亨利八世PPT.ppt

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1、Henry,A brief introduction of Henry VIII,Henry VIII(28 June 1491 28 January 1547)was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death.He was also Lord of Ireland(later King of Ireland)and claimant to the Kingdom of France.Henry was the second monarch of the House of Tudor（都铎王朝）,succeeding his fath

2、er,Henry VII.,Henry VIIIs marriage,Catherine of Aragon,Henrys oldest brother Arthur died suddenly.Henrys Father,renewed his efforts to seal an alliance between England and Spain,by offering Henry,in marriage to Prince Arthurs widow,Catherine of Aragon All of Catherines children died except Princess

3、Mary.Henry became impatient,for he need a male heir.Last Henry divorced with her.,Second Marriage-Anne Boleyn,The queen gave birth to a girl who was named Elizabeth who would go on to become one of the most famous leaders in English history.Anne then gave birth to two another children,but they both

4、died.Since Henry still wanted a male heir.He slandered that Anne commit adultery(通奸)with someone，and killed her。,The Third Wife-Jane Seymour,She was one of Queen Annes ladies-in-waiting(侍女)They were married 10 days later after Annes death.Jane gave birth to a son,Prince Edward.King Henry got the son

5、 he wanted.But the birth was difficult and the queen died at the same year from an puerperal fever（产褥热）.,The 4th Wife Anne of Cleves,Henry desired to marry once again to ensure the succession.A portrait of Anne was sent to the king.Its beautiful.However after Anne arrived in England,Henry is said to

6、 have found her utterly unattractive.Henry wished to annul the marriage in order to marry another.The marriage was subsequently annulled and Anne received the title of The Kings Sister,The 5th Catherine Howard,Henry married the beautiful young Catherine Howard(Anne Boleyns cousin).He was absolutely

7、delighted with his new queen.Soon after her marriage,however,two men were accused of having sexual relationships with the queen.Finally,Catherine was executed on 13 February 1542.At that time,she was only 22.,The 6th Wife-Catherine Parr,Henry married his last wife,Catherine Parr.She helped reconcile

8、 Henry with his first two daughters,the Princess Mary and the Lady Elizabeth.She was a reformer,but Henry remained a conservative（保守主义）.This behavior nearly proved her undoing,but she saved herself by a show of submissiveness（服从).,Religion ReformationBesides his six marriages,Henry VIII is known for

9、 his role in the religion reformation.He wanted to divorce with the first wife,but the Roman Catholic Church disagreeded.So he separated Church of England(英国国教)from Roman Catholic Church（罗马天主教会）and established himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England.He changed religious ceremonies and r

10、ituals and suppressed the monasteries,while remaining a believer in core Catholic theological teachings,even after his excommunication from the Roman Catholic Church.,Contents,1、In 1534,promulgated the Act of Supremacy and severed the relations between the church of England and the Vatican in the ad

11、ministrative and economic.In 1534，颁布至尊法案断绝英国教会在行政和经济上与罗马教廷的关系。2、Recognized the king as supreme head of the church in England,and the king had the right to appointed episcopate,held in the,Contents,church and review the Canon.规定国为英国最高首脑，拥有任命教职，召开教会，审查教规的权利。3、To preserve the Catholic church hierarchy,

12、the doctrine and ritual保留天主教的教阶制度，教义和仪式。4、Henry closed the monasteryies and confiscated their property,doulbing the nations revenues。,Influence,Get rid of the Roman magisteriums control,consolidate the increasingly powerful monarchy.Make the Christianity as the church of England,the church became th

13、e tool of the feudal autocratic rule.The Catholic Church was deprived of most of the property fell into the hands of the emerging bourgeoisie,is conducive to the development of capitalism.,More conservative,in the aspect of religion and theology without a substantial change,is not conducive to the f

14、urther development of capitalism,later the Puritan movement appeared.,The Children of Henry VIII,Actually,all of Henrys children didnt have descendants(后代).After Elizabeth died,the House of Tudor ended.,爱德华三世1327-1377,黑太子爱德华,理查德,爱德华四世1461-1483,爱德蒙都铎,亨利六世1422-1461,亨利五世1413-1422,亨利四世1399-1413,菲力帕（女）,莱

15、昂纳尔（克拉伦斯公爵）,罗杰,安妮（女）,冈特的约翰（兰开斯特公爵）,爱德蒙特（约克公爵）,理查德,理查德二世1377-1399,理查德三世1483-1485,亨利七世1485-1509,玛丽一世1553-1558,亨利八世 1509-1547,爱德华六世1547-1553,爱德华五世 1483,伊丽莎白,伊丽莎白一世1558-1603,Government,During his reign England was stable and prosperous.Parliament did have the power to make laws，including tax laws，althou

16、gh the laws had to have royal approval.,Military,Henry created the Royal Navy，which became the basis of future British sea power.Henry was responsible for the creation of a permanent navy,with the supporting anchorages and dockyards.The Navy move away from bow and arrow to employ gunnery instead.Hen

17、rys break with Rome Curia incurred the threat of a large-scale French or Spanish invasion.In 1538,he began to build a chain of expensive,state-of-the-art defences.,Evaluation,During the reign of HenryVIII，the British social economic status,political system,culture,thought,religion have great changes

18、.,Character appraisal人物评价,The greatest impact on future generations of Henry was the British Protestant reformation.Although his original intention was to solve the problem of the Dynasty（王朝）and its successor，and he had never given up the essence（本质）of the Catholic（天主教）faith，his reform was the most

19、radical（激进的）and decisive one ever since.,Henry VIII was a brilliant man of wide learning，he even wrote a book in Latin（拉丁文）.He was also the first man of learning global geography of all the European rulers.Besides，Henry VIII was a writer，poet and musician.His most famous song was“pastime with good company”（与好伙伴一起消磨时光），which was also known as the song of king.,Thank you！,By 5603,