免费学英语的好网站12月大学英语四级写作提高笔.doc
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1、2010年12月大学英语四级写作提高笔记51. 某些分隔结构1) 动词短语相关部分被分隔(当make use of ，take notice of，pay attention to，等动词短语变成被动语态时)。Use is made of solar energy in heating houses.2)双重定语引起的分隔。But there is of culture another view, in which not solely the scientific passion, the sheer desire to see things as they are, natural and
2、 proper in an intelligent being, appears as the ground of it.52. to be doingwhen是一个句型，多译为某人正在做时，突然。在简单的句子中容易看出，一旦句子变得复杂一些，可能就不太容易识别这种句型。She said she and a friend had gone out to dinner that night, and were walking home together at about 10 oclock, when a very big, very tall man, accosted them and de
3、manded their purses.53. tooto句型Then I remembered how often I, too, had been indifferent to the grandeur of each day, too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.54. so much that句型But he developed gradually a very musical English. He learnt to writ
4、e sentences that fall away on the ear with a misty languor and it delighted him so much that he could never have enough of it.55. when引导状语从句有时并不好译，不能一看到when从句就考虑译为当的时候，它还有许多种译法。Anything is better than not to write clearly. There is nothing to be said against lucidity, and against simplicity only the
5、 possibility of dryness. This is a risk that is well worth taking when you reflect how much better it is to be bold than to wear a curly wig.56. notbecause，有时可否定前面，有时可否定because本身，往往出现歧义。应根据上下文面判定。In 1600 the earth was not the center of the universe because the majority then supposed it was; nor, bec
6、ause she had more readers, was Ella wheeler Wilcox a better poet than Father Hopkins.57. sothat, suchthat是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。The truth is, that in one point of view, this matter of national literature has come to such a pass with us, thal ever be ours.58. by doing结构。这个结构的意思是通过(做)，但翻译实践中不能拘泥
7、于这种释义，不少情况下需要灵活变通。The hippos, by depositing dung in the water, fed the fish that support the storks that destroy the rare trees.59. 下面例句为一倒装句，主语很长，而且又含有非常复杂的句型。这是以形容词作表语的倒装，翻译实践中多把倒装部分译到最前面。No less obvious is the fact there are great numbers of people so constituted or so brought up that they cannot
8、 get so much pleasure out of processes and experiences resulting in a poorer life less full of meaning.60. whatof句型I can not say of myself what Johnson said of Pope: He never passed a fault unamended by indifference, nor quitted it by despair. I do not write as I do; I write as I can.61. 英语的一个习惯用法是：
9、当否定谓语think(believe)时，实际上是否定其后面的宾语从句。否定就落在宾语从句上。这样宾语从句就变成了双重否定，译时可以按双重否定译，也可按肯定来译。It is a valuable work. I do not think anyone writes so well that he cannot learn much from it.62. to have not(as) to see中的不定式也有否定意味。He had not the good breeding to see that simplicity and naturalness are the truest mark
10、s of distinction.63. It occurred to sb. that意为突然想到，It dawned on sb.that.突然想起等。 从句是想起的内容。I remember once being on a bus and looking at a stranger. He suddenly looked back at me-i.e.our eyes met. My instinctive reaction was to avert my gaze. It occurred to me that if I had continued to maintain eye co
11、ntact, I would have been rude and aggressive.64. It follows that=It happens as a result常常被译为由此可见，因此，从前，可以推断等等。It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have com
12、pletely ceased to exist.65. thats all there is to it，意思是也不过如此而已。可根据上下文视情况处理。If Im touched, Im touched-thats all there is to it.66. The chances are that是一句型，译为有可能。The chances are you will never attempt that speed with poetry or want to race though some passages in fiction over which you wish to linge
13、r.67. Feel, see, leave引起宾语的宾语补足语，或在被动语态中引起主语补足语的某些惯用句型，有时see和feel这两个词的被动式不大好译。遇到这种情况应挖掘其深层含义，不要拘泥于表面形式。The education of the young is seen to be of primary importance.68. 某此以no, nowhere, never, notbout, notany, nothing but, hardly, scarcely, seldom等否定词语引出的一些结构。I never go past the theatre but I think
14、of his last performance.69. 某些用choice between, to know better, whether or, should have avoided(或done better)等表示从两种做法中选取一种更好的做法Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology
15、to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of libing.70. 某些省略情况，应清单确认省略的内容。The country had grown rich, its commerce was large, and wealth did its natural work in making life softer and more worldly, commerce in deprovincializing the minds of those eng
16、aged in it.71. 修饰成分(包括定语、定语从句、同位语从句等)多而长。Across the court from the Manhattan apartment that I have occupied for the past few years is a dog that often hurls insults into the darkness, a few of which my dog refuses to accept and makes a tart reply.72. 一些外位语，所谓外位修饰，指从句子结构和内容上不起主要信息表达功能的部分。其作用是从语气和连接上下
17、文等方面进行补充。在翻译成汉语时，往往可独立成句，外形上不保留修饰的痕迹。Of course, nobody was hurt this time, because we had all been to dinner, none of us being novices excepting Hastings; and he having been informed by the minister at the time that he invited him that in deference to the English custom the had not provided any dinn
18、er.一、 the + est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.张老师是我曾经遇到最
19、仁慈的教师。二、Nothing is + er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。三、 cannot emphasize the importance of too much.(再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过。) 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。四、Th
20、ere is no denying that + S + V .(不可否认的.)例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子 (全世界都知道.)例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。六、There is no dou
21、bt that + 句子 (毫无疑问的.)例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。七、An advantage of is that + 句子 (.的优点是.)例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create (produce) any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。八、The reason why + 句子 is that + 句
22、子 (.的原因是.)例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 (如此.以致于.)例句：So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍
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