大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 UNIT 103.doc
《大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 UNIT 103.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 UNIT 103.doc(11页珍藏版)》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、大学英语自学教程(上册) 笔记 Unit 10-3The 13th lecture of College English one: A. Intensive reading Text B: 1. please look at the second paragraph on page 275. Ill read and then Ill translate it, especially pay attention to those phrases。 译:首先要认识问题。只有问题找对了,才能得出正确的答案。解决问题始于透彻的理解。问题的出现有各种情况。它们有时产生于偶然的观察,有时可能出自于阅读、
2、实验或仅仅思考,也有可能来于新的发展或人类新的不同的需求。例如:今天,许多问题产生于核物理、生物工程和微电子领域的新发现。工业的发展也已经带来了大量的必须被解决的问题。 短语:first of all首先;only if除非;grow out of=arise from产生于;result from产生于;bring about导致;large number of大量的 2. Sometimes it will suggest areas that are in need of further study.(5段) 译:有时未回答的问题会显示需要进一步研究的领域。 注意在这句话中suggest
3、不是“建议”而是“暗示,显示”,因此不用虚拟语气。 a.He suggested that we leave the country at once.(虚拟语气) b.His face suggested that he was angry.(非虚拟语气) 短语: in need of sth需要 3. Should the observation or predictions turn out to be as expected, the scientist has added confidence in the probable truth of his hypothesis. (8段)
4、译:如果所观察到的或预测结果正如所料,科学家对他假说的可靠性就增加了信心。 通过翻译我们会发现这句话包含有一个虚拟语气,并且省略了if,进行了倒装。原句应是: If the observation or predictions should turn out to be as expected, the scientist has added confidence in the probable truth of his hypothesis.但请大家注意此时主句用了陈述语气,属于非正式用法。 短语:turn out 结果是 He turned out to be a cheat. 4. Ex
5、periments have to be made under carefully controlled conditions.(*) 译:实验必须在严格控制的条件下进行。 考点:under carefully controlled conditions. B. Important phrases: 1.first of all(2段1行); 2. only if(2段2行); 3.grow out of/arise from(2段4/8行); 4.result from(2段5行); 5.bring about(2段10行); 6.large number of(2段10行); 7.buil
6、d a firm foundation(4段5行); 8.in need of sth(5段5行); 9.build up(6段1行); 10.turn out to be(8段1行); 11.give up(8段4行); 12.check with(9段1行); 13.a variety of sth(2段3行); 14.carry out(7段2行) C. Grammar knowledge: Non-finite Verbs (2) Gerund and participles:(动名词和分词) . Gerund: 动名词是三种非谓语动词的一种。由动词原形加ing构成。具有某些动词的特点
7、,在句中起名词的作用,由此得名动名词。它可以有自己的宾语和状语,这是动词的特点;在句中担任主语、表语、宾语,及定语,这属于名词的特点。 a.Learning English very well is not easy.(主语) b.His job is teaching computer at college.(表语) c.I enjoy sleeping.(动宾) d.She is thinking of finding another better job.(介宾) e.Take some sleeping pills, and you will fall asleep.(定语) 动名词也
8、可根据需要在前面加上物主代词或名词所有格来表示它的逻辑主语。 a.Marys being late again made me very angry. b.Do you mind my/me opening the door? 1.动名词作主语: a.Seeing is believing. b.Talking too much is no use. 注意:用动名词作主语,有时也可用it作形式主语。如上面的第二句可改为: Its no use talking too much. 常用的句型有:Its no use doing sth; its no good doing sth a.Its n
9、o use crying over spilt milk. b.Its no good eating so many ice creams. 2.动名词作表语:一般表示比较抽象的习惯性的动作,这时表语和主语常可互换。 a.What he likes best is making jokes. b.Making jokes is what he likes best. 3.动名词作宾语:既可作动词宾语,也可作介词的宾语。有些动词后面必须用动名词,请记住下列常考动词:admit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, deny, mind, practice, risk,
10、 suggest, postpone, miss, cant help, put off, give up, keep on etc. a.She denied stealing her money. b.I tried my best to avoid meeting him in the street. c.Youd better put off having the meeting because of SARS. d.If you want to make great progress, you must practice speaking every day. e.I am cons
11、idering doing it again. 动名词常跟在一些固定的词组后面,如: insist on, look forward to, be used to, succeed in, be interested in, be engaged in, depend on, be busy doing, stick to, devote to, etc 注意:有些动词后面既可用不定式作宾语也可用动名词作宾语,且差别不大,如:continue, begin start, prefer etc. a.I prefer making a plan before I go over my lesso
12、ns. b.I prefer to make a plan before I go over my lessons 但有些动词区别却很大,如:remember, forget, regret, go on, try, etc.(*) a.I remember giving money to him. (表示give这个动作已在remember 前发生过了。) b.I remember to give money to him. (表示give这个动作还未在remember 前发生。) c.I regret accepting your advice. d.I regret to tell yo
13、u that I wont accept your advice. e.They went on talking about it. f.They went on to talk about it. g.They stopped talking. h.They stopped to talk. 4.动名词作定语:一般表示所修饰词的用途,如:drinking water, writing desk, reading room, etc. 5.动名词的否定式:not + 动名词 Im sorry not getting there on time. 6.动名词的时态和语态: 1.一般时表示一般性的
14、动作,发生的时间不明确。而完成时表示动作在谓语动词之前发生。 a.I am looking forward to seeing you soon. b.Thank you for having helped me so much. 2.当动名词逻辑上的主语是它所表示的动作的对象时,要用它的被动语态。 a.He insisted on being sent to hospital. b.He insisted on sending her to hospital. 3.当句子谓语是want, need, require, deserve时,常用动名词的主动形式表被动含义。 a.The radio
15、 needs repairing. (= The radio needs to be repaired.) b.The babies require examining. (= The babies require to be examined.) 4.主语 + be worth doing / 主语 +be worthy + to be done/of being done. a.The book is worth reading. b.The book is worthy to be read. c.The book is worthy of being read. .participle
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 大学英语自学教程上册 笔记 UNIT 103 大学 英语 自学 教程 上册
链接地址:https://www.31ppt.com/p-2328655.html