Study on Culture and Translation of English and Chinese idioms from the Perspective of从合作原则角度看英汉习语文化与翻译.doc
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1、Study on Culture and Translation of English and Chinese idioms from the Perspective of Cooperative Principle从合作原则角度看英汉习语文化与翻译 ABSTRACTWith the growing of economic globalization, the world is more connected with cultural exchanges increased all over the world. People are eager to learn new things fro
2、m foreign countries. However, People can communicate with others in an effective way by spoken or written the same language. As idioms are important as component parts of languages, it become more important in language study. Therefore, there are many differences between China and English-speaking c
3、ountries in cultural background, customs, geography , style of language, religions belief and so on. Research of Cultural and Translation between English and Chinese is particularly important. This paper is devoted to make a study of English and Chinese cultural differences and idioms translation th
4、rough the cooperative principles, in order to understand English and Chinese culture better, and this study may be benefit to translation of English and Chinese idioms.。摘 要随着经济全球化的发展,各国间的联系日益加深,文化间的交流也日益紧密。人们开始迫切地想要了解国外的一切新奇的事物,作为人们彼此了解交往最直接最有效的手段当然非语言莫属,而习语作为语言中的一个重要组成部分,自然成为语言研究的一个要点。由于各国间文化背景、生活习
5、俗、地理环境、语言风格、宗教信仰等不尽相同,英汉习语文化对比与翻译的相关研究就显得尤为重要了。本文试图借助语用学合作原则的相关理论,对英汉习语的文化差异与翻译作一些探索,以期能更好地理解英汉习语文化,更贴切地进行英汉习语的翻译。Key words: Idiom, translation, cooperative principles关键词: 英汉习语, 翻译, 合作原则 CONTENTSIntroduction.11.Concept of Language and Culture.21.1 The Definition of Grices Cooperative Principle.21.2
6、The Definition of Language.31.3 The Definition of Culture.31.4 Interactive Relationship of Language and Culture.41.5 Divergences of Language and Culture 42.Culture of English and Chinese idioms.62.1. Idioms and Culture. .62.2 The Fundamental Features of English and Chinese Idioms.62.2.1 National Cha
7、racteristics.62.2.2 Different Geographical Conditions62.2.3 Different Historical Backgrounds.72.2.4 Different Cultural Heritages.72.2.5 Different Religious Beliefs.82.2.6 Different Social Customs83.Translation of English and Chinese idioms with the Cooperative Principle.103.1 Translation of English
8、and Chinese idioms with the Quality Maxim.103.2 Translation of English and Chinese idioms with the Quantity Maxim.103.3 Translation of English and Chinese idioms with the Relation Maxim.113.4 Translation of English and Chinese idioms with the Manner Maxim.11Conclusion.13References .14IntroductionAs
9、the world is more connected with cultural exchanges increased all over the world. people are eager to learn new things from foreign countries. However, to communicate with others the first thing we should learn is language. Idioms is one important part of language, and learn the idioms may be benefi
10、t to the study of language. Therefore, there are many differences between China and English-speaking countries in cultural background, customs, geography , style of language, religions belief and so on. research of Cultural and Translation between English and Chinese is particularly important. This
11、paper attempts to cooperate with English and cultural differences and translation for some exploration through the principles of cooperative pragmatic theories, in order to better understand English and Chinese culture, and benefine for translation of English and Chinese idioms. This thesis falls in
12、to five parts. The first part is introduction, which gives a brief introduction to the whole paper, including the the purpose of the thesis and the framework of it .The second part is devoted to introduce some concept about cultural and translation. The third part is devoted to introduce the culture
13、 of English and Chinese idioms. The fourth part is devoted to introduce the translation of English and Chinese idioms. The last part is conclusion which gives summary to the main idea and the conclusion of the whole paper.1.Concept of Language and Culture1.1. The Definition of Grices Cooperative Pri
14、ncipleIn order to examine the Cooperative Principle,we will first outline briefly the basic concepts behind the CP and Maxims.Previous work by Austin(1962)and Searle(1969)had largely been concerned with the relationship between direct and indirect speech acts,and the concept that you coulddothings w
15、ith words:language is as much of an action as opening a door or closing a window.These proponents of the Use theory had moved away from the truth values approach,and the reliance on sense and reference as the source of meaning(e.g. Frege&Russell).There was also a growing interest in the meaning of u
16、tterances rather than just sentences.It had been noted that at the discourse level there is no one-to-one mapping between linguistic form and utterance meaning.A particular intended meaning (which could be produced via a direct speech act)can in fact be conveyed by any number of indirect speech acts
17、.Grice is concerned with this distinction between saying and meaning.How do speakers know how to generate these implicit meanings,and how can they assume that their addressees will reliably understand their intended meaning?His aim is to discover the mechanism behind this process.(1)A:Is there anoth
18、er pint of milk?B:Im going to the supermarket in five minutes.In the above example,a competent speaker of English would have little trouble inferring the meaning that there is no more milk at the moment,but that some will be bought from the supermarket shortly.Grice posits the CP and its attendant f
19、our maxims as a way of explaining this implication process:The Cooperative Principle“Make your contribution such as required,at the stage at which it occurs,by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged”.Grice(1975:45)The MaximsQuantity Make your contribution as
20、informative as is required Do not make your contribution more informative than is requiredQuality Do not say what you believe to be false Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidenceRelation Be relevantManner Avoid obscurity of expressionAvoid ambiguityBe brief(avoid unnecessary prolixity)Be
21、 orderlyGrice(1975:45-46)He suggests that there is an accepted way of speaking which we all accept asstandard behaviour.When we produce,or hear,an utterance,we assume that it willgenerally be true,have the right amount of information,be relevant,and will be couchedin understandable terms.If an utter
22、ance does not appear to conform to this model(e.g.Bs utterance in above),then we do not assume that the utterance is nonsense;rather,we assume that an appropriate meaning is there to be inferred.In Grices terms,a maximhas been flouted,and an implicature generated.Without such an assumption,it would
23、notbe worth a co-interactant investing the effort needed to interpret an indirect speech act.1.2The Definition of LanguageIt is generally accepted that the possession of language distinguishes man from other animals. Definitions of language are not difficult to f nd, but usually scholars make a poin
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