上海版牛津初中英语9 A chapter4（被动语态）.doc

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1、Language : passive voiceA Active and passive sentencesB Passive sentences that tell us who or what does somethingC Passive verb forms 课标要求掌握的被动语态构成一般现在时：S+am/is /are +done一般过去时：S+was/were +done一般将来时：S+ will+be+ done现在进行时：S+ am/is/are + being + done现在完成时: S+ have/has + been+ done过去进行时: S+ was/were+be

2、ing+ done情态动词S+can/may/must+be+done语态转换时所注意的问题 o 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 Wehaveboughtanewcomputer. Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正确) Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(错误) o 把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in+地点名词作状语。如： Myauntinvitedmetoherdinnerparty. Iwa

3、sinvitedtoherdinnerparty (bymyaunt). Theschoolsetupaspecialclasstohelppoorreaders. Aspecialclasstohelppoorreaderswassetupintheschool. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday. Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： Apre

4、sentwasgiventomeyesterday. 注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如： bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell等。一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for,如： build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing等。 感官动词和使役动词的被动语态see,watch,hear,notice,listento,lookat,make,feel等动词后作宾语

5、补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to的问题。 Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar. Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar. Theearthquakemadetheroadfallontoanotheronebelow. Theroadwasmadetofallontoanotheronebelowbytheearthquake. 由动词+介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉这类动词有： 不及物动词+介词，如:

6、agreeto,askfor,laughat,operatedon,listento,lookafter,thinkof,talkabout等。 及物动词+副词：如：bringabout,carryout,findout,giveup,handin,makeout,passon,pointout,putaway,putoff,thinkover,turndown,workout,turnout等。例句The baby should be looked after well. Thesportsmeetwillbeputoff 练习1.The young man was often seen _

7、 by the lake. A. to draw B. to drawing C. draw D. drew2. I believe that these mountains _ with trees in a few years time. A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover 3. After the heros story _ on CCTV, many people are learning from him. A. reports B. reported C. was reporting D.

8、was reported4. Mr. Johnsons story _ by everyone who heard it. A. laughed at B. was laughed C. laughed D. was laughed at5. - How beautiful our hometown is! - Yes, trees and flowers _everywhere. A. can be seen B. can see C. be seen D. cant see6. Personal computers _ in 1976. It has changed the whole w

9、orld. A. have been invented B. are invented C. were invented D. invented 7. - I want to be a doctor. - Doctors _ greatly in every part of the world , I think. A. need B. are needed C. are needing D. will need待添加的隐藏文字内容18. The village is building a school. I hope it _ before August this year. A. finishes B. will finish C. is finished D. will be finished9. I know she wont come to join us unless she _ to. A. tells B. has told C. is told D. was told10. Can you tell me whom the play _ in 1998? A. was written by B. was written C. is written by D. is written