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1、TPO 1 Conversation 1NarratorListen to part of a conversation between a student and a librarian.StudentHi, um, I really hope you can help me. LibrarianThats why Im here. What can I do for you?StudentIm supposed to do a literature review(文献综述)for my psychology course, but um having a hard time finding

2、 articles. I dont even know where to start looking.LibrarianYou said this is for your psychology course, right? So your focus is on StudentDream Interpretation.LibrarianWell, you have a focus, so thats already a good start. Hmmm well, therere a few things oh wait have you checked to see if your prof

3、essor put any material for you to look at on reserve?StudentAha, thats one thing I did know to do. I just copied an article, but I still need three more on my topic from three different journals.LibrarianLets get you going on looking for those then. We have printed versions of twenty or so psycholog

4、y journals in the Reference Section. These are the ones published within the last year. Then I think about it theres a journal named Sleep and Dream.StudentOh, yeah, the article I just copied is from that journal, so Ive got to look at other sources.LibrarianOk, actually, most of our materials are a

5、vailable electronically now. You can access psychology databases or electronic journals and articles through the librarys computers, and if you want to search by title with the word dream for example, just type it in and all the articles with dream in the title will come up on the screen.Student Coo

6、l, thats great! Too bad I cannot do this from home. LibrarianBut you can. All of the librarys databases and electronic sources can be accessed through any computer connected to the university network.StudentReally?! I cant believe I didnt know that. It still sounds like its going to take a while tho

7、ugh, you know, going through all of that information, all of those sources.LibrarianMaybe, but you already narrow your search down to articles on Dream Interpretation, so it shouldnt be too bad. And you probably notice that theres an abstract or summary at the top of the first page of the article yo

8、u copied. When you go into the databases and electronic sources, you have the option to display the abstracts on the computer screen, skimming those to decide whether or not you want to read the whole article should cut down some time.StudentRight, abstracts! Theyll definitely make the project more

9、durable. I guess I should try out the electronic search while Im still here then, you know, just in case.LibrarianSure, err that computers free over there, and Ill be here till five this afternoon.StudentThanks, I feel a lot better about this assignment now.TPO 1 Conversation 2NarratorListen to part

10、 of a conversation between a student and his professor.ProfessorHi Mathew, Im glad you can come in today. Youve been observing Mr. Grables third-grade class for your approaches to education paper, right? StudentHmmm, yes. I go over the Johnson Elementary School, you know, to watch Mr. Grable teach t

11、hechildren in class. Its been amazing, I mean, Im just learning so much from just watching him. Imso glad the classroom observations are a requirement for the education program. I mean its like the best thing ever to prepare you to be a good teacher.ProfessorWell, Im glad to see you feel that way, M

12、athew. You know, thats the goal. So, Ive been reading over your observation notes and Im quite interested in whats going on, in particular whats the astronomy unit hes been teaching.StudentThe astronomy unit?ProfessorIt seems that Mr. Grable has mastered the interdisciplinary approach to teaching th

13、e way weve been talking about in class.StudentOh! OK, yeah, so like when he was teaching them astronomy, he didnt just teach them the names of the planets, he used it as a way to teach mythology.ProfessorReally! So, how did he do that?StudentWell, some of the students could already name the planets,

14、 but they didnt know that the names had any meaning the stories behind them.ProfessorSo, heStudentHe introduced Greek and Roman mythology as a way of explaining. Like, you know, how like Jupiters the biggest planet, right, and how Jupiter was the name of the king of the gods in Roman mythology, righ

15、t? So since Jupiter, the planet, is the largest planet in our solar system, its like the king of the planets, like Jupiter was the king of all the gods.ProfessorOh, Mathew, thats a great example.StudentYeah! And each student chose a planet and then did research on it to write a report and make a pre

16、sentation. They went to the library to do the research, then they made presentations about the planet they chose.ProfessorSo, in one science unit, in which the focus was astronomy, the students also learned about the literature of Greek and Roman mythology, used research skills in the library, wrote

17、 a report and practiced their oral presentation skills.StudentExactly! He used this one topic to teach third-grades all that stuff how to use the books in the library, to write reports, and even how to speak in public. Plus they had a great time doing it.ProfessorYou know, Mathew, this is just what

18、weve been talking about in our class. Im sure everyone can learn something from your experience. You know, Mathew, Id love for you to talk about this astronomy unit in class on Wednesday.StudentReally?! Hmm cause I dont really think Ill have any time to write my paper by then.ProfessorOh, you wont n

19、eed to write anything new just yet. For Wednesday, use your class observation notes and explain the things weve discussed today.StudentOk, that sounds all right. TPO 2 Conversation 1NarratorListen to a conversation between a student and a professor.StudentUh, excuse me, Professor Thompson. I know yo

20、ur office hours are tomorrow, but I was wondering if you had a few minutes free now to discuss something. ProfessorSure, John. What did you want to talk about?StudentWell, I have some quick questions about how to write up the research project I did this semesterabout climate variations.ProfessorOh,

21、yes. You were looking at variations in climate in the Grant City area, right? How far along have you gotten?StudentIve got all my data, so Im starting to summarize it now, preparing graphs and stuff. But Im just. . . Im looking at it and Im afraid that its not enough, but Im not sure what else to pu

22、t in the report.ProfessorI hear the same thing from every student. You know, you have to remember now that youre theexpert on what youve done. So, think about what youd need to include if you were going toexplain your research project to someone with general or casual knowledge about the subject,lik

23、e . . . like your parents. Thats usually my rule of thumb: would my parents understand this?StudentOK. I get it.ProfessorI hope you can recognize by my saying that how much you do know about the subject.StudentRight. I understand. I was wondering if I should also include the notes from the research

24、journal you suggested I keep.ProfessorYes, definitely. You should use them to indicate what your evolution in thought was through time.So, just set up, you know, what was the purpose of what you were doingto try to understandthe climate variability of this areaand what you did, and what your approac

25、h was.StudentOK. So, for example, I studied meteorological records; I looked at climate charts; I used differentmethods for analyzing the data, like certain statistical tests; and then I discuss the results. Is that what you mean?ProfessorYes, thats right. You should include all of that. The statist

26、ical tests are especially important.And also be sure you include a good reference section where all your published and unpublisheddata came from, cause you have a lot of unpublished climate data.StudentHmm . . . something just came into my mind and went out the other side.ProfessorThat happens to me

27、 a lot, so Ive come up with a pretty good memory management tool. I carry alittle pad with me all the time and jot down questions or ideas that I dont want to forget. Forexample, I went to the doctor with my daughter and her baby son last week and we knew wewouldnt remember everything we wanted to a

28、sk the doctor, so we actually made a list of fivethings we wanted answers to.StudentA notepad is a good idea. Since Im so busy now at the end of the semester, Im getting pretty forgetful these days. OK. I just remembered what I was trying to say before.ProfessorGood. I was hoping youd come up with i

29、t.StudentYes. It ends up that I have data on more than just the immediate Grant City area, so I alsoincluded some regional data in the report. With everything else it should be a pretty goodindicator of the climate in this part of the state.ProfessorSounds good. Id be happy to look over a draft vers

30、ion before you hand in the final copy, if you wish.StudentGreat. Ill plan to get you a draft of the paper by next Friday. Thanks very much. Well, see ya.ProfessorOK. TPO 2 Conversation 2Narrator Listen to a conversation between two students. They are both studying to be English teachers.Female Stude

31、nt Did you register already for your classes next semester? Male Student Yes, I did. Female Student What are you taking? Male Student Um.contemporary literature, English style, um.a teaching seminar, and I still have to do my student teaching. Im gonna help teach a writing class at the junior high.

32、Female Student Thats a heavy schedule. Male Student Yeah, itll be really busy. And Im also taking a theory class. I would have to quit my job in a couple of weeks cause itll be just too much. Female Student Where do you work at? Male Student Busters Coffee Shop. But just till the end of the month. W

33、hat are you doing next semester? Female StudentActually its teaching seminar, too. And I have to start writing my thesis. You know Im also going for my masters degree. Male Student So you are not writing any poetry I imagine. Female Student No. I was actually thinking about revising some of my poems

34、 and sending them into places for publication. Male Student Cool. You should. Um, did you hear about that new poetry club, the Poetry Kitchen? Female StudentYeah, no time. Male Student Its fine. Its Sunday night. You dont do anything Sunday nights. Female Student I do homework Sunday nights. Male St

35、udentWell, its only from seven to nine.Female Student Is it every Sunday?Male Student Last Sunday every month. I dont know about this month cause it probably a little too close to Thanksgiving. So they might move it out. I dont know what theyre gonna do. But its a good time. Its fun. Some really imp

36、ressive readings. Female StudentWho? From our class? Male StudentSome people from our class are reading. A lot of them go, sometimes even the professor. Female StudentReally? I dont know if I wanna read in front of her. Male StudentYou wouldnt have to read. You can just watch. I just watched the fir

37、st time. But its a good environment to read in, I think anyway. Female StudentI probably have to write something new. So maybe during the summer, I just cant now. Male StudentYeah, it wouldnt be the same just reading old stuff. But youre gonna do summer score.Female StudentDefinitely. Otherwise Ill

38、be short six credits. I have no choice. Male Student Yeah, me too. This is the second summer I have to take classes. Got to go now. My Shakespeare class starts in twenty minutes.TPO 3 Conversation 1NarratorListen to a conversation between a student and a receptionist at the Registrars Office on the

39、first day of the semester. StudentExcuse me, Im supposed to be having my physics class in the science building, but no ones in the classroom. Could you tell me where the class is? Physics 403 has it been moved?ReceptionistWell, theres a room assignment sheet on the bulletin board outside this office

40、.StudentYeah, I know, but my class isnt listed there. There must be some kind of mistake or something. Could you look it up, please?ReceptionistHmm. ok, let me check on the computer. Its physics, right? Wait, did you say physics 403?StudentYeah.ReceptionistErrIm sorry, but it says here that it was c

41、ancelled. You should have got note letter from the registrars(登记员，记录员)office about this.StudentWhat? Ive never got it.ReceptionistAre you sure? Cause it says on the computer that the letter was sent out to students a week ago.StudentReally? I should have got it by now. I wonder if I threw it away wi

42、th all the junk mail by mistake.ReceptionistWell, it does happen. Err let me check something. Whats your name?StudentWoodhouse, Laura Woodhouse. ReceptionistOk, hmmWoodhouse, let me see ah, it says here we sent it to your apartment on err Center Street.StudentOh, thats my old apartment. I moved out

43、of there a little while ago.ReceptionistWell, and I suppose you havent changed your mailing address at the administration office. Well I would explain it.StudentYeah, I guess thats it. But how can they cancel the class after offering it. If Id known this was going to happen, I would have taken it la

44、st semester.ReceptionistI know, its really inconvenient for you, I understand that, but err if we dont have enough students sign up for the course, the college cant offer it. You know, its a practical issue, like we cant have an instructor when therere only a few students in the class. You see what

45、I mean?StudentI guess, but now I dont know what course I should take instead.ReceptionistOk, lets see. Do you have any courses youre going to take next semester? If you do, you might want to take them now and sign up for physics 403 next semester.StudentYeah, I guess I could do that. I just hope it

46、wont be cancelled again. Do you know how many people have to be enrolled in order to keep a class from being cancelled?ReceptionistWell, it depends on the class, but for that class, you have to have err lets see, usually itd be at least ten people, but since it was cancelled this semester, they migh

47、t even do it with less. But do you know what you should do? Give the physics department a call a couple of weeks before the semester starts. Theyll be able to tell you if theyre planning to go through with it. Its their decision, actually.StudentOh, ok, I will do that. Thanks for the info(informal) information).ReceptionistNo problem. Sorry about the class. Oh, why arent you to go change a mail address now? It only takes a minute.StudentOh, sure, I will do that right way.TPO 3 Conversation 2NarratorListen to a conversation between a student and a professor.Stude