[英语学习]A Brief History of Canada Australia and New Zealand澳新加历史简介.ppt

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1、Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Unit TwoHistory,Lesson 5A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Viking colonization site at LAnse-aux-Meadows of Canada,The discovery of gold in Australia,The Duke of Marlborough Hotel,NZ,Unit Two History-Lesso

2、n 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,ObjectivesStarter Teaching PointsLesson ReviewCase Study Supplementary Reading,A Brief History of Canada,Australiaand New Zealand,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Objectives,Acquire a general idea ab

3、out the history of Canada,Australia and New Zealand.Learn about the representative figures of different historical stages of these three countries.Analyze the relationship between the world history and the history of Canada,Australia and New Zealand.,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Cana

4、da,Australia and New Zealand,Starter,Talk about the following pictures and tell as much as you can.,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,a,b,c,What?,d,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Barrier Reef Island,Off Austra

5、lias east coast,it is one of the wonders of the natural world.It is a World Heritage listed and is one of Australias and the worlds premiere holiday destinations.The Great Barrier Reef boasts glorious weather,prestine rainforest,and white sandy beaches.,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of C

6、anada,Australia and New Zealand,Jacques Cartier,Jacques Cartier was a French navigator and explorer who first described and mapped the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River,which he named“The Country of Canada(s)”.,Jacques Cartier Bridge on Saint Lawrence River,The Gulf o

7、f Saint Lawrence,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,John Cabot,An Italian navigator and explorer commonly credited as the first European to discover the North American mainland,in 1497.,John Cabot,Cabot Tower,John Cabot in Bonavista,Newfoundland.,Unit Two H

8、istory-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Harbour Bridge,Harbour Bridge is Sydneys tallest structure until 1067.The dramatic view of the bridge,the harbour,and the nearby Sydney Opera House is an iconic image of both Sydney and Australia.,Harbour Bridge,Unit Two History-Les

9、son 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Teaching Points,Pre-reading:Give a brief introduction of the historic periods of the UK by referring to the following chart.Text A A BRIEF HISTORY OF CANADAText B A BRIEF HISTORY OF AUSTRALIAText C A BRIEF HISTORY OF NEW ZEALAND,Unit Two Hist

10、ory-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,T

11、he European Discovery of CanadaThe English and French Colonial Conflicts A Self-Governing Nation of Canada,Text A A BRIEF HISTORY OF CANADA,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The European Discovery of Canada,The vast regions of North America had long been i

12、nhabited by Aboriginal peoplesthe native Indians The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the 15th century.-John Cabot,an Italian sea captain in the pay of the British,discovered Canada in 1494,-Columbus discovered America in 1499.,Native Indian,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A B

13、rief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,In 1534,the French explorer,Jacques Cartier,sailed right down the St Lawrence River as far as what is today the site of Montreal.Failing to find the way to Asia he was seeking,he opened the interior of Canada to French fur traders and later colonizers

14、.It was almost another hundred years before French colonists settled on the banks of the St Lawrence and founded Quebec.,Quebec City in 1700,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Map of Quebec,Explorations of Jacques Cartier,Jacques Cartier setting up a cross

15、at Gaspe,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The English and French became rivals in the gradual conquest of those parts of North America not claimed by the Spanish.Through the seventeenth century the French colonized the banks of the St.Lawrence,the Great L

16、akes,the inland plains and the Mississippi Valley.The English established larger and better settlements in their New England colonies and Virginia.,The English and French Colonial Conflicts,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,By the middle of the 18th centur

17、y,the French in North America realised that they could not avoid a flight with the British and their American colonists.However,the French king,Louis XV,was too busy with his wars with Prussia，so the French troops in Canada did not receive the supplies they needed so badly.,Louis XV,Animated map sho

18、wing the French colonial empires,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,After the Seven Years War from 1756 to 1763,the French were forced to give up every inch of land in North America,and the whole Canada came under the rule of the British.The French colony o

19、n the St.Lawrence was reorganized in 1763 as the British province of Quebec.,The Seven Years War,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The Seven Years War,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,But the British allowed the

20、 French colonists to stay on,to keep their way of life and religion.The French were all Catholics.But the British warned them that George III of England was their king,instead of Louis XV of France.The British-appointed governor,Sir Guy Carleton,recognized the French character of Quebec in the Quebe

21、c Act of 1774.-granted the people of Quebec rights as French Canadians;-recognized the right of Catholic Church.,George III,Louis XV,Sir Guy Carleton,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Ze

22、aland,The first British settlers in Canada were American refugees who refused to fight against the British army in the War of Independence,because they felt they were more British than American.They called themselves Loyalists.80,000 Loyalists helped the British to defend Canada against an invading

23、American army during the war.,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,By an Act of 1791 Upper Canada(British)and Lower Canada(French)were created.After the 1837 conflict between Upper Canada and Lower Canada,they were united and given internal self-government in

24、 1848.,A Self-Governing Nation of Canada,Upper Canada,Upper Canada,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,In 1867 Canada was born when Quebec,Ontario,New Brunswick and Nova Scotia all joined together.In 1885 the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed and the co

25、untry was linked from coast to coast.,Canadian Pacific system,The first Canadian Pacific Railway train,Canadian Locomotive,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,During the reign of the Liberal Party(1896-1911),Canada experienced a rapid growth.Both farming and

26、 industries boomed,some 2,500,000 immigrants entered Canada from Britain,the US and Continental Europe.By entering World War I,Canada won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name and to take a seat as a member of the League of Nations.Canada has since found its place among the nati

27、ons of the world.,“Come to Stay”printed in 1880 in the Canadian Illustrated News,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,In 1936 Canada became a Dominion(a self-governing nation)within the British Commonwealth and Empire.During World War II,Canada fought as an a

28、lly of Britain,and nearly one million Canadians served in the armed forces.After the war tremendous development took place in both industries and agriculture in Canada.,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,An animated GIF of the evolution of Canadas internal

29、borders,from the formation of the dominion to the present.,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Text B A BRIEF HISTORY OF AUSTRALIA,European Settlement Founding of a Nation The Impact of WWI Post-War Prosperity A Changing Society,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A B

30、rief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,European Settlement,Before the arrival of European settlers,Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples had inhabited most areas of the Australian continent for thousands of years.The first recorded European contact with Australia was in March 1606,

31、when Dutch explorer Willem Janszoon charted the west coast of Cape York Peninsula,Queensland.It was not until 1770 that Captain James Cook extended his scientific voyage to the South Pacific and claimed the east coast of Australia for the British Crown,Aboriginal,Torres Strait Islander,Willem Janszo

32、on,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Britain sent the first fleet of 11 ships carrying about 1500 people to Sydney Harbour on 26 January 1788,and it is on this day every year that Australia Day is celebrated.From 1788 to 1868,about 160,000 men and women we

33、re brought to Australia as convicts.,Sydney Harbour,Flagship of the First Fleet,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The wool industry and the gold rushes of the 1850s provided an impetus for free settlers to come to Australia.Whats more,scarcity of labour,th

34、e vastness of the land and new wealth based on farming,mining and trade made Australia a land of opportunity.During this period,Indigenous Australians suffered enormously.Death,illness,displacement and dispossession disrupted traditional lifestyles and practices.,The discovery of gold in remote area

35、s was followed by tradesmen,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Map showing the creation of the colonies/states and mainland territories,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The Commonwealth of Australia was formed in

36、 1901 through the federation of six states under a single constitution.The founders of the new nation wanted Australia to be harmonious,united and egalitarian,and had progressive ideas about human rights,the observance of democratic procedures and the value of a secret ballot.,Founding of a Nation,T

37、he Citizens Arch-National Museum,Canberra,maded to celebrate Federation,The Royal Exhibition Building,Melbourne.Site of the first sitting of Federal parliament,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The non-indigenous population at the time of Federation was 3.

38、8 million.Half of these lived in cities,three-quarters were born in Australia,and the majority were of English,Scottish or Irish descent.From 1900 to 1914 great progress was made in developing Australias agricultural and manufacturing capacities,and in setting up institutions for government and soci

39、al services.,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The First World War had a devastating impact on Australia.-As many as 60,000 died and tens of thousands more were wounded.-Australias most enduring values:the Anzac ethos of courage and spirit.-25 April,the An

40、zac Day,celebrating the fitght at Gallipoli,Turkey,in 1915 by the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps.,Impact of WWI,Gallipoli landing,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Australian troops landing at Gallipoli,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Ca

41、nada,Australia and New Zealand,During the Second World War Australian forces made a significant contribution to the Allied victory in Europe and in Asia and the Pacific.The generation that fought in the war and survived came out of the war with a sense of pride in Australias capabilities.,Unit Two H

42、istory-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,After the war Australia entered a boom period.Millions of refugees and migrants arrived in Australia.The economy developed strongly in the 1950s-Snowy Mountains Scheme in Australias southern alps.-Melbourne hosted the Olympic Games

43、of 1956.,Post-War Prosperity,Jounama Dam of Snowy Mountains Scheme,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The 1960s was a period of change for Australia.-the ethnic diversity produced by post-war immigration,-the decline of the United Kingdom-the Vietnam War(to

44、 which Australia sent troops),A Changing Society,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,In 1967 the Australian people voted overwhelmingly in a national referendum to give the federal government the power to pass legislation on behalf of Indigenous Australians

45、and to include Indigenous Australians in future censuses.The national referendum was widely seen as a strong affirmation of the Australian peoples wish to see its government take direct action to improve the living conditions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.,Unit Two History-Lesson

46、5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The Referendum Campaign,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The European SettlementSocial and Economic Changes in 1880s and 1890sPost-War New Zealand,Text C A BRIEF HISTORY OF NEW ZEALAND,Unit Two History

47、-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Over 1,000 years ago,New Zealand was inhabited by voyagers from East Polynesia.These settlers were the forebears of todays Maoris,who developed a rich culture that was handed down through generations.,The European Settlement,The Mori sett

48、lement,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,The European settlement started in 1642,in which year Dutchman Abel Tasman arrived,naming the country Staten Land,later Nieuw Zeeland.In 1769,Englishman James Cook visited this place,claiming the land for the Britis

49、h.In 1840,the Treaty of Waitangi was signed by 500 chiefs,retaining their proprietorship of natural resources while giving up the right to govern to the British Crown.,Abel Tasman,James Cook,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Signing of the Treaty of Waitan

50、gi,First map of New Zealand,by James Cook,Unit Two History-Lesson 5 A Brief History of Canada,Australia and New Zealand,Due to the clashes between the Maori and the settlers in 1860s,the Maori lost large pieces of land and the Maori population fell to 42,000.Since the 1860s,large numbers of British,