尤金奈达及其功能对等理论.ppt
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1、EugeneANida,张帅 王晓林,The Contents of This Presentation,Brief Introduction of Eugene.A.NidaNidas Functional Equivalence Theory 2.1 Conceptions of Functional Equivalence 2.2 Literal Translation and Functional Equivalence 2.3 Four Aspects of Functional Equivalence,The Translation History of Bible,1.Brief
2、 introduction of Eugene.A.Nida,童鞋们,这张看腻了吧?看看下一张怎么样啊(o)/,1.Brief Introduction of Eugene.A.Nida,an American linguist,translation theoristOklahoma,1914Ph.D.degree in linguistics at University of MichiganAmerican Bible Society(ABS),365字幕组出品,版权所有,盗版必究(_),2.Nidas Functional Equivalence Theory,2.1 Concepti
3、ons of Functional Equivalence2.2 Literal Translation and Functional Equivalence2.3 Four Aspects of Functional Equivalence,纳尼?,2.1 Conceptions of Functional Equivalence,First put forward in1964 Emphasis:the functional equivalence of information instead of the direct formal equivalence in translationT
4、he relationship between the target language receptor and the target text should generally be equivalent to that between the source language receptor and the source text,hello,哈喽,没差啦,2.1 Conceptions of Functional Equivalence,奈达理论的核心概念是“功能对等”(即动态对等)。所谓“功能对等”,就是说翻译时不求文字表面的死板对应,而要在两种语言间达成功能上的对等。要求在意义上和风
5、格上都贴近原作。这相当于中国翻译论中的既“达意”又“传神”,与我国的“神似”说不谋而合。简单粗暴版的理解就是:别被禁锢在字字句句里,译得对不对味儿才关键。,Example:,to teach ones grandmother to suck eggs;to teach fish to swim(a)教祖母吸吃鸡蛋;教鱼游泳(direct formal equivalence)(b)班门弄斧;关公面前舞大刀(functional equivalence),Example:,“If I slapped someone hed see the way to Krakow.”Issac Bashevi
6、s Singer:Gimple the FoolThe sentence can be at least put into two versions(a)要是我给谁一巴掌,准会把他扇到克拉科去(b)要是我掴谁一把掌,他就会给打到西天去,OR,2.2 Literal Translation vs.Functional Equivalence,The first person to handle the disputable problem between literal translation and functional equivalence.Errors will arise,if we
7、ignore functional equivalence,only taking literal meaning into consideration.,奈达认为,“意义是最重要的,形式其次”。简单粗暴版的理解:此处所说的功能对等多少有些意译的意味,意思是原文的内涵不依靠每个单词的堆砌,而是隐藏在字里行间,因此一味死抠词义、句法和修辞是不可取的。,2.2 Literal Translation vs.Functional Equivalence,Example:,“你难道没听见人说,嫁鸡随鸡,嫁狗随狗?红楼梦(a)“Surely you know the saying“marry a coc
8、k and follow the cock;marry a dog and follow the dog.”(b)marry a pig and follow the pig,2.3 Four Aspects of Functional Equivalence,Lexical Equivalence(词汇对等),一个词的意义在于它在语言中的用法。在实际翻译中让我们困惑的是怎样在目的语里找到对应的意义。英汉词汇对等包含了字词对等、多词同义、一词多义、词义交织和无对等词语等五种对应情况,其中字词的完全对等主要是专用名和技术词汇。尽管在两种语言之间,没有哪两个词的意义是完全相同的,但语言可以使用不同
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