The construction project cost control毕业论文英文文献.doc

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1、The construction project cost controlAbstract :Project a corporate image window and effectiveness of the source. With increasingly fierce market competition, the quality of work and the construction of civilizations rising material prices fluctuations. uncertainties and other factors, make the proje

2、ct operational in a relatively tough environment. So the cost of control is through the building of the project since the bidding phase of acceptance until the completion of the entire process, It is a comprehensive enterprise cost management an important part, we must organize and control measures

3、in height to the attention with a view to improving the economic efficiency of enterprises to achieve the purpose. Key words : construction program ; projects cost The construction project cost control, the cost of the project refers to the cost and process of formation occurred, on the production a

4、nd operation of the amount of human resources, material resources and expenses, guidance, supervision, regulation and restrictions, in a timely manner to prevent, detect and correct errors in order to control costs in all project costs within the intended target. to guarantee the production and oper

5、ation of enterprises benefits. 1.the cost of the construction enterprise principles of construction enterprises control The cost of control is based on cost control of construction project for the center, Construction of the project cost control principle is the enterprise cost management infrastruc

6、ture and the core, Construction Project Manager in the Ministry of Construction of the project cost control process, we must adhere to the following basic principles. 1.1 Principles lowest cost. Construction of the project cost control, the basic purpose is to cost management through various means,

7、promote construction projects continue to reduce costs, to achieve the lowest possible cost of the objective requirements. The implementation of the principle of minimum cost, attention should be given to the possibility of reducing costs and reasonable cost of the minimum. While various mining capa

8、city to reduce costs so that possibility into reality; The other must proceed from actual conditions, enacted subjective efforts could achieve a reasonable level of the minimum cost. 1.2 Overall cost control principles. Cost Management is a comprehensive enterprise-wide, and full management of the e

9、ntire process, also known as the three of management. The full project cost control is a system of substantive content, including the departments, the responsibility for the network and team economic accounting, and so on, to prevent the cost control is everybodys responsibility, regardless of every

10、one. Project cost of the entire process control requirements to control its costs with the progress of construction projects in various stages of continuous, neither overlooked nor time when, should enable construction projects throughout costs under effective control. 1.3 Dynamic Control principle.

11、 Construction of the project is a one-time, cost control should emphasize control of the project in the middle, that is, dynamic control. Construction preparation stage because the cost is under the control of construction design to determine the specific content of the cost, prepare cost plans, the

12、 development of a cost-control program for the future cost control ready. And the completion of phase cost control, as a result of cost financing has been basically a foregone conclusion, even if the deviation has been too late to rectify. 1.4 Principle of management by objectives. Management object

13、ives include : setting goals and decomposition, the goal of responsibility and implementation of the aims of the inspection results of the implementation, evaluation of the goals and objectives that form the management objectives of the planning, implementation, inspection, processing cycle, PDCA. 1

14、.5 Responsibility, authority, in light of the profit principle. Construction of the project, project manager of the department, the team shouldering the responsibility for cost control at the same time, enjoy the power of cost control, project manager for the department, Teams cost control in the pe

15、rformance of regular examination and appraisal of implementation of a crossword punishment. Only to do a good job duties, rights, and interests combining cost control, in order to achieve the desired results. 2.The construction cost control measures cost control measures. Reduce the cost of construc

16、tion projects means, we should not only increase revenue is also reducing expenditure, or both also increase savings. Cutting expenditure is not only revenue, or revenue not only to cut expenditure, it is impossible to achieve the aim of reducing costs, at least there is no ideal lower cost effectiv

17、e. Project Manager of the project cost management responsibility for the first, comprehensive organization of the project cost management, timely understand and analyze profit and loss situation and take prompt and effective measures; engineering technology department should ensure the quality, Regu

18、lar tasks to complete as much as possible under the premise adopt advanced technology in order to reduce costs; Ministry of Economic Affairs should strengthen budget management contract, the project to create the budget revenue; Finance Ministry in charge of the projects financial, Analysis of the p

19、roject should keep the financial accounts of reasonable scheduling of funds. Develop advanced economies reasonable construction program, which can shorten the period, and improve quality, reduce costs purpose; paid attention to quality control to eliminate redone, shorten the acceptance and reduce e

20、xpenses; control labor costs, material costs, Machinery and other indirect costs. With the construction market competition intensifies, more and the price low, the scene increasingly high management fees. This requires project managers to more scientific and more rigorous management approach to the

21、management of the project. As a management departments should be a reasonable analysis of regional economic disparities, to prevent the input across the board. From the foregoing analysis, project management and cost control are complementary, it is only by strengthening project management, can cont

22、rol project costs; only achieve cost control project aims to strengthen the management of construction project can be meaningful. Construction of the project cost control of construction reflects the nature of project management features, and represents construction project management at the core. C

23、onstruction of the project cost control of construction project management performance evaluation of the objectivity and fairness of the scale. 3.strengthen project cost control practical significance 3.1 Strengthen project cost control railway construction enterprises out of their predicament, the

24、need to increase revenue. At present, the railway construction enterprises just into the market, to participate in market competition, will face a tough test of the market. Now the construction market liberalization, implement bidding system, and the strike has very low weight, To create efficiency

25、is the only way to strengthen internal management and improve their internal conditions, internal efficiency potentials. Therefore, the strengthening of project cost control is a very realistic way. 3.2 Strengthening Project Cost control is adapt to the market competition, and strengthening internal

26、 management to the needs of their work. With the railway enterprises rapid development, construction increasingly fierce market competition. For a period of time, the railway construction enterprises will face the increasingly fierce market challenges Construction of the business environment difficu

27、lt to be improved. Efficiency increases, effective cost control and claims will be strengthened in the future management focus. This requires the railway construction enterprises should respect the unity of the work to reduce costs and enhance efficiency objectives. In accordance with the requiremen

28、ts of the market economy research, adjustment and improve the management system, to further strengthen the management of infrastructure, enterprise management from the physical management to value management, thus enabling cost management into enterprise management centers. 4.The ways of constructio

29、n project cost control There are many ways in construction cost control , this highlights deviation analysis. Deviation refers to the actual value of the construction costs with the planned value of the difference. Deviation analysis available Bar Graph method, the form, method. (1) Bar Graph method

30、 is different Transverse-Line marking the completion of the project has been the construction costs, End to construction projects have been completed and cost (the cost-effective construction, Transverse-Line length is proportional to the amount of their cases). Bar Graph with image, audio-visual, v

31、ery clear advantages, It can accurately express construction cost deviations, but one can feel the gravity of deviation. However, this method of information below. (2) Form method is error - Analysis of the most commonly used method, it will project code name, Construction of the cost parameters and

32、 construction cost deviation integrated into the number one form, and in the form of direct comparison. As the deviations are shown in the table. Construction costs makes integrated managers to understand and deal with these data. flexible, applicability; informative; forms can be handled by compute

33、r, thus saving a large amount of data to deal with the human, and greatly improve speed. (3) curve is a total construction cost curve (S OK curve) for the partial construction costs A differential analysis methods. a figure which indicated the actual value of the construction cost curve, p. construc

34、tion cost of the scheme said the value curve, The curve between two vertical distance between construction cost deviation. The method used is the same image analysis, and visual characteristics, But this is very difficult to direct for quantitative analysis of quantitative analysis can play a role.

35、5、Currently construction enterprise project cost control analysis of the current project cost 5.1 Problems and the causes of the current project implementation After the restructuring projects implemented five responsibility for the costs, 100 of responsibility for the content of the output value of

36、 wages and contracting indicators Kau various forms of economic management contract responsibility system. Construction projects in the Ministry of Production and quality aspects of the rapid progress. But beyond doubt is just working, regardless of the mode of production accounts still exist. Some

37、only production tasks are completed, the cost of a weak awareness cost management as dispensable. In the past two years the Department of grasping items complain, enterprise project appraisal of the indicators, all focus on the production tasks to complete, objective, fueled by such acts. Specific i

38、ndications : 1. In the use of labor, not by post, according to the actual needs staffing, they can complete the work for three, can be used for low-cost trades and the use of subjects of labor costs. To take care of relations, sensibilities and TWA also retained his spare time. workers can be indiff

39、erent to the production and operation, but the monthly wages, allowances, bonuses can spend less. artificially expand the expenditure of funds. 2, Material management, can be simplified to what extent on what is the level of simplification, operational staff only to facilitate easy and timely withdr

40、awal credit card, and some kind of engineering materials and book a difference to thousands of dollars, tens of thousands or even hundreds of some of its few. Consuming the works, the procedure is incomplete. not fixed by the material. placing arbitrary site materials, engineering materials stolen h

41、ave occurred from time to time; Consuming accessories not review, bad on the other, very few people to repair; fill empty fuel consumption result was secretly putting the oil sold. 3,Construction machinery efficiency is not high (example : Monthly leasing machinery and equipment), less to him, usual

42、ly poor maintenance. With mechanical equipment failure analysis is not objective and subjective reasons, not to pursue the responsibility of the parties, have bad information on the exchange, no other information on. TWA did not undergo a rigorous examination on the induction training mechanical dam

43、age to the non-normal, impact of the construction progress. In summary, the current project of cost management, accounting only after the accounting, rather than advance the prevention and control things. The reasons are : lack of cost awareness. simply that the cost of management is the financial s

44、ector or the superior leadership, have nothing to do with them. only focused on the production tasks are completed and contracting profit and loss, the groups have a negative effect. Therefore, project to mobilize the full participation of the Ministry of cost control, deepening of the project cost

45、management imperative. 5.2 Project Department analysis of the reasons for the losses As a project of building products Commodities direct producers, both under the contract and construction drawings, self-regulating organizations of the construction authority, Construction of that arrangement, the d

46、eployment of personnel, materials, equipment parts procurement, custody, use, consumption, safety, Quality of management with a measure of autonomy; but also by contracting, design, Enterprises and other projects related to the construction of the units affected and constrained. In addition, geologi

47、cal and climate changes, Design changes, but on objective factors of the construction projects have a significant impact, and all of the above factors will affect the cost of project expenditures. 1.Subjective reasons lost control of the cost The so-called subjective reasons, refer to the project, c

48、an not dispose of any external influence on the control of the costs, As mentioned above the project with the Ministry of Construction for the autonomy of the cost. mainly include the following aspects : No strict cost control of the overall goal or no cost control goals. Most of the loss items Depa

49、rtment head, there is no cost control goals. Although some but not strictly enforced, thus the cost of the project is out of control. Materials, spare parts planning, procurement, inspection, custody, out of the reservoir, consumption of the system is not sound. the loss of the item, the purchase of materials and accessories unplanned phenomenon abound. procu