托福写作结构清晰评分标准.doc

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1、托福写作结构清晰评分标准 托福写作的官方评分标准中有一条是结构清晰(well-organized)，很多同学对这条标准存在理解上的偏差，不知道怎样写才能达到这个要求。今天给大家带来了托福写作结构清晰评分标准如何达成,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。托福写作结构清晰评分标准如何达成写作分段落只是基本操作不算结构清晰首先腰围大家明确的一个错误认知是，并非托福写作分了几个段落就能算是结构清晰的。根据官方指南OG中关于organization的说明，通过几个问句提醒同学们一篇完整的*应该要包含几个部分：开头段，主体段和结尾段，并且要分段，结构要清晰。同学们往往对于每部分要写什么毋庸置疑，但在准备的过

2、程中，往往重视形式大过内容。原则上，在不影响主体段发挥的前提下，开头和结尾的方法以及长度随意(OG中介绍了6种开头方法以及5种结尾方法)，保证关键的信息给出即可;但从大部分同学的实际考试情况来看，开头和结尾总倾向于事先准备好的模板句型;相反，最重要的主体段没有留足够的时间和精力。结果往往捡了芝麻丢了西瓜。所以除非能够灵活运用OG介绍的方法，否则建议同学简化开头和结尾。托福官方指南OG结构清晰实例分析我们看一下OG书上的一个开头段例子：The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new

3、holiday for people, cannot be underestimated, as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general cannot be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as

4、presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application.这个开头段的前两句都在强调话题(create a new holiday)的重要性，属于赘述(redundancy)，第三句并没有很直接给出立场，不符合评分标准中的“有效回答问题”。为了获得一个高分，我们需要避免赘述(redundancy)和偏题(digression)。其次OG中有个2分的*，截取每段的第一句话：In the following, I will illustrate my opinion by two reasons

5、.First of all, honest make the trust stronger between friends or colleagues.Secondly, telling a lie always makes things worse not only in work but also in family life.On the contrary, sometimes it is better to tell a lie to others, such as telling a lie to a patient.作者想给出2个理由，从正反论证说实话在人际关系中的重要性。而第三段

6、的on the contrary， 看似是对比论证，然而并非是描述”撒谎的弊端“，所以结构上会引起困惑。写出结构清晰*两个建议分享关于结构清晰，一方面建议大家不要大片背诵模板句式然后进行堆砌。近期的托福考试中写作部分已经有明确要求Do not use memorized examples.如果不能将模板句式巧妙结合所写*熟练混迹在自己的语言表达之下，那么建议踏踏实实审题。另一方面，平时可以结合历年真题，多训练开门见山的思维方式，然后根据不同的话题补充相应的词汇短语等语料表达，不至于无话可说。托福考试作文独立写作范文：孩子过分依赖电子产品Independent TaskNowadays, chi

7、ldren rely too much on the technology, like computers, smartphone, video games for fun and entertainment; playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for the childrens development.写作参考一:For parents, how to well plan their childrens development has been a huge problem. While

8、some children are given more time on technological gadgets, others are more inclined to choose some activities, such as going camping or traveling. For me, the former option would be a better one.Admittedly, playing simpler toys or playing outside might be good choice for children. Simpler toys, nam

9、ely Lego, are a good way to develop childrens thinking on solving the problem through block by block. By assembling the pieces for different blocks, children could assemble an even big piece, such as the classic London Tower Bridge. Also, playing with friends is helpful. When they are playing with o

10、thers, they would cooperate with them to playing sports or even solve problems. However, on balance, both of these ways are limited in helping children. Toys and outdoor activities are restrained to their actual forms: parents need lots of money to buy different toys to help children develop, and th

11、ey pay a great amount of money on helping their children for different activities. For those parents who suffer from financial burden, these are not effective ways for childrens development. Comparatively, technology would be a more effective way for children.Firstly, Internet via computers and smar

12、tphone are essential for their development. In other words, Internet provides students with vast amounts of information. According to a recent survey conducted by Gallup, after polling thousands of students from local high schools, most respondents claim that Internet is the No.1 helper from them to

13、 finish homework. When they have problems, they would search reference on Internet. Websites such as Google Scholar would be a wonderful tool for them to find some papers or academic reference for their homework. Meanwhile, Internet is a wonderful place for them to entertain as well. They could watc

14、h movies on Youku. They could even find interesting stories on sina. All funny experiences are available on Internet without causing children too much money.In addition, video games are also necessary for childrens growth. When children are playing video games, they might learn some strategic thinki

15、ng. For example, when I am playing FIFA 20XX, I have to manage my team members according to their physical strength so that I could beat other teams. For those who run quickly, it would be a good idea for them to play forward; for those who are tall and strong, they would be better playing middle fi

16、eld. Because of this team management strategy, I have achieved many titles in the game. Learning from this, I would allocate my time in finishing homework according to my energy level. When I am energetic, I might choose the most difficult homework; if I am tired, I might choose some easy-to-do task

17、s, which would not cost me much time.To conclude, while playing toys or spending time on outdoor activities is a good way for their development, technology would be better way.写作参考二:2月28日：Nowadays, children rely too much on the technology, like computers, smartphone, video games for fun and entertai

18、nment; playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for the childrens development.Technological advancement has contributed to the invention of a wide range of electronic products and there are an increasing number of children who are reported to rely heavily on the technolog

19、y. Thus, the controversy is raised among the public whether playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends are better for the childrens development. From my perspective, I insist on that depending on high technology is a rather right decision.For one thing, children can learn more about the wo

20、rld and develop a better way of resolving problems. For instance, the upcoming Fourth Industrial Revolution heralds a thorough change of the composition of working force in the society and learning the latest news through computers or smartphones will lead children to be aware of what are needed urg

21、ently and what have been outdated, in this way, they can decide what kinds of capabilities and qualities they should develop for being accustomed to the fast-changing world. Besides, children nowadays have to accomplish diverse curriculums many difficult assignments like writing a paper related to h

22、ow independent war was sparkled or what consequences had been aroused after the assassination of Lincoln. Computers can help resolve the problem more effectively by providing students with abundant references and historic documentation. Additionally, there have been more educational programs spreadi

23、ng through the Internet like TED that is designed to disseminate the most outstanding professors lectures throughout the world to share the greatest ideas with people in every corner of the world. Obviously, relying on the high-tech devices can be of great benefits for children both to resolve the p

24、roblems they might meet during their study and learn more things beyond their textbooks.For another thing, video games have been designed to be more alluring and intellectually demanding. To be more specific, there have occurred many more video games that are invented to exploit childrens imaginatio

25、n and also release their pressure. Take Minecraft, a popular game sweeping many primary and high school students, as an example. In the game, players can use diverse construction materials and tools to construct what they like such as a castle or a skyscraper even a city. Besides, by decorating the

26、entities they created in many different styles, massive intellectual activities are needed like how to design the roof the house and where should put the pets in the city and etc. During the process, students can be fully occupied in the game, serving as an antidote to boredom that will be detriment

27、al to students mental health if it can be erased promptly. Consequently, playing video games is a better choice for students to make to release their pressure and ensure their health.Granted, I have to admit that playing outside with friends is also a better way of releasing pressure like playing sp

28、orts that can help exercise childrens bodies to improve their physical quality. However, children might be injured while joining sports since they are lack of adequate physical exercises usually. However, playing video games will not trigger any possible injuries.In a word, relying on technology is

29、a better choice than playing simple toys or playing outside with friends for childrens development. Learning more out of the classroom, resolving academic problems as well as releasing workloads effectively can all reveal the superiority of relying on technology.托福考试作文独立写作范文：自主阅读和老师布置阅读任务哪个更重要Agree

30、or disagree: students do reading by their own is as important as or more important than the reading teachers assigned.写作范文参考:Reading is a process of procuring knowledge and the ways of reading vary for students between reading on their own and reading as told by their teachers. As for me, it will be

31、 more beneficial to read books in line with students wishes.For one thing, students should read what they are curious about and can find interests in, which can find wide application among college students in particular. In order to hone ones talents and crafts with specific purpose, college student

32、s will find the more practical books to read to strengthen their competence for their future competing with other rivals in the job market. Take Steve Jobs as an example. After attending the college just for a few months, he couldnt figure out how the college life would help him in the future except

33、 for imposing his working family enormous financial pressure.Then, he decided to drop out so he could stop taking the required classes and reading the assigned reading materials that did not interest him and began dropping in on the ones that looked interesting. Finally, the last several months for

34、his college life turned out to be priceless later on since he took a calligraphy class and read the relative books, the knowledge of which had been applied to produce the first computer with beautiful typography. Evidently, part of Steve Jobs accomplishments can prove how essential for students to r

35、ead by following their own curiosity and intuition.For another thing, students can be more absorbed in the books that they like. To be more specific, compared with the assigned papers or articles, students incentive can be more stimulated by reading what they like. For instance, the prevailing notio

36、n of childrens education is that they should develop their own interests by reading what can intrigue their inquisitiveness or stimulate their imagination. Therefore, there is a voice coming out today that more freedom needs to be given to primary school students so that they can read some more inte

37、resting books like the science-fiction novels or tales and etc. Besides, too much focus on cultivating students academic abilities and the ignorance of developing their overall qualities will lead to the development of elites with less morality. Obviously, the benefits of reading books by students t

38、hemselves and the detriment of just reading as assigned by teachers can tell us how important to give students rights to choose what they read.Admittedly, reading what teachers assigned can be of also importance. In other words, teachers will be familiar with which area students should be improved t

39、o achieve better academic performance. For instance, teachers will require students to engage in extensive reading to increase students reading ability. However, it can not be the reason to regard reading as students wish as inferior because students can better improve their reading ability by being absorbed in what they like most.To conclude, students should enjoy the rights to decide what they read.托福写作