新人教高中英语书面表达训练(2).ppt

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1、1.关系不一致误If she have much money,she can buy many things that she want.正 1)werewas2)havehas,If she has much money,she can buy many things that she wants.,3)itstheir 4)hurrieshurried 5)He lived in the countryside for two years,and he always remembered his life there.写作中，同一主语和语态最好贯彻到底，不要随意地忽而主动语态，忽而被动语态

2、。6)wont shouldnt 语气一致7)time times,2.词性混淆误When people have difficult,we should help them.正When people have difficulty,we should help them.1)against is against2)She often goes to school by bus.3)past passed4)careful carefully5)Asia Asian6)Fortunate Fortunately 7)Jumped down into,3.用词累赘误If you lend me

3、50 dollars,Ill repay back you next week.正If you lend me 50 dollars,Ill repay you next week.1)去掉again2)去掉more 3)去掉future 4)去掉go to，因为hurry to本身具有“匆忙去”之意5)去掉it 6)去掉by himself,7)去掉a.m.或in the morning8)去掉with fear9)去掉in，last month/year/week；next month/year/week；every month/year/week前均不加介词in10)去掉it，too句式

4、中主语是不定式的宾语时，不定式宾语要省略,4.无连接词错误误You practice more reading,your reading ability will be improved.正If you practice reading more,your reading ability will be improved.析英语句子的特点之一是重“形合”，句子的各个部分要由各种连词、关系词等连接起来；而汉语句子是重“意合”，句子前后连接主要是通过上下文的逻辑意义来实现的，连接词的使用远远少于英语，,1)A person will not have a healthy body if he ha

5、s not enough food.2)Although I am tired,I must go on working.3)Because China is still a developing country,most people can not afford a car yet.4)If you use your head,youll find a way./Use your head,and youll find a way.,5)The teacher spoke slowly in order that/so that the students might understand

6、her.6)I arrived at the station after the train had left./When I arrived at the station,the train had left.7)We all went home after the picnic because it had started to rain.,8)We were looking for your new coat,but we could not find it.9)The sun warms the earth,which makes it possible for plants to g

7、row./The sun warms the earth and this makes it possible for plants to grow.10)His bedroom seemed empty and there were only two chairs,a small desk and a bed.,5.非完整句错误误The woman talked to you just now is our English teacher.正The woman who talked to you just now is our English teacher.析一个句子至少包括主语和谓语两部

8、分（祈使句除外），如果将句子的某一部分当作一个完整的句子，就会导致非完整句错误。,1)China is no longer what she used to be.2)Although he is ten years old,this little boy plays the piano very well.3)The picture is about a poor little boy who lived in old China.,4)The person who came to see me that afternoon is an old friend of mine.5)I cant

9、 imagine what life would be like if we hadnt any TV sets.6)One will feel lonely without a friend.,6.选词或搭配不当误Peter is a warm-hearted person,so everybody likes to have friends with him.正Peter is a warm-hearted person,so everybody lies to make friends with him.析在理解英语词汇时，不能仅停留在了解其字面意义上，而应掌握内在涵义。同时要熟悉它们的

10、习惯搭配。平时学习词汇时，要仔细思考，勤查词典.,1)spendstakes/We spend 15 minutes going to the park from the center of the city by bus.2)I hope that you will become a lawyer./I wish you to become a lawyer.3)forgot left“遗忘某物在某处”不可用forget，应用leave4)firmlyclearly 汉语中可以讲“牢牢记住”，但英语中firmly却不可与remember,搭配。常和remember搭配的副词有clearly，

11、perfectly，thoroughly等5)borrowlend6)raise improve 7)live stay live表示“在某处居住”，病人“住院”用stay8)此句应该用具体词却误用了概括词，应将animal改为lion，tiger等,7.逻辑错误误Liu Hua is a kind-hearted girl;she will be successful in anything she tries.正As she has a strong will and confidence in herself,Liu Hua may be successful in anything s

12、he tries.析“一个心地善良的人能保证事事都能成功”这个推理不合理。“一个具有坚强意志和信念的人可能会取得成功”这才合乎逻辑。,1)Many Americans are all.2)Most of the birds can fly.3)She must be ill,for I saw a doctor going into her room.because表直接原因，表示的原因和产生的结果有必然的因果关系。原句意思是：她生病是因为医生走进了她的房间。这是不合逻辑的。改成for引起的分句是对前句作推测性解释。,4)I was going out when it began to rai

13、n.我正要出门，这时天突然下起雨来。分析原句得出这一结论：天要在我准备外出时下雨。这是不符合逻辑的。5)The army men had been marching all day,and their uniforms were dusty.原句“行军与军衣颜色”逻辑上无必然联系。6)I was born in 1953 and grew up in the town of Yidu.原句时间概念不清。,8.不合英语表达习惯误The price of oil is more expensive than before.正The price of oil is higher than befor

14、e.析英语中价格只有高低(high/low)，商品才有贵贱(expensive/cheap)。写作中，不少学生受汉语思维方式、表达习惯、文化习俗的影响，写出许多不符合英语表达习惯的句子。要避免此类错误的发生，平时训练就要多比较、归纳英汉两种语言在表达方式上的差异。,1)Chinas population is the largest/highest in the world.2)Zhang Hang studies in Kangle High School,Wanzai County,Jiangxi Province.3)Li Ping has four classes in the mor

15、ning and two in the afternoon.4)Since the telephone was invented,great changes have taken place in peoples life.,5)Neither of my parents likes to go to the cinema.Nor do I.6)Everywhere you can see red flowers and green grass.7)Today some students still dont know how to use English dictionaries.8)If

16、you use your head,you can quickly solve this problem.9)Are you busy with your work?,10)Your student has gone to work.11)Its he who suggested that I(should)write to you.12)The development of modern science and technology has brought about great social changes.13)After graduating/he graduated from Bei

17、jing University,my uncle became a teacher.,9.句子缺乏统一性误To control the birth rate in the world,scientists are looking for new sources of energy.正To control the birth rate in the world,all the governments must take strict and effective measures.析错句前后两部分意思无关紧要，违背了统一性原则。统一性要求一个句子必须表达一个单一的完整思想。如果把不相连的思想放在同

18、一句子里或一个句子表达的思想不完整，就破坏了句子统一性原则。,1)Being an honest man,Mr Wang never tells a lie to his students.2)Some television programs are harmful to children,so parents must prevent their children from watching TV.3)The reason why Henry was absent so long was that he was ill./Henry was absent for such a long ti

19、me because he was ill.不对等的意思不要用等立连词。,4)My niece got married last week.过多的细节会使读者抓不住主要思想。5)Although this mountain is six thousand feet high and only four miles from the small airport,no plane has ever crashed on it.这里一系列并列句显得很单调，表达不出彼此间的关系，破坏了统一性原则。,10.句子缺乏连贯性连贯性是指句子无论长短，在安排上要合乎逻辑，衔接自然，使句内语义关系明确，让人一目了

20、然。学生习作中不连贯的句子主要包括垂悬修饰语、指代不清、未用过渡性词语、非平行结构和语义不完整的分割短句等方面的错误。,误My best friend in high school was our English teacher.Her name was Gao Hui.She taught us English for three years.正My best friend in high school was our English teacher,Gao Hui,who taught us English for three years.析原句把一个简单的思想内容各列成三个短句来表达，尽

21、管这些句子语法正确，但不连贯，显得乏力。,1)Rose is in love with John,but John is in love with Mary.2)Tom wrote a quick note to Nancy,his friend.3)When I was speaking before a crowd of people for the first time,my knees shook.speaking的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，产生“垂悬”修饰语。,4)She likes playing tennis and watching basketball games.两个平行的

22、思想to play tennis和watching basketball games用了不同的结构，破坏了句子的连贯性。5)“I am wrong,”he said to my brother./He said to by brother,“You are wrong.”6)theythe students,代词they无指代对象。,7)When I returned to my room,I found a note from Jack under my book.He said he was in the city looking for a job,but he hadnt found

23、anything yet.He added that he was sorry not to have seen me.此段出现了一连串的短句，这些短句提供的信息量小，语义支离破碎，缺乏连贯性。,11.Chinglish(汉式英语)错误Keys:1)My family has a dog./We keep a dog at home.2)They had a good time last night./They enjoyed themselves very much last night.3)We find it difficult to learn English.4)I dont thi

24、nk she can swim.5)She is very young.,6)Evening came before we realized it.7)A lot of his students have gone to college.,8)To learn/Learning English well is not easy./Its not easy to learn English well.9)Many teachers have taught me English.10)I like English very much.,11)Though he was ill,he went on

25、 working./He was ill,but he went on working.12)Because she is ill,she is absent today./She is ill,so she is absent today.,13)He was married to Anna last month./He married Anna last month.14)Have you suggested he try again?/Have you suggested him trying again?15)He is old enough to go to school.,16)I

26、n winter it is colder in Changsha than in Guangzhou.17)God gave me a good chance./Its really a good chance that God gave me.,18)All the students had started reading English before I got up.19)It rains much in Beijing in August.,20)A fire broke out at the hospital last night.21)She is at home now.22)

27、This is No.4 Middle School,Jiujiang County,Jiangxi Province.,12.标点符号误用书写英文句子时，不少学生常常误用标点符号。标点符号是一种变相文字，是书面语不可缺少的重要手段，同学们平时要比较英汉标点的差异，切莫等闲视之。误Li Ping isnt old enough,he can not join the army.正Li Ping isnt old enough.He can not join the army./Li Ping isnt old enough;he can not join the army.析此句犯了两个或数个

28、独立的句子用逗号断开的通病。,1)去掉书名号。汉语中有书名号，但英语中没有。书写报刊、书名等时，常用报刊、书名的每个单词首字母大写，且常在文中用斜体或在名称下划一横线的形式表示。2)此句为短句错误，可在第二个分句前加上表对照的连词while或将句中逗号改为分号。3)“I joined the League in 1989,”he said.直接引语是陈述句且放在插入语之前时，应是逗号，不用句号。,4)空心圆点改为实心圆点。5)句末问号改为句号，因为此为陈述句。6)把顿号改为逗号，英语中没有顿号。7)John says Bill will fly to North Korea in the coming year.But I am not sure.汉语用六个上下居中的点相连表示省略，英语用三个居右下方的点相连表省略，结尾用省略号时，应当使用四个点，第四个是这句话的句号,