮须膏之类的东西。“新婚燕尔”几个字常写在汽车后的行李箱上或后玻璃窗上。新娘新郎从婚礼客人撒下的雨点般的生大米中跑向汽车。小两口儿开车离开教堂时，朋友们常常开车追赶他们，不停地按喇叭，引他们注意。然后小两口儿就接着去度蜜月了。 【5】The car in

47、which the couple leaves the church is decorated with balloons, streamers and shaving cream. The words Just Married are painted on the trunk or back window. The bride and groom run to the car under a shower of rice4 thrown by the wedding guests. When the couple drives away from the church, friends of

48、ten chase them in cars, honking and drawing attention to them. And then the couple goes on their honeymoon. 五四运动May 4 Movement【1】文化革命是在观念形态上反映政治革命和经济革命，并为它们服务的。在中国，文化革命，和政治革命同样，有一个统一战线。【1】A cultural revolution is the ideological reflection of the political and economic revolution and is in their ser

49、vice. In China there is a united front in the cultural as in the political revolution.【2】这种文化革命的统一战线，二十年来，分为四个时期。第一个时期是一九一九年到一九二一年的两年，第二个时期是一九二一年到一九二七年的六年，第三个时期是一九二七年到一九三七年的十年，第四个时期是一九三七年到现在的三年。【2】The history of the united front in the cultural revolution during the last twenty years can be divided into four periods. The first covers the two years from 1919 to 1921, the second the six years from 1921 to 1927, th