写作-观点要明确ppt课件.ppt

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3、成才路,状元成才路,学习目标,1.理解写作中观点明确的意义与基本要求。2.掌握概括并明确表达自己观点的方法与技巧。3.在生活实践中，训练自己的概括能力与口头表达能力，力求简洁凝练。,文体展示,一、好奇，指的是对未知发生兴趣，感到新奇。有人对宇宙的奥秘感到好奇，于是着迷地仰望天空。观察探究；有人对“小人国”的故事感到好奇，于是反复阅读格列佛游记；有人对周围事物的变化感到好奇，于是去追寻这变化的原因,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

4、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

5、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,好奇，会促使你发现未知的精彩，会让你的生活更加丰富多彩。阅读下面论及“好奇”的语句，从表达观点是否清楚的角度进行判断、评价，然后选定其中的一个观点，列出你的作文提纲。,好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步。好

6、奇，有时被毁灭在所谓规范统一、无个性差异的教育之中。,好奇，有健康与不健康、有价值与无价值之分，还有年龄的差异、性别的差异，当然这些区分和差异不太明显。好奇，是一种良好的心理状态，引人探究复杂的未知领域，但也会在探究过程中因太执着而迷失自我。,二、在第一题的基础上，写一篇议论性文字。三、青少年应该如何对待时下流行的各种电子游戏？大家认识不一。对此，你有什么看法？自拟题目，写一篇议论性文章。不少于600字。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

7、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

8、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,写作要求,题一:1.上述语句，有的强调好奇的价值，有的审视好奇心的被毁灭，还有的辩证分析好奇的正反面。理解语句的含义，从中选出你有感触、有话可说的一句话作为自己的观点。2.围绕观点列出提纲，

9、提纲要体现出你的论证思路。,题二:1.根据提纲展开写，并适时调整，注意作文思路要清晰、有层次。2.对选用的材料要进行具体分析，使之能够支持你的观点。,题三:1.深入思考，确定自己的观点，然后用简洁的语言明确地表达出来。2.围绕观点展开论述，注意选取适当的材料支持自己的观点。3.联系自己的生活体会和当前现实来谈，力争做到有理有据。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

10、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

11、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,所谓观点明确，指的是作者要在文章中明白地表示肯定什么、否定什么，赞成什么、反对什么。文中表述观点的句子必须简明、确切，不能含糊其辞。模棱两可。当然，前提是观点要正确，也就是要合乎实际、合情合理。,技法点拨,.深入分析，切中要害 要做到观点鲜明，首先，就要在行文之前对所

12、给题目、话题或材料进行深入分析，要透过现象看本质；然后，再思考别人对此会有哪些看法，他们的观点有何异同等；最后，再提出自己的观点，观点应尽可能独特、新颖，独树一帜。,2.严密构思，中心突出 除了做到观点鲜明，还要科学地构筑文章的结构，在行文过程中切切实实地做到围绕自己的中心论点展开分析。不管是采用并列式结构、层进式结构，还是采用对照式结构，都要围绕中心论点来展开，不能偏离。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

13、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

14、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.恰当点染，合理重复 要做到观点鲜明，还要掌握恰如其分的点染技巧。如在开头段提出中心论点，在中间每段的开头或者结尾点染观点，在文章的末尾再次总结或重申观点等，还可以直接将中心论点作为文章的题目。,4.表达清晰，简明扼要

15、要做到观点鲜明，清晰地表达也很重要，因此应该努力做到用语恰当，扼要简明。一般情况，最好能用一个简练的句子直接表达自己的观点，并把它放在开头、结尾等比较重要的位置，以使读者容易把握。,题一：好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步,范文引路,(1)好奇心的重要性。（略）(2)列举牛顿发现万有引力的事例，论证“好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步”的观点。(详)(3)发出号召，我们应该拥有强烈的好奇心。(略),状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

16、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

17、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,名师总评：提纲简洁明了，思路清晰，有详有略，便于正式作文时把控布局。,题二:好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步,事实证明，好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步。牛顿曾经说过：真理世界就像一片汪洋的大海，而我只是一个好奇的孩子

18、，偶尔拾起一两块美丽的贝壳。,开门见山，提出观点：好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步。观点鲜明。,引用名言、名人事例，论据充分。,这是多么谦逊的话，一个创立了经典力学和微积分的伟大科学家，岂止是一个好奇的孩子，而他的伟大的成就又岂止是一两块美丽的贝壳。不，当然不是！我们在感叹牛顿伟大成就的时候，是否还记得那个故事，即牛顿被苹果砸到的故事，且不管故事是否真实，我都想说，牛顿之所以发现真理，正是因这份强烈的好奇心。牛顿的好奇心，使牛顿创造,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

19、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

20、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,了巨大的成就。生活在现代化社会中的我们周围，也依然有许多尚未解开的谜团，期待着像牛顿那样的人去一一解开，而作为新时代的青少年的我们，应该常常保持一颗好奇心，努力追求事

21、物的本质，探究科学的真相。,针对现实生活，提出号召。,名师总评：本文开门见山地提出“好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步”这一观点，观点鲜明；接着引用牛顿关于“好奇”这一话题的名言，并以牛顿对被苹果砸到进而发现万有引力的事例为事实论据，具体论证“好奇，往往是发现真理的第一步”的观点，使观点得以充分地论证。最后号召大家保持好奇心。文章虽是一篇不足400字的短文，但是观点鲜明，论证充分，结构完整。,题三：沉迷电子游戏危害多,我认为，毫无节制地沉迷于电子游戏的激烈氛围中，对正在发育的学生们会造成诸多的身心危害。我们应该拒绝沉迷于电子游戏。沉迷电子游戏会影响学生的发育和健康。,提出分论点一，并列举典型事例进行

22、论证。,开门见山，提出观点。,专家认为，电子游戏多有一些激烈惊险的动作场面，需要眼、脑、手的高度紧张配合以及大脑和各级神经的迅速感觉、分析、判断、反应。这种高度的精神紧张状态，会导致神经精神活动障碍而引起头痛烦躁、眩晕、嗜睡、精神恍惚等症状。据报道，一名13岁中学生从家里偷出300元钱，在网吧连续玩游4天4夜，由于网络游戏的激烈刺激，,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

23、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

24、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,他血压升高，心跳加速，又加上大脑过度疲劳，最后不幸猝死网吧。所以，沉迷电子游戏对于学生的发育与健康的危害是巨大的。沉迷电子游戏还会损害学生视力。电子屏幕上的色彩往往会高速闪现和变换，眼睛长时间且近距离地盯在闪烁、,提出分论点二，科学分析，并列举事例。,跳跃的荧光

25、上，就会使眼睛的睫状肌、晶状体处于高度紧张和超负荷运转状态，从而产生非特异性的炎症，引发眼睛发干、眼痛、畏光、眼球胀痛、充血等症状，严重的甚至引起恶心、呕吐等中枢神经方面的反应。久而久之，眼睛的屈光度改变，视力就会下降。此外，眼睛一直注视在屏幕上，会大量消耗眼睛视网膜细胞中的视紫质感光色素和维生素，也可能引起视力减退。,所以经常玩游戏机的学生易患上近视、夜盲症等。2017年7月14日，某市的一个15岁的青年因上网成瘾，整天沉迷于网络游戏，导致视网膜永久性脱落而失明。这样的教训可以说是十分惨痛的。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

26、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

27、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,所以，我认为，毫无节制地沉迷于电子游戏的激烈氛围中，对正在发育的学生们一定会造成很大的危害。对于电

28、子游戏，我们应该拒绝沉迷。,强调观点，发出号召。,名师总评：本文最大的亮点在于结构清晰，观点鲜明，如本文开头第一段就提出自己的观点：毫无节制地沉迷于游戏机的激烈氛围中，对正在发育的学生们会造成诸多的身心危害。其中“我认为”一词，旗帜鲜明地表达了自己的主张；接着，作者在第二段和第三段的开头，分别提出了“沉迷电子游戏的危害会影响学生的发育和健康”“沉迷电子游戏还会损害学生视力”两个分论点，并展开论证，使观点得以进一步明确。,中考真题,(2017湖南娄底)阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于600字的文章。,甲乙两人相约上山采石，甲背了满满一筐，乙筐里只有一块。甲笑乙：“你为什么只挑一块啊？”乙说：

29、“漂亮的石头虽多，我只选最精美的一块就够了。”甲笑而不语。下山路上，甲负担越来越重，只得不断从筐中挑最差的扔下，下山的时候，他的筐里只剩一块石头！,根据上面这则材料，结合自己的感受和思考，选好角度，确定立意，自拟题目，自定文体；不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭；文中不得出现有可能泄露考生信息的真实人名、校名、地名。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

30、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

31、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,【真题解说】解读上述材料的内容，可以从以下角度审题立意：（1）从乙的角度看，一定条件下的放弃即是获得，联系生活实际，则可以从“学会适度地拒绝”这个切入点进行深度的挖掘，也可以从话题的侧面或者反面切入，围绕“不善于割舍的危害”进行选材；（2）从甲的角度看，人生应用

32、正确的标准、智慧的眼光才能作出准确的选择，所以我们也可以围绕“选择”进行构思。,总之，不论选择哪个角度，一定要先确定文章的立意，然后紧紧围绕这个立意明确文章的中心观点，表明自己的态度。论述过程必须紧扣中心观点，切忌因面面俱到而使次要观点喧宾夺主。在具体的表述中，应做到简洁有力，这样才能明确清晰地表达出自己的观点。,声 明 本文件仅用于个人学习、研究或欣赏，以及其他非商业性或非盈利性用途，但同时应遵守著作权法及其他相关法律的规定，不得侵犯本司及相关权利人的合法权利。除此以外，将本文件任何内容用于其他用途时，应获得授权，如发现未经授权用于商业或盈利用途将追加侵权者的法律责任。武汉天成贵龙文化传播有限公司湖北山河律师事务所,