【跨文化交流外教】8Communication Stylesdirect and indirect.ppt
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1、“What people say,how they say it,what they dont say-and especially what they mean by what they say-are all deeply affected by culture.”-Craig Storti,Communication Styles,High Context/IndirectVs.Low Context/Direct,Main Question,How much of the meaning of a statement comes from the setting(context)?Or
2、 how much from the words chosen?,High Context/IndirectMeaning of the message comes more from the context/setting than it does from the direct words spoken.,Low Context/DirectMeaning of the message comes from the words that are spoken.,High Context/Indirect,People tend to infer,suggest,and imply rath
3、er than say things directly(This is how it appears to people from low context/direct cultures)Cultures tend to be more collectivist where harmony and saving face are the greatest goods(This results in the natural tendency to avoid confrontation)Because of the in-groups of collectivist cultures,membe
4、rs have in intuitive understanding of each other,Indirect/High Context(cont.),As a rule,people dont need to spell things out or say very much to get their message acrossThis intuitive understanding is known as contextMessages often dont need words to be expressed.The message is often expressed in te
5、rms of what is not said or done.The goal of most communication is preserving and strengthening the relationship with the other person,Direct/Low Context,Tend to be less collectivist and more individualist,with less developed in-groupsPeople lead more independent lives and have fewer shared experienc
6、esThis results in a less instinctive understanding of othersPeople need to spell things out and be more explicit,Direct/Low Context(cont.),People need to say exactly what they mean rather than merely suggest or imply their meaningThere is less context,less that can be taken for grantedThe spoken wor
7、d carries most of the meaningYou should not read anything into what is not said or doneThe goal of most communication exchanges is getting or giving information,Part I,1.I2.D3.IIDD,IDIDII,Degree of Directness,Direct,Indirect,Less,More,Importance of Face,In your own words,why do you think there is th
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