跨文化交际实用教程胡超编著Unit1.ppt

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1、Intercultural Communication,Culture is a Bridge.,Unit 1 An Introduction,Objectives,Learn the purpose of learning the course.Learn the notions of Culture,Communication and Intercultural Communication.Learn the differences between Chinese and Western cultures,I.Warm-up Cases,Please discuss the cases i

2、n groups and make a comment on it.Case 1:Showing ConcernIn China:Xiao Li(an interpreter):You must be very tired.Youre oldCatherine(an elderly American lady):Oh,Im NOT old,and Im NOT tired.,In the West,there is a value placed in being young that many people consciously,or subconsciously,are not willi

3、ng to accept that they are growing old.A:How are you doing now?Would you like to rest?B:No,not a bit.,Comment,The way of showing concern is different.,In China In the West,statement,question,VS,must,how would,I.Warm-up Cases,Case 2:A Canadian colleague and I traveled to Guilin with our admirable gui

4、de Heping Liu in very hot weather.Sightseeing is a thirsty business.We did not trust the water,and enjoyed excellent beer.We politely offered some to Heping but he refused.We said nothing and drank our beer,while poor Heping watched.On another day,Heping quickly accepted our offer of beer.,I.Warm-up

5、 Cases,Questions for discussion:In your daily life,do you often accept first offer?If yes,in what situation?,I.Warm-up CasesComment,First offer,Chinese,Westerners,Second or third offer,Religious reasonsReformed alcoholicAllergic,ModestPoliteWell-behaved,People are different throughout the world,cult

6、urally,religiously,ideologically,aidildikali(思想上；意识形态上)and racially,actually different in almost every aspect.,Why to take Intercultural Communication?,Throughout this course,you will have the opportunity to gain knowledge,skills and attitudes that will increase your intercultural communication comp

7、etence.,Therefore,we are supposed to know about their differences as much as possible,just for a smooth communication among the Homo sapiens(现代人),the people in the global village.,The ObjectivesTo explore cultural self-awareness,other culture awareness and the dynamics that arise in interactions bet

8、ween the two.To understand how communication processes differ among cultures.To identify challenges arise from these differences in intercultural interactions and learn ways to creatively address them.To acquire knowledge and develop skills that increase intercultural competence.,Culture is the tota

9、l accumulation of beliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutions and communication patterns that are shared,learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.,i.What is culture?,II.Culture,Communication,and Intercultural Communication,4.Characteristics of Culture,Cult

10、ure is shared.,2)Culture is not innate,it is learned.,3)Culture is based on symbols.,4)Culture is an integrated system.,5)Culture is dynamic.,Culture is ethnocentric,enusentrik(民族中心主义的;种族优越感的).,7)Culture is adaptive.,i.What is culture?,i.What Is Communication?,II.Culture,Communication,and Intercultu

11、ral Communication,Communication is a process in which people attempt to share their internal states with other people through the use of symbols.,II.Culture,Communication,and Intercultural Communication,2.The Functions of Communicationgather information about others.help fulfill interpersonal needs.

12、establish personal identities.influence others.,We learn to communicate.,II.Culture,Communication,and Intercultural Communication,1.Intercultural Communication,Intercultural Communication means communication between people from different cultural backgrounds.,iii.What Is Intercultural Communication?

13、,2.Model of Intercultural Communication,16,The more similarities two cultures share,the less influence culture will have on communication.Therefore,the less messages will be changed during communication.The less the cultures are alike,the more likely the messages will be changed.Misunderstanding in

14、intercultural communication often arises here.,iv.Exercises 1.Match the terms with their definitions,A.culture B.communication C.ethnocentrism D.intercultural communication E.business communication()1.The belief that your own cultural background,including ways of analyzing problems,values,beliefs,la

15、nguage,and verbal and nonverbal communication,is superior.()2.The total accumulation of beliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutions and communication patterns that are shared,learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.,C,A,()3.A process by which information

16、is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols,signs,or behavior,or the exchange of thoughts,messages,or information,as by speech,signals,writing,or behavior.()4.The communication is within business and administration,aiming at a common objective and profits for both the individ

17、uals and organizations.()5.The communication between people from different cultures when a member of one culture produces a message for consumption by a member of another culture.,B,E,D,III.The Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures,Please list 4 characteristics of Chinese,and another 4 of

18、 Americans.,1.The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese people,Saving Face,Hardworking,Formal,1.The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese People,Insensitive to time,Tending to misunderstand,Beating about the bush,1.The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese People,Obey but not Follow,Being doub

19、tful,Being content,2.The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese People,Never kiss parents,fake everywhere,2.The attitudes by Chinese towards Westerners,Kiss and hug anytime and anywhere,2.The attitudes by Chinese towards Westerners,Being punctual,Mind your own business,Too frank,The way of making c

20、ommentsThe way of lifePunctualityStanding in a queue Time for a showerDaily life of elderly people,List the differences between Chinese and Western cultures.,7.Voice of talking in public8.Idea of oneself9.Leadership10.Family11.Education12.Colors,The differences between Chinese and Western cultures.,

21、The way of making comments,Direct vs Indirect,28,The way of life,Individual vs Group,29,Punctuality,On time vs Late,30,Standing in a queue,Line vs Fan,31,Time for a shower,In the morning vs in the evening,32,Daily life of elderly people,With a dog vs with a child,33,Voice of talking in public,Low vs

22、 high,34,Idea of oneself,Individual-centered vs group-centered,35,Leadership,Equal vs power,Western:small,intimate family,retirement home,the old are separated,children leave early;being independent and look after themselves.Parents never interfere with their children affairs when they are old enoug

23、h.,Family,Old separated,Young independent,Chinese Family,Traditional:big family,modern:nuclear family,(A photo of Ba Jins Family),Western:performance oriented,little rote(死记硬背)memory,ability to solve problems;practical competence of running a business is more important.,Education,Eastern:experience

24、oriented,much memorization,the more experienced you are,the more popular you will be;you will be regarded well-educated if you can recite some ancient poems.,The US students in class,The Chinese students in class,A wedding ceremony,Colors,A funeral,V.Summary,Why take Intercultural Communication?Cult

25、ure CommunicationIntercultural CommunicationThe Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures,VI.Assignments,i.Exercises(P12-15)(A,C,E,G)ii.Spoken or written work1.What do you think about the culture invasion in E-times?As a college student,what you can do in such a social context?2.What do you t

26、hink about intercultural communication in E-times?In your eyes,is it a course everyone should learn or not?3.Asking yourself:Am I an ethnocentrist or just the opposite?Then please write a paper on how to be a successful intercultural communicator.4.Do you agree that culture is the key to intercultur

27、al communication?Explain your reasons.5.Explain how and why communication and culture are linked.,Exercises A.Comprehension Check,Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F)._ 1.As a phenomenon,intercultural communication has existed for thousands of years.However,as a discipline,

28、its history is only about fifty years._2.Intercultural Communication as a discipline first started in Europe._3.Culture is a static entity while communication is a dynamic process._4.Culture can be seen as shared knowledge,what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture._5.

29、Although cultural stereotype has its limitations(over-generalization),it still contributes to a persons cultural cognition.,T,F,F,T,T,_6.In intercultural communication,we should separate ones individual character from cultural generalization._7.Cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mist

30、akes.The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals._8.All people of the same nationality will have the same culture._9.Although two cultures may share the same id

31、eas,their meaning and significance may not be the same._10.Ones actions are totally independent of his or her culture.,T,T,F,T,F,Exercises C.Euphemism Understanding,Give the Chinese equivalents of the following euphemisms.,landscape engineer 园林工人tonsorial artist 理发师sanitation engineer 清道夫/清洁工shoe re

32、builder 补鞋匠,Exercises E.Cultural Puzzles,Read the following situations and choose the appropriate answer(s).There may be more than one possible answer for each cultural puzzle.1.What would you do if someone told you to use his or her first name,but you felt uncomfortable doing this?a.You could conti

33、nue to use the persons last name without explaining why.b.You could try to use the persons first name even though you feel uncomfortable doing this.c.You could ask the person,“Is it OK if I use your last name?”,Key,1.a)No.Ignoring others suggestion is impolite and offensive.B)Yes.When you try someth

34、ing new,it may be difficult at first.After a while,you will get accustomed to it.C)Yes.You could learn about others customs by asking for cultural explanations.,2.Situation:An American woman received a letter from a recently married Japanese friend.The Japanese woman wrote in her letter,“My husband

35、is not very handsome.Your husband is much more handsome than mine.”The American woman was very surprised at what her friend wrote.1)Why do you think the American was surprised?a)The American woman saw a picture of her friends husband and thought that he was very handsome.b)The American woman didnt t

36、hink her own husband was handsome.c)In the U.S.,it is disrespectful to say that ones husband is not handsome.,Key,1)a)No.Even if this was true,she wouldnt expect a wife to say this about her own husband.To her,the Japanese woman insulted her own husband.b)No.Even if this was true,she wouldnt expect

37、the Japanese woman to compare their husbands appearance.c)Yes.If an American woman said this about her husband,people might think that they didnt have a good relationship.,2)Why do you think the Japanese woman wrote,“My husband is not very handsome”?a)The Japanese woman was trying to tell her Americ

38、an friend that she did not like her husband very much.b)It is uncommon in Japan to compliment ones husband.c)The Japanese woman didnt think her husband was handsome,but she liked his personality.,Key,2)a)No.This would not be a Japanese way for a wife to say that she didnt like her husband.b)Yes.In Japan,a person would be considered boastful and not modest enough if he or she complimented his or her family members in front of others.C)No.See b).,Thank You!,