On the Significance of Contrastive Studybetween English and Chinese浅谈英汉语言对比对研究.doc

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1、浅谈英汉语言对比研究的重要性On the Significance of Contrastive Study between English and ChineseAbstractThe languages in different countries and nations have their own cultural background and thinking model. For Chinese students, contrastive study can help them know the differences between English and Chinese, th

2、us having depth of recognition of its importance of contrastive study In China, so many linguists have done lots of study on contrastive study between English and Chinese. Based on their study, I have done a literature review on contrastive study before writing my paper, which includes: the definiti

3、on of contrastive study and the process of the development of contrastive study in China . By this literature review ，this paper shows the development of contrastive English, thus making more and more English learners realize the significance of contrastive study between English and Chinese.This pap

4、er illustrates the differences of the two languages in contrast of words, sentence structure, photograph structure, information distribution and cultural background between the two languages through a great many of living examples to help English learners to find the focus of English study, avoid Ch

5、inglish and improve their translation skills, thus representing the significance of contrastive study between English and Chinese.Key Words: contrastive study; literature review; English study; Chinglish; translation skills; significance浅谈英汉语言对比研究的重要性内容摘要不同的国家和民族的语言表现出的文化背景和思维模式都有所不同。对学习英语的中国学生来说，通过

6、英汉语言的对比，可以使其认识到英语和汉语的差别，从而对英语学习能够有更深刻的认识。许多中国语言学家对英汉语言对比做过大量研究，基于前人的研究，我在论文创作之前做了文献综述，其内容包括：英汉对比语言学的定义；及中国英汉对比语言学的发展历程。本文通过文献综述向大家展示英汉对比语言学的发展历程，从而使更多的人了解并认识到英汉对比的重要性。本文主要通过大量的实例对英汉两种语言在词汇、句子结构、段落和篇章以及英汉文化上的对比与分析来说明两种语言的相异之处，以帮助英语学习者确定学习重点和针对性，避免中式英语，培养与提高英语学习者的翻译能力。从而体现出英汉对比研究的重要性。关键词：英汉对比研究；文献综述；学

7、习重点；中式英语；翻译技巧；重要性Contents1 Introduction12 Literature Review on Contrastive Study32.1 The Definition of Contrastive Study32.2 The Process of the Development of Contrastive Study in China43 The Significance of Contrastive Study83.1 Helping Learners Find the Focus of Study83.2 Helping Learners Avoid Ch

8、inglish113.3 Helping Learners Improve Translation Skills184 Conclusion23Notes24Works Cited26Acknowledgements28Declaration of Thesis Originality291 IntroductionSome American scholars developed an idea that most of the difficulties in foreign language study spring from disturbance of the mother langua

9、ge. When the mother language and a foreign language are different, the former will disturb the latters learning. However, when they are the same, the former will help the latters learning. It is called “language transfer”. Language transfer is positive when the two languages have much in common, and

10、 will be negative when they are different, which are called positive transfer and negative transfer. In their opinion language learners should pay attention to the differences caused by negative transfer. The purpose of contrastive study is promoting positive transfer by contrasting the characterist

11、ics of the two languages. In the process of language study we often find that if the foreign language is familiar with the mother language, it will be easy to study. Take Korean and Chinese for example, there are a lot of words having the same pronunciation, so Chinese people will find it easy to st

12、udy Korean. On the contrary, if the two languages are different, the study will be difficult. For English learners, its a good way to do contrastive analysis between English and Chinese to help learn English well.Contrastive study will make English learners know the characteristics of the two langua

13、ges. The contrast will tell us what should be focused and in what way the negative transfer could be avoided. Chinese learners of English need to know how to avoid Chinglish and how to improve their skills, especially translation skills. They should make contrastive analysis on words formation, word

14、s matching, word order, sentence structure, paragraph structure and culture. Thus we can see the significance of contrastive English on English study.2 Literature Review on Contrastive Study Contrastive study between English and Chinese has developed for many years, but there are still so many peopl

15、e dont realize the significance of contrastive English, even they dont know what contrastive English is. As a English major, I want to improve English standard, for 10 years English study, I found English is not as difficult as I imagined, maybe the reason is I both like English and Chinese. Engels

16、said, “You could know your own language only if you compared it with other languages.”1 So, when we learn a language, we should compare it with our own languages, thus having depth recognition of the characteristics of the tow languages. If we did so, we can improve our study efficiency. In China, s

17、o many linguists do lots of study on contrastive study, and base on their study, I do a literature review on contrastive study between English and Chinese before I write my paper, this literature review includes:1) The definition of contrastive study 2) The process of the development of contrastive

18、study in China I want to use this literature review show the development of contrastive study, I hope more and more English learners would realize the significance of Contrastive study2.1 The Definition Of Contrastive StudyThe famous linguist Lv Shuxiang said, “Contrastive study means paying attenti

19、on to the differences between English and Chinese”Mr Xu Yulong made a definition of Contrastive study like this: Contrastive study is a branch of Contrastive linguistics, the purpose is to analyze and compare the two languages, to describe the differences and the common ground, especially their diff

20、erences, and use this series of theory to solve problems in other fields. Contrastive study is a branch of linguistics, it has the characteristics of theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics, the main task is to do comparative study, to describe and explain the differences between English and

21、 Chinese, and to use this series of theory to solve problems in other fields.2.2 The Process of the Development of Contrastive Study in ChinaThe theory of Contrastive study was established in China after 1990s. Before the contrastive English, there was another theory Chinese Cultural Linguistics, th

22、e researchers advocated to put the analysis of vocabulary into the cultural background to analyze the vocabularys cultural function. Analysis of Chinese Cultural Linguistics was a foundation to the contrastive English in China. The famous linguists, Lu Shuxiang, Xu Yulong, Yang Zijian, Pan Wenguo et

23、c, has always called on to do some research on contrastive English from a macro view.Although the famous linguists, Zhao Yuanren, Wang Li and Lu Shuxiang, Gao Mingkai etc, has always call on English learners to use the contrastive study method, but in china, the term contrast analysis ,was regarded

24、as a academic term after 1970s. Mr. Lu Shuxiang is the balance to actively advocates research and practitioner. Mr Lu Shuxiang S view on the research of contrastive study: 1)Contrastive study is analysis of errors and explain errors; 2) We should do the research of contrastive study from the concept

25、 (or category ) set out in a language; 3) By contrast, the ultimate aim is to explain the differences of the two languages. Mr Lu shuxiangs view on contrastive study is a significant direction for our words semantic research : First, the contrast of vocabulary should pay attention to the culture of

26、semantic and realism, thus reaching for the purpose of second language acquisition, and also should pay attention to the explanation which is associated with the collision and vacancy phenomenon; Second, we should do the contrast of word cultural semantic from the concept of(or category ) set out in

27、 a language;3) We must focus the ultimate aim of contrastive study is research their national culture and philosophic thinking. More and more Chinese people concern contrastive study in 1990s. In 1992, professor Xu Yulongs book Contrast Linguistics Overview was published. Contrastive study became an

28、 independent subject in China. Mr Xu definited contrastive study like this: Contrastive study is a branch of Contrastive linguistics, the purpose is to analyze and compare the two languages, to describe the differences and the common ground, especially their differences, and use this series of theor

29、y to solve problems in other fields. Compare Xus definition with the western linguists James and Fisiaks definition, Mr Xus definition has the following progressive significance:1) It is clear that the properties of contrastive linguistics is a branch of linguistics, it no longer belongs to applied

30、linguistics , Mr Xu thinks contrastive linguistics includes theory of contrastive linguistics and applied linguistics, thus adding theoretical color to contrastive English; 2)On the analysis of contrastive study, Xus definition emphasizes the common ground of the two languages, the importance of the

31、 contrast is their differences;3)The researching method is focus on the description of their differences; 4)To use the results to solve the problems in other fields.2 In 1994, Professor Yang Zijian Professor revised Professor Xu YuLongS definition of contrastive linguistics. He said, the contrastive

32、 linguistics is a branch of linguistics, it has the characteristics of theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics, the main task is to do comparative study, to describe and explain the differences between English and Chinese, and use this series of theory to solve problems in other fields. The

33、definition determines the nature of contrastive linguistics and target, thus promoting the development of contrastive study in China. In 1990s, the linguists in China made great progress of contrastive study, Liu Biqin, Xu YuLong, Yang Zijian, Pan Wenguo etc. have written lots of books to explain th

34、eir views of contrastive English. The Chinese Association of Contrastive English have made great contribution to the establishment of contrastive English linguistics under the leadership of professors Liu Chongde and Yang Zijian. The contrastive English linguistics books that were published in the e

35、arly 1990s all engage in the research of contrastive study in the aspect of theory and application, and analyze the theoretic and practical value of the contrastive research on English and Chinese. Professor Xu Yulongs new published book Contrastive Linguistics(2003) highlights that people should us

36、e the evidence to carry on the study of contrastive linguistics so that strengthen the reliability and usage of research achievement. After professor Xu, there are seven contrastive linguistics books were published, namely, Lian Suxiongs book Study on Contrastive English(1993), Yu Yungens book Contr

37、astive English Linguistics(1994), Xiong Wenhuas book Contrast Linguistics Application Overview(1997), Pan Wenguos book Outline on Contrastive English(1997), Shao Zhihongs book Analysis of Contrastive study(1997), Ke Pings book Contrastive Linguistis(1998) and the book Analysis of Language(2002) writ

38、ten by He Shanfen. Professor Pan Wenguo is one of the famous scholars in the fields of contrastive English research in China in recent ten years, who published series of books that are illustrate the theoretic establishment of contrastive English research. Professor Pans book Outline on Contrastive

39、study(1997) is named as “a book has the most deep impact on the field of contrastive language since 1990s”, which inherits the philosophy view of Hong Baote, studying the features of grammar, sentence, the order of language and organization of words, pointing out that the English is basically a kind

40、 of morphological language, on the contrary, Chinese is a semantic language, he discusses the psychological and cultural reasons that form the characteristics of grammar, order of language, sentence and words from the language philosophy angle. Meanwhile, professor Pan appeals that people should cha

41、nge their point of view to research contrastive study, and start to research it from Chinese, setting up Chinese grammar scope and theory system according to Chinese characteristics, and dealing with the discriminative relationship between generality and personality properly. In the recent years, in

42、tercultural communication becomes more and more important, especially language communication. Language is the carrier of culture, but the language in different countries and nations has its own background and thinking model, so we should know the differences between the different languages, if we do

43、 this, we can avoid some mistakes in intercultural communication, and we will learn English better. Contrastive study is the focus of English study, I believe more and more English learners will pay attention to contrastive study and they will realize the significance of contrastive study. Maybe con

44、trastive study should be applied in teaching and learning, by this way, we can recognize the value of contrastive study. We should combine the theory of contrastive study with practice, thus reveal the value of contrastive study completely.On the basis of the former research, I want to write a thesi

45、s on the significance of contrastive study. In my paper, I analyze the significance of contrastive study from the English learners point view, and also analyze the common mistakes in English expressions, thus helping learners know the differences in expressions between English and Chinese to avoid C

46、hinglish and improve translation skills.3 The Significance of Contrastive StudyThe purpose of contrastive study is promoting positive transfer by contrasting the characteristics of the two languages. In the process of language study we often find that if the foreign language is familiar with the mot

47、her language, it will be easy to study. Take Korean and Chinese for example, there are a lot of words having the same pronunciation, so Chinese people will find it easy to study Korean. On the contrary, if the two languages are different, the study will be difficult. For English learners, its a good

48、 way to do contrastive analysis between English and Chinese to help learn English well.Contrastive study will make English learners know the characteristics of the two languages. The contrast will tell us what should be focused and in what way the negative transfer could be avoided. Chinese learners of English need to know how to avoid Chinglish and how to improve their skills, especially translation skills. They should make contrastive analysis on words formation, words matching, word order, sentence structure, paragraph structure and culture. Thus we can see the significance of contr